VIM thalamic stimulation for tremor in a patient with IgM paraproteinaemic demyelinating neuropathy.

We demonstrate the effect of deep brain stimulation of the ventral intermediate thalamic nucleus on intractable action tremor, in a 72-year-old man suffering from neuropathy associated with monoclonal gammopathy.

Efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin in patients with IgG monoclonal gammopathy and polyneuropathy.

CONTEXT: The optimal treatment of patients with neuropathy associated with IgG monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance is unknown. Plasma exchange has been shown to be effective but alternative therapies have not been systematically evaluated. OBJECTIVE: To report our experience with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in patients with IgG monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance polyneuropathy. DESIGN: Retrospective review of clinical and electrodiagnostic features of 20 consecutive patients treated with IVIG over an 8-year period. SETTING: Academic medical center. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Medical Research Council strength (maximum, 40 points) and sensory (maximum, 26 points) scores, modified Rankin Disability Scale score. RESULTS: There were 14 men and 6 women (mean age, 65 years; age range, 36-82 years). The mean strength score was 35.6 points and the mean sensory score was 15.8 points prior to therapy. After IVIG therapy, the mean strength score increased by 1.1 points (P =.22) and the sensory score increased by 1.7 points (P =.11). Eight patients (40%) improved by 2 points or more in their motor or sensory score and 1 point or more in the modified Rankin Disability Scale score and were considered IVIG therapy responders. They had a shorter duration of symptoms (P =.03), numb hands (P =.02), and falling episodes (P =.02), and had greater proximal leg weakness (P =.02) compared with nonresponders. In IVIG therapy responders, the ulnar motor conduction velocity was slower, ulnar and peroneal distal motor latencies were prolonged, and the frequency of conduction block was higher (13 of 36 motor nerves in responders vs 6 of 53 in nonresponders, P =.008). CONCLUSIONS: Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy was beneficial in 8 (40%) of our 20 patients with polyneuropathy and IgG monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Proximal leg weakness, short duration of symptoms, and demyelinating features on electrodiagnostic studies were associated with a response to IVIG therapy.

[Extracorporeal photopheresis--treatment option in scleromyxedema?]. / Extrakorporale Photopherese--Therapieoption beim Skleromyxödem?

Scleromyxedema is an uncommon disease of unclear etiology. Therapy is difficult. Two patients with scleromyxedema were treated with extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP). The first patient has been treated unsuccessfully for 3 months with PUVA-bath-therapy and for one year with cyclophosphamide and prednisolone. Thus supplementary treatment with ECP was initiated, as the cyclophosphamide and prednisolone were gradually reduced. After 29 cycles of ECP, the skin lesions had almost disappeared and the associated myopathy also resolved. In the second patient initial monotherapy with ECP was started after PUVA-bath-therapy for 3 months did not show any effect. After temporary improvement with ECP every four weeks, the skin lesions relapsed, so oral cyclophosphamide was added. These two cases confirm the effect of ECP in scleromyxedema, but probably combination therapy is at least initially more successful.

High-dose therapy and autologous transplantation in amyloidosis-AL.

A 53-yr.-old woman with amyloidosis AL was treated with high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell infusion in an attempt to suppress the amyloid secretion. A diagnosis of MGUS had been made six years earlier. During the last year her disease had progressively shifted to a full-blown picture of amyloidosis AL, with renal failure, proteinuria, renal amyloid deposition and plasma cell sheets in the marrow. After an unsuccessful attempt with standard-dose chemotherapy, she received a high-dose regimen of busulphan (14 mg/Kg) and melphalan (40 mg/m2), followed by the infusion of both autologous bone marrow and peripheral blood stem cells. She had full and prompt engraftment, but eight weeks post-graft developed interstitial pneumonitis: CMV was isolated. The patient died while in the intensive care unit. In the literature, this is the first case of amyloidosis AL treated with high-dose therapy and autologous transplantation.