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1.
Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) ; 9(6): 295-311, 2020 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32286206

RESUMO

Background and Objective: Impaired dermal wound healing represents a major medical issue in today's aging populations. Granulation tissue formation in the dermis and reepithelization of the epidermis are both important and necessary for proper wound healing. Although a number of artificial dermal grafts have been used to treat full-thickness dermal loss in humans, they do not induce reepithelization of the wound, requiring subsequent epithelial transplantation. In the present study, we sought a novel biomaterial that accelerates the wound healing process. Approach: We prepared a composite biomaterial made of jellyfish and porcine collagens and developed a hybrid-type dermal graft that composed of the upper layer film and the lower layer sponge made of this composite biomaterial. Its effect on dermal wound healing was examined using a full-thickness excisional wound model. Structural properties of the dermal graft and histological features of the regenerating skin tissue were characterized by electron microscopic observation and immunohistological examination, respectively. Results: The composite biomaterial film stimulated migration of keratinocytes, leading to prompt reepithelization. The regenerating epithelium consisted of two distinct cell populations: keratin 5-positive basal keratinocytes and more differentiated cells expressing tight junction proteins such as claudin-1 and occludin. At the same time, the sponge made of the composite biomaterial possessed a significantly enlarged intrinsic space and enhanced infiltration of inflammatory cells and fibroblasts, accelerating granulation tissue formation. Innovation: This newly developed composite biomaterial may serve as a dermal graft that accelerates wound healing in various pathological conditions. Conclusion: We have developed a novel dermal graft composed of jellyfish and porcine collagens that remarkably accelerates the wound healing process.


Assuntos
Materiais Biocompatíveis/farmacologia , Colágeno/farmacologia , Derme/patologia , Tecido de Granulação/fisiologia , Cicatrização/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Materiais Biocompatíveis/administração & dosagem , Diferenciação Celular , Movimento Celular/fisiologia , Colágeno/metabolismo , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Células Epiteliais/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Epiteliais/fisiologia , Feminino , Fibroblastos , Queratina-5/metabolismo , Queratinócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Queratinócitos/metabolismo , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Microscopia Eletrônica/métodos , Regeneração , Cifozoários , Pele/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Pele/ultraestrutura , Transplante de Pele/métodos , Suínos , Proteínas de Junções Íntimas/metabolismo
2.
Biointerphases ; 15(2): 021005, 2020 03 25.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32212739

RESUMO

Nowadays, high-resolution imaging techniques are extensively applied in a complementary way to gain insights into complex phenomena. For a truly complementary analytical approach, a common sample carrier is required that is suitable for the different preparation methods necessary for each analytical technique. This sample carrier should be capable of accommodating diverse analytes and maintaining their pristine composition and arrangement during deposition and preparation. In this work, a new type of sample carrier consisting of a silicon wafer with a hydrophilic polymer coating was developed. The robustness of the polymer coating toward solvents was strengthened by cross-linking and stoving. Furthermore, a new method of UV-ozone cleaning was developed that enhances the adhesion of the polymer coating to the wafer and ensures reproducible surface-properties of the resulting sample carrier. The hydrophilicity of the sample carrier was recovered applying the new method of UV-ozone cleaning, while avoiding UV-induced damages to the polymer. Noncontact 3D optical profilometry and contact angle measurements were used to monitor the hydrophilicity of the coating. The hydrophilicity of the polymer coating ensures its spongelike behavior so that upon the deposition of an analyte suspension, the solvent and solutes are separated from the analyte by absorption into the polymer. This feature is essential to limit the coffee-ring effect and preserve the native identity of an analyte upon deposition. The suitability of the sample carrier for various sample types was tested using nanoparticles from suspension, bacterial cells, and tissue sections. To assess the homogeneity of the analyte distribution and preservation of sample integrity, optical and scanning electron microscopy, helium ion microscopy, laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry were used. This demonstrates the broad applicability of the newly developed sample carrier and its value for complementary imaging.


Assuntos
Imageamento Tridimensional , Animais , Interações Hidrofóbicas e Hidrofílicas , Nanopartículas/ultraestrutura , Polímeros/química , Pseudomonas putida/ultraestrutura , Coelhos , Pele/ultraestrutura , Propriedades de Superfície , Temperatura , Água/química , Zea mays/anatomia & histologia
3.
Biosci Rep ; 40(1)2020 01 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31894858

RESUMO

Hypertrophic scars (HTSs) are common and cause functional and psychological morbidity. UVA1 (340-400 nm) phototherapy has been previously shown to be effective in the treatment of localized scleroderma, systemic sclerosis, and POEMS syndrome with minimal side effects, all of which are presented as collagen fibrils hyperplasia that is common with scarring in skin histology. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the impact of UVA1 on the protein expression of TGF-ß signal pathway and myofibroblasts in a rabbit model of cutaneous scarring. Full-thickness skin wounds (2 cm × 5 cm in diameter) were made in New Zealand white rabbits to establish the hypertrophic scarring model. New Zealand white rabbits were divided into two treatment groups (n=30 wounds per group with an equal number of controls): medium-dose of UVA1 phototherapy group: 60 J/cm2; high-dose of UVA1 phototherapy group: 110 J/cm2. Left ears were used for treatment and the right ones were used for control. Treatment was administered five times weekly for 6 weeks. Treated and untreated control wounds were harvested at various time points and examined by histologic examination, immunohistochemical assessment, and ultrastructural evaluation. The results showed that UVA1 phototherapy caused a significant reduction in dermal thickness by histological features, whereas the scar index was descended significantly in both medium- and high-dose UVA1 groups compared with the control group. Examination of immunohistochemistry also revealed a marked suppression of tissue growth factor-ß (TGF-ß) (both medium- and high-dose), α smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) (only high-dose), and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) (only high-dose), and apparent increase in matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1) (both medium- and high-dose) compared with the control. The ultrastructural evaluation showed the collagen fibers' diameter had shrunk, and that fibroblastic cytoplasm was not affluent and in a quiescent stage. These findings of the present study suggested that administration of UVA1 irradiation is effective to improve the experimental HTS model and raises a possibility of the therapeutic approach of UVA1 in the scar. Although not directly examined in the present study, MMP inhibition is hypothesized to be responsible for this effect. However, early UVA1 treatment could not prevent the formation of scar model.


Assuntos
Cicatriz Hipertrófica/radioterapia , Miofibroblastos/efeitos da radiação , Pele/efeitos da radiação , Terapia Ultravioleta , Actinas/metabolismo , Animais , Cicatriz Hipertrófica/metabolismo , Cicatriz Hipertrófica/patologia , Colágeno/metabolismo , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Feminino , Metaloproteinase 1 da Matriz/metabolismo , Miofibroblastos/metabolismo , Miofibroblastos/ultraestrutura , Coelhos , Pele/metabolismo , Pele/ultraestrutura , Inibidor Tecidual de Metaloproteinase-1/metabolismo , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/metabolismo
5.
Fitoterapia ; 138: 104195, 2019 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31175953

RESUMO

We investigated the transdermal drug permeation enhancement properties and associated mechanisms of white mustard (Sinapis alba L.) seed volatile oil (SVO). Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, we showed that SVO was composed primarily of allylisothiocyanate and isothiocyanatocyclopropane. Compared with azone, SVO had better penetration-enhancing effects on three model drugs (5-Fluorouracil, Osthole, and Paeonol), with each having different oil-water partition coefficients. Histopathology showed that SVO did not induce skin irritation when the concentration was lower than 2% (v/v), and it induced less irritation than azone. According to attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy, SVO induced skin lipid structural disorder and increased the distance between the stratum corneum, which is beneficial to the penetration of drugs. Cellular experiments showed that SVO inhibited Ca2+-ATPase activity, increased intracellular Ca2+ concentration, and changed the membrane potential in HaCaT cells, which promoted drug transfer into the skin. Our findings reveal that SVO is a safe and efficient natural product that has great potential as skin penetration enhancer.


Assuntos
Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Sementes/química , Sinapis/química , Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Administração Cutânea , Animais , ATPases Transportadoras de Cálcio/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular , Humanos , Masculino , Potenciais da Membrana , Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Pele/ultraestrutura , Absorção Cutânea , Testes de Toxicidade
6.
Int J Mol Med ; 44(2): 559-568, 2019 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31198982

RESUMO

Processed products from agricultural produce generate a large number of agricultural by­products that contain a number of functional substances. These are often discarded owing to the lack of suitable processing methods. The present study investigated the anti­photoaging properties of fermented rice bran (FRB), soybean cake (FSB) and sesame seed cake (FSC) on ultraviolet B (UVB)­irradiated hairless mouse skin. Results indicated that the oral administration of FRB, FSB and FSC effectively inhibited the UVB irradiation­induced expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)­2, MMP­9, MMP­3 and MMP­13. Reverse transcription­quantitative polymerase chain reaction results also demonstrated that FRB, FSB and FSC significantly inhibited the UVB­induced expression of the genes encoding tumor necrosis factor­α, inducible nitric oxide synthase, interleukin (IL)­6 and IL­1ß when compared with the UVB­vehicle group (P<0.05). Additionally, collagen degradation and mast cell infiltration were reduced in hairless mouse skin. Furthermore, UVB­induced wrinkle formation was also significantly reduced in mouse skin compared with the UVB­vehicle group (P<0.05). These results reveal that fermented agricultural by­products may serve as potential functional materials with anti­photoaging activities.


Assuntos
Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Envelhecimento da Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Envelhecimento da Pele/efeitos da radiação , Protetores Solares/farmacologia , Raios Ultravioleta/efeitos adversos , Animais , Produtos Agrícolas/química , Feminino , Fermentação , Camundongos Pelados , Oryza/química , Extratos Vegetais/química , Sesamum/química , Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Pele/efeitos da radiação , Pele/ultraestrutura , Glycine max/química , Protetores Solares/química
7.
Sci Rep ; 8(1): 16683, 2018 11 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30420715

RESUMO

The barrier functions of skin against water loss, microbial invasion and penetration of xenobiotics rely, in part, on the spatial distribution of the biomolecular constituents in the skin structure, particularly its horny layer (stratum corneum). However, all skin layers are important to describe normal and dysfunctional skin conditions, and to develop adapted therapies or skin care products. In this work, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) combined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to image the spatial distribution of a variety of molecular species, from stratum corneum down to dermis, in cross-section samples of human abdominal skin. The results demonstrate the expected localization of ceramide and saturated long-chain fatty acids in stratum corneum (SC) and cholesterol sulfate in the upper part of the viable epidermis. The localization of exogenous compounds is demonstrated by the detection and imaging of carvacrol (a constituent of oregano or thyme essential oil) and ceramide, after topical application onto ex vivo human skin. Carvacrol showed pronounced accumulation to triglyceride-containing structures in the deeper parts of dermis. In contrast, the exogenous ceramide was found to be localized in SC. Furthermore, the complementary character of this approach with classical ex vivo skin absorption analysis methods is demonstrated.


Assuntos
Lipídeos/análise , Pele/metabolismo , Derme/metabolismo , Derme/ultraestrutura , Epiderme/metabolismo , Epiderme/ultraestrutura , Ácidos Graxos/metabolismo , Humanos , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Pele/ultraestrutura , Absorção Cutânea , Espectrometria de Massa de Íon Secundário
8.
Int J Nanomedicine ; 13: 831-842, 2018.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29467573

RESUMO

AIM: The aim of this work was to develop a novel vesicular carrier, ultradeformable liposomes (UDLs), to expand the applications of the Chinese herbal medicine, imperatorin (IMP), and increase its transdermal delivery. METHODS: In this study, we prepared IMP-loaded UDLs using the thin-film hydration method and evaluated their encapsulation efficiency, vesicle deformability, skin permeation, and the amounts accumulated in different depths of the skin in vitro. The influence of different charged surfactants on the properties of the UDLs was also investigated. RESULTS: The results showed that the UDLs containing cationic surfactants had high entrapment efficiency (60.32%±2.82%), an acceptable particle size (82.4±0.65 nm), high elasticity, and prolonged drug release. The penetration rate of IMP in cationic-UDLs was 3.45-fold greater than that of IMP suspension, which was the highest value among the vesicular carriers. UDLs modified with cationic surfactant also showed higher fluorescence intensity in deeper regions of the epidermis. CONCLUSION: The results of our study suggest that cationic surfactant-modified UDLs could increase the transdermal flux, prolong the release of the drug, and serve as an effective dermal delivery system for IMP.


Assuntos
Furocumarinas/administração & dosagem , Lipossomos/administração & dosagem , Lipossomos/química , Administração Cutânea , Animais , Portadores de Fármacos/química , Portadores de Fármacos/farmacologia , Sistemas de Liberação de Medicamentos/métodos , Elasticidade , Masculino , Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão , Tamanho da Partícula , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Pele/ultraestrutura , Absorção Cutânea/efeitos dos fármacos , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier , Tensoativos/química
9.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi ; 42(17): 3350-3355, 2017 Sep.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29192445

RESUMO

The aim of this paper was to explore the effects of Frankincense and Myrrh essential oil on transdermal absorption, and investigate the mechanism of permeation on the microstructure and molecular structure of stratum corneum. Through the determination of stratum corneum/medium partition coefficient of ferulicacid in Chuanxiong influenced by Frankincense and Myrrh essential oil, the effects of volatile oil of frankincense and Myrrh on the the microscopic and molecular structure of stratum corneum were explored by observation of skin stratum corneum structure under scanning electron microscopy, and investigation of frankincense and myrrh essential oil effects on the molecular structure of keratin and lipids in stratum corneum under Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that the oil could enhance the distribution of ferulic acid in the stratum corneum and medium, and to a certain extent damaged the imbricate structure of stratum corneum which was originally regularly, neatly, and closely arranged; some epidermal scales turned upward, with local peeling phenomenon. In addition, frankincense and myrrh essential oil caused the relative displacement of CH2 stretching vibration peak of stratum corneum lipids and amide stretching vibration peak of stratum corneum keratin, indicating that frankincense and myrrh essential oil may change the conformation of lipid and keratin in the stratum corneum, increase the bilayer liquidity of the stratum corneum lipid, and change the orderly and compact structure to increase the skin permeability and reduce the effect of barrier function. It can be concluded that Frankincense and Myrrh essential oil can promote the permeation effect by increasing the distribution of drugs in the stratum corneum and changing the structure of the stratum corneum.


Assuntos
Ácidos Cumáricos/farmacocinética , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacocinética , Franquincenso/farmacocinética , Óleos Voláteis/farmacocinética , Absorção Cutânea , Administração Cutânea , Humanos , Queratinas , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Óleos de Plantas/farmacocinética , Pele/ultraestrutura , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier
10.
J Dermatol Sci ; 88(1): 67-77, 2017 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28610718

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Atopic eczema (AE) is a chronic inflammatory and pruritic skin disease. There is still an unmet need for topical anti-inflammatory and anti-pruritic substances exhibiting an excellent safety profile. The endocannabinoid system is known to regulate various aspects of cutaneous barrier and immune functions, thus targeting it may be a valid approach for alleviating the symptoms of AE. OBJECTIVE: To assess the putative efficacy of Echinacea purpurea-derived alkylamides (Ec. extract) activating cannabinoid (CB)-2 receptors in exerting anti-inflammatory effects and alleviating symptoms of AE. METHODS: In vitro anti-inflammatory efficiency was investigated by monitoring the effects of Ec. extract on poly-(I:C)-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine expression (Q-PCR) and release (ELISA) of HaCaT keratinocytes. Irritancy and sensitization potential (assessed by Human Repeat Insult Patch Test; Clinical trial 1); clinical efficiency in alleviating symptoms of AE (Clinical trial 2) as well as effects on human skin structure and lipid content (Clinical trial 3 followed by transmission electron microscopy and HPTLC) were investigated in randomized double blind clinical trials. RESULTS: Ec. extract significantly reduced mRNA expression as well as release of poly-(I:C)-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-8) in keratinocytes. Thus, not surprisingly, the well-tolerated (Clinical trial 1) Ec. extract-based cream reduced local SCORAD statistically significantly, not only compared to baseline, but also compared to the comparator (Clinical trial 2). Of great importance, besides the in vitro anti-inflammatory effects, administration of the Ec. extract-based cream also resulted in significantly higher levels of overall epidermal lipids, ceramide EOS (ω-esterified fatty acid+sphingosine sphingoid base), and cholesterol at Day 15 compared to baseline as well as significantly greater numbers of intercellular lipid lamellae in the intercellular space (Clinical trial 3). CONCLUSION: The investigated Ec. extract shows great potential in alleviating cutaneous symptoms of AE, and by exerting remarkable anti-inflammatory actions and restoring the epidermal lipid barrier, it will be very likely a well-tolerated, powerful novel ingredient for the adjuvant therapy of AE.


Assuntos
Antipruriginosos/uso terapêutico , Dermatite Atópica/tratamento farmacológico , Echinacea/química , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Alcamidas Poli-Insaturadas/uso terapêutico , Prurido/tratamento farmacológico , Receptor CB2 de Canabinoide/agonistas , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Antipruriginosos/farmacologia , Linhagem Celular , Quimioterapia Adjuvante/métodos , Criança , Citocinas/metabolismo , Dermatite Atópica/patologia , Método Duplo-Cego , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Espaço Extracelular/química , Feminino , Voluntários Saudáveis , Humanos , Queratinócitos , Lipídeos/análise , Masculino , Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Testes do Emplastro , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Alcamidas Poli-Insaturadas/farmacologia , Prurido/patologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Pele/citologia , Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Pele/patologia , Pele/ultraestrutura , Adulto Jovem
11.
Burns ; 43(4): 830-838, 2017 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28040363

RESUMO

The healing of wounds has always provided challenges for the medical community whether chronic or acute. Modern and traditional medicine has proved that herbal medicine shown superiority over chemical drugs. Herein, we report an Entada phaseoloides (L.) Merr. extract with a total tannin content of 76.18% showed wound-healing promoting effect in rat model. We found significantly accelerated wound closure already on day 7 in animals treated with total Entada phaseoloides (L.) Merr. tannins (TEPT) as compared to vaseline treated controls (p<0.05). At day 15, histologically, the wounds in animals treated with TEPT were completely closed as compared to controls. In vitro, TEPT promotes fibroblast proliferation and migration into wounds of NIH3T3 with concentration range of 9.38-37.50µg/ml. TEPT also had an inhibitory action against Staphylococcus aureus with MBC of 1.5mg/ml and the result was further proved by transmission electron microscope. Thus, TEPT could promote wound shrinkage, improve healing rate and promote healing of infectious wounds in rats. And this effect may due to antibacterial activities and NIH3T3 cell pro-proliferative effect of the tannins compounds, which indicating that TEPT can be used as efficient treatment in traumatic injury.


Assuntos
Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Fabaceae , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos , Taninos/farmacologia , Cicatrização/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Colágeno/biossíntese , Colágeno/efeitos dos fármacos , Emolientes/farmacologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão , Mupirocina/farmacologia , Células NIH 3T3 , Vaselina/farmacologia , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Pele/lesões , Pele/patologia , Pele/ultraestrutura , Infecções Estafilocócicas , Infecção dos Ferimentos
13.
Int J Mol Sci ; 17(11)2016 Nov 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27854351

RESUMO

Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) α/γ is known to inhibit the increases in matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by ultraviolet light (UV). Extracts of natural herbs, such as Kochia scoparia and Rosa multiflora, have a PPAR α/γ dual agonistic effect. Therefore, we investigated whether and how they have an antiaging effect on photoaging skin. Eighteen-week-old hairless mice were irradiated with UVA 14 J/cm² and UVB 40 mJ/cm² three times a week for 8 weeks. A mixture of extracts of Kochia scoparia and Rosa multiflora (KR) was topically applied on the dorsal skin of photoaging mice twice a day for 8 weeks. Tesaglitazar, a known PPAR α/γ agonist, and vehicle (propylene glycol:ethanol = 7:3, v/v) were applied as positive and negative controls, respectively. Dermal effects (including dermal thickness, collagen density, dermal expression of procollagen 1 and collagenase 13) and epidermal effects (including skin barrier function, epidermal proliferation, epidermal differentiation, and epidermal cytokines) were measured and compared. In photoaging murine skin, KR resulted in a significant recovery of dermal thickness as well as dermal fibroblasts, although it did not change dermal collagen density. KR increased the expression of dermal transforming growth factor (TGF)-ß. The dermal effects of KR were explained by an increase in procollagen 1 expression, induced by TGF-ß, and a decrease in MMP-13 expression. KR did not affect basal transepidermal water loss (TEWL) or stratum corneum (SC) integrity, but did decrease SC hydration. It also did not affect epidermal proliferation or epidermal differentiation. KR decreased the expression of epidermal interleukin (IL)-1α. Collectively, KR showed possible utility as a therapeutic agent for photoaging skin, with few epidermal side effects such as epidermal hyperplasia or poor differentiation.


Assuntos
Bassia scoparia/química , PPAR alfa/agonistas , PPAR gama/agonistas , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Rosa/química , Envelhecimento da Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Envelhecimento da Pele/efeitos da radiação , Animais , Feminino , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/efeitos da radiação , Metaloproteinase 1 da Matriz/análise , Metaloproteinase 1 da Matriz/genética , Metaloproteinase 13 da Matriz/genética , Camundongos Pelados , PPAR alfa/genética , PPAR gama/genética , Extratos Vegetais/química , Pró-Colágeno/genética , Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Pele/metabolismo , Pele/efeitos da radiação , Pele/ultraestrutura , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/genética , Raios Ultravioleta/efeitos adversos
14.
Skin Pharmacol Physiol ; 29(5): 266-272, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27871086

RESUMO

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Dry skin, or xerosis, is a common condition and a key feature of skin diseases like atopic dermatitis (AD) and ichthyosis vulgaris. Foot xerosis may exist without underlying disease and could be related to very mild forms of AD or ichthyosis vulgaris. The synthesis of important skin lipids (cholesterol, free fatty acids and ceramides) is reduced in xerosis and AD, and reduced lipid synthesis is responsible for a lack of lipids and enzymes in the skin barrier. This slows down reorganisation of the lipid lamellae in the stratum corneum (SC). METHODS: Skin barrier integrity was measured by morphometric analysis of the lipid lamellae in the SC after 4 weeks of treatment with a foam cream (active agent vs. placebo). RESULTS: Significant treatment effects were shown after 2 and 4 weeks by an increasing amount of intercellular lipids in the SC. CONCLUSION: This study shows that a quick reorganisation of the SC lipids initiates a good restoration of the whole skin barrier after 4 weeks of treatment with a foam cream.


Assuntos
Dermatoses do Pé/tratamento farmacológico , Creme para a Pele/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Dermatoses do Pé/metabolismo , Humanos , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos , Masculino , Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Pele/metabolismo , Pele/ultraestrutura , Água/metabolismo
15.
Nanomedicine (Lond) ; 11(10): 1193-205, 2016 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27102240

RESUMO

AIM: We assessed the effects of flexing and massage on human skin penetration and toxicity of topically applied coated and uncoated zinc oxide nanoparticles (˜75 nm) in vivo. MATERIALS & METHODS: Noninvasive multiphoton tomography with fluorescence lifetime imaging was used to evaluate the penetration of nanoparticles through the skin barrier and cellular apoptosis in the viable epidermis. RESULTS: All nanoparticles applied to skin with flexing and massage were retained in the stratum corneum or skin furrows. No significant penetration into the viable epidermis was seen and no cellular toxicity was detected. CONCLUSION: Exposure of normal in vivo human skin to these nanoparticles under common in-use conditions of flexing or massage is not associated with significant adverse events.


Assuntos
Absorção Cutânea , Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Protetores Solares/farmacocinética , Protetores Solares/toxicidade , Óxido de Zinco/farmacocinética , Óxido de Zinco/toxicidade , Adulto , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Massagem , Pele/citologia , Pele/metabolismo , Pele/ultraestrutura , Adulto Jovem
16.
J Appl Toxicol ; 36(3): 424-33, 2016 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26437923

RESUMO

With the rapid development of the nano-industry, concerns about their potential adverse health effects have been raised. Thus, ranking accurately their toxicity and prioritizing for in vivo testing through in vitro toxicity test is needed. In this study, we used three types of synthesized aluminum oxide nanoparticles (AlONPs): γ-aluminum oxide hydroxide nanoparticles (γ-AlOHNPs), γ- and α-AlONPs. All three AlONPs were spherical, and the surface area was the greatest for γ-AlONPs, followed by the α-AlONPs and γ-AlOHNPs. In mice, γ-AlOHNPs accumulated the most 24 h after a single oral dose. Additionally, the decreased number of white blood cells (WBC), the increased ratio of neutrophils and the enhanced secretion of interleukin (IL)-8 were observed in the blood of mice dosed with γ-AlOHNPs (10 mg kg(-1)). We also compared their toxicity using four different in vitro test methods using six cell lines, which were derived from their potential target organs, BEAS-2B (lung), Chang (liver), HACAT (skin), H9C2 (heart), T98G (brain) and HEK-293 (kidney). The results showed γ-AlOHNPs induced the greatest toxicity. Moreover, separation of particles was observed in a transmission electron microscope (TEM) image of cells treated with γ-AlOHNPs, but not γ-AlONPs or α-AlONPs. In conclusion, our results suggest that the accumulation and toxicity of AlONPs are stronger in γ-AlOHNPs compared with γ-AlONPs and α-AlONPs owing their low stability within biological system, and the presence of hydroxyl group may be an important factor in determining the distribution and toxicity of spherical AlONPs.


Assuntos
Hidróxido de Alumínio/toxicidade , Óxido de Alumínio/toxicidade , Nanopartículas Metálicas/toxicidade , Trifosfato de Adenosina/metabolismo , Administração Oral , Hidróxido de Alumínio/metabolismo , Óxido de Alumínio/metabolismo , Animais , Bioensaio , Biomarcadores/sangue , Encéfalo/efeitos dos fármacos , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Encéfalo/ultraestrutura , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Células HEK293 , Humanos , Interleucina-8/sangue , Rim/efeitos dos fármacos , Rim/ultraestrutura , L-Lactato Desidrogenase/metabolismo , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/metabolismo , Fígado/ultraestrutura , Pulmão/efeitos dos fármacos , Pulmão/metabolismo , Pulmão/ultraestrutura , Masculino , Camundongos Endogâmicos ICR , Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão , Miócitos Cardíacos/efeitos dos fármacos , Miócitos Cardíacos/metabolismo , Miócitos Cardíacos/ultraestrutura , Neutrófilos/efeitos dos fármacos , Neutrófilos/imunologia , Neutrófilos/metabolismo , Tamanho da Partícula , Ratos , Medição de Risco , Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Pele/metabolismo , Pele/ultraestrutura , Propriedades de Superfície , Fatores de Tempo , Distribuição Tecidual
17.
J Biomed Opt ; 20(12): 120501, 2015.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26641198

RESUMO

Advancing the practical utility of nonlinear optical microscopy requires continued improvement in imaging depth and contrast. We evaluated second-harmonic generation (SHG) and third-harmonic generation images from ex vivo human skin and showed that a sub-40 fs, 1060-nm Yb-fiber laser can enhance SHG penetration depth by up to 80% compared to a >100 fs, 800 nm Ti:sapphire source. These results demonstrate the potential of fiber-based laser systems to address a key performance limitation related to nonlinear optical microscopy (NLOM) technology while providing a low-barrier-to-access alternative to Ti:sapphire sources that could help accelerate the movement of NLOM into clinical practice.


Assuntos
Tecnologia de Fibra Óptica/instrumentação , Aumento da Imagem/instrumentação , Iluminação/instrumentação , Microscopia/métodos , Pele/ultraestrutura , Óxido de Alumínio/química , Epiderme/ultraestrutura , Desenho de Equipamento , Humanos , Queratinócitos/ultraestrutura , Lasers , Iluminação/métodos , Fibras Ópticas , Óptica e Fotônica , Titânio/química , Itérbio/química
18.
J Pharm Sci ; 104(6): 2008-2017, 2015 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25846633

RESUMO

The present work aims at studying the decontamination efficacy of a calixarene-loaded nanoemulsion on two ex vivo wounded skin models mimicking superficial stings or cuts contaminated with uranium, and on a third model using excoriation. The decontaminating formulation was compared with the currently used radio-decontaminating soapy water (Trait rouge®) treatment. Moreover, to assess skin damage potentially induced by the undiluted nanoemulsion, in vitro toxicity studies were conducted on an in vitro reconstructed human epidermis, coupled with three different toxicity tests [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide, lactate dehydrogenase, and interleukin-1-α]. This work demonstrated not only a significant decontamination activity of the calixarene nanoemulsion on wounded skin, ranging from 92% to 94% of the applied uranium solution according to the ex vivo model used, but also the absence of side effects of this promising treatment.


Assuntos
Calixarenos/farmacologia , Descontaminação/métodos , Emulsões/farmacologia , Fenóis/farmacologia , Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Urânio/isolamento & purificação , Cicatrização/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Calixarenos/química , Calixarenos/toxicidade , Emulsões/química , Emulsões/toxicidade , Humanos , Fenóis/química , Fenóis/toxicidade , Pele/patologia , Pele/ultraestrutura , Suínos
19.
Photochem Photobiol ; 91(3): 558-66, 2015.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25580770

RESUMO

Schinus terebinthifolius is a plant rich in phenolic compounds, which have antioxidant properties and can provide new opportunities for treatment and prevention of diseases mediated by ultraviolet radiation like photoaging and skin cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the photoprotective potential and ex vivo percutaneous penetration of the crude extract of Schinus terebinthifolius leaves. The extract was tested for antioxidant activity using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and ß-carotene bleaching test. The sun protection factor was also evaluated. The ex vivo skin permeation of the emulsion and gel formulations were assayed. Fractionation of the extract resulted in gallic acid, ethyl gallate and a mixture of flavonoids, suggesting derivatives of quercetin and myricetin. The phenolic content of the extract was 384.64 ± 2.60 mg GAE g(-1) extract. The antioxidant activity was superior to butylated hydroxytoluene, in DPPH method, and ascorbic acid and rutin, in ß-carotene bleaching assay. The extract showed UV absorption with photoprotector potential in the UVB region. The photoacoustic spectroscopy measurements confirmed absorption in the UV region and topical application of the formulations caused no histological changes in the rats' skin. These results suggest that the crude extract of Schinus terebinthifolius leaves may be a promising natural sunscreen product.


Assuntos
Anacardiaceae/química , Extratos Vegetais/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Folhas de Planta/química , Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Análise Espectral , Acústica , Animais , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Ácido Gálico/análogos & derivados , Ácido Gálico/química , Ácido Gálico/farmacologia , Técnicas Fotoacústicas , Ratos , Pele/ultraestrutura , Protetores Solares/química , Protetores Solares/farmacologia
20.
Biomed Res Int ; 2014: 506051, 2014.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24616895

RESUMO

Low level laser therapy (LLLT) has been used to relieve pain, inflammation, and wound healing processes. Thus, the skin is overexposed to laser and this effect is not completely understood. This study analyzed the effects of the number of laser applications (three, six, and 10) on the intact skin of the masseteric region in mice of strain HRS/J. The animals (n = 30) were equally divided into control (0 J/cm(2)) and irradiated (20 J/cm(2)), and each of these groups was further equally divided according to the number of laser applications (three, six, and 10) and underwent LLLT on alternate days. Samples were analyzed by light microscopy and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The animals receiving applications exhibited open channels more dilated between the keratinocytes and photobiomodulation effect on endothelial cells and fibroblasts by TEM. Under the light microscope after 10 laser applications, the type I collagen decreased (P < 0.05) compared to the three and six applications. Under these experimental conditions, all numbers of applications provided photobiomodulatory effect on the epidermis and dermis, without damage. More studies are needed to standardize the energy density and number of applications recommended for laser therapy to have a better cost-benefit ratio associated with treatment.


Assuntos
Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade , Pele/citologia , Pele/ultraestrutura , Animais , Colágeno Tipo I/metabolismo , Camundongos , Pele/efeitos da radiação , Coloração e Rotulagem
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