Negative Impacts of Taegyo: Feminist and Disability Perspectives.

This study examines the origin and religious roots of taegyo, Korean traditional prenatal education, and raises concerns about potential negative impacts of contemporary taegyo practice from feminist and disability perspectives. Taegyo has been accepted without much criticism due to its deep integration into prenatal care culture, and most existing literature focuses on taegyo's positive impacts on fetal health and development from scientific or nursing perspectives. This article analyzes a 19th-century taegyo manual, Taegyo Singi, and Seon and Won Buddhist literatures on taegyo in order to understand the religio-cultural concepts and contexts of taegyo. The article then discusses the potential downsides of taegyo practice today, considering its patriarchal, mother-blaming, ablest roots in Korean history and culture. The author raises concerns about social oppression, the control of women's bodily autonomy, and the disproportionate responsibility burden that taegyo places on Korean women. The article concludes with suggestions for future research and for well-balanced taegyo practice.

Cocreating guide dog partnerships: dog training and interdependence in 1930s America.

This article scrutinises issues around disability and dependent (interdependent) agency, extending these to non-human animals and service dogs, with a sustained reference to the training of guide dogs. It does this through a detailed engagement with the training methodology and philosophy of The Seeing Eye guide dog school in the 1930s, exploring the physical, bodily and instrumental means through which the guide dog partnership, and the identity of the instructor, the guide dog and the guide dog owner, jointly came into being. The novelty of the article lies in how it reconsiders what interdependence meant and means from the perspectives drawing from historical and sociological literature on dog training. In doing so it opens up new ways of thinking about service animals that recognise their historical contingency and the complex processes at work in the creation and development of interdependent agency.

[Tourville, a center of rehabilitation during the 1914-1918 war]. / Tourvielle, un centre de réadaptation pendant la guerre de 1914-1918.

After WWI, an important centre of rehabilitation was created for the severely disabled in Tourvielle. It created the opportunity to invent and manufacture many prostheses to compensate the war amputations. In particular, the artificial arm/hand prosthesis enabled amputees to live more productive lives. Raphael Freida, who was an exceptional artist, illustrated the centre of rehabilitation when it was inaugurated by the town of Lyons.

Jesus and people with disabilities: old stories, new approaches.

According to some authors, the healing narratives in the New Testament have fuelled destructive attitudes toward disability among Christians. The purpose of this paper is to explore a subset of Jesus' miracle healings for more constructive messages, and for guidance about pastoral care for people with disabilities. Of twenty-nine miracle accounts found in the four gospels, five were selected for this study that deal with physical disability in individual persons. Using the socio-rhetorical interpretive method, the stories are mined for themes regarding spiritual aspects of healing, identity, faith, sin and touch.

La discapacidad en Nicaragua: situación actual y perspectiva / The discapacidad in Nicaragua: current situation and perspective

El Ministerio de Salud, con la asistencia técnica de la la representación de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS) en Nicaragua, se complace en poner a la disposición de Organismos, Instituciones y personas que trabajan en rehabilitación de las personas con discapacidad, toda la información necesaria que permita avanzar en equiparar las oportunidades y mejorar las condiciones de vida de las personas con discapacidad, no sólo en beneficio de éstas, sino también el resto de sus fmailiar y la comunidad a la que pertenencen. Además difunde las características particulares de la situación de la discapacidad con el fin de lograr la equidad y la incorporación al desarrollo de este importante grupo poblacional. Por ello no bastan las medidas de rehabilitación, sino que se requiere un gran esfuerzo colectivo para transformar actitudes y derribar barreras que impiden la plena integración de las personas con discapacidad a la sociedad y que se le permita tener una visión holística de las características de la población con restricciones de la participación y limitaciones de la actividad, pero esto, no solamente se encuentra la perspecitva de la salud, sino también desde la educación y el acceso al trabajo, así como la accesibilidad a espacios públicos.

People with disabilities before the days of modern rehabilitation medicine: did they pave the way?

Prior to the historical appearance of modern comprehensive rehabilitation medicine, people with disabilities were treated at their families' residence or by religious establishments. It is interesting to note some famous severely disabled who succeeded not only to survive against all odds but rather to contribute to their societies and to enter the pages of encyclopedias. The following case studies are randomly selected to reflect the historical position on disability and rehabilitation. The stories of Claudius, Herman von Reichenau, Gottfried von- Berlichingen, Georges Couthon, Aleijadinho, are given along with information on some other famous rulers, Kings and Popes who suffered from various disabilities and deformities.

[Deafness and multihandicap]. / Surdité et multihandicap.

'Deafness' and 'Handicaps' are concepts which have not only evolved separately throughout the years, but also together in a mutual relationship. Defining them in a social rather than a medical field raises certain questions. Is Deafness a Handicap? Do its consequences constitute a multihandicap? Mother and Child Interaction studies show risk of an impairment to this relationship, and thus a possible psycho-affective disorder for the child's development.

Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita, AD 1156.

A case of arthrogryposis multiplex congenita in an eight-year-old girl was recounted by Thomas of Monmouth in a mid twelfth-century English hagiographic narrative, The Life and Miracles of St William of Norwich. The child had deformities of both hands and both feet at birth, and she developed torticollis and probably had some degree of hypotonia. She needed total care, her family took her to the tomb of St William in the cathedral at Norwich. This visit produced some sort of improvement in her health. Her parents, seeking a miracle, were satisfied that one had occurred.

[Neurorehabilitation: yesterday, today and tomorrow]. / Neurorehabilitation: gestern, heute und morgen.

Rehabilitation has its roots in the so called "care for cripples", later on in the postcare of war victims. It is a new way that neurologists do a specialized task within rehabilitation. Increasing lifepan furthermore gives a great overweight to cerebrovascular patients for rehabilitations. Only a holistic aspect can coop with this new challenges. It has to regard the patient and his family as well as to create new ways in social politics. The "Vorarlberger Modelle" (organized by Barolin) has not only given postulates, but practically shown new ways for rehabilitation in the future.

[Between fear and pity: some socio-historical aspects of disability]. / Entre la peur et la pitié: quelques aspects socio-historiques de l'infirmité.

Disability, like sickness, is not merely a physical condition, the state of an individual's body. It is also a collective status that relates the disabled person to Society. We analyze the evolution of this social status and we see how the perception of this phenomenon has changed over the ages. From this historical overview, the continuity as well as the discontinuity in changes can be observed, the changes that affect the institutions, values and conceptions having to do with disability.

[The beginnings of care for cripples in Lower Franconia and its development into the modern rehabilitation of the physically handicapped]. / Die Anfänge der Krüppelfürsorge in Unterfranken und ihre Entwicklung zur modernen Rehabilitation Körperbehinderter.

On the example of Lower Franconia, a predominantly rural region which has maintained its boundaries in both world wars, the author describes the historical development of services for disabled persons since the beginning of this century. Jakob Riedinger may justly be termed the father of cripple care in Lower Franconia, having initiated the establishment, in 1910, of the first vocational rehabilitation facility for physically disabled people in Würzburg. Starting out from the provision of vocational services, further developments in particular after the 2nd world war entailed a growing recognition of the psychosocial situation of disabled persons as the basis of rehabilitative action. Several facilities have hence been established for providing holistic, early services for the physically disabled, where educators, physiotherapists, occupational and speech therapists, social workers and psychologists are involved, along with the orthopaedic doctor, in the care of physically disabled children and youths.