Decolonization as methodological innovation in counseling psychology: Method, power, and process in reclaiming American Indian therapeutic traditions.

Decolonization harbors great potential as a transformative methodological innovation for advancing social justice in counseling psychology. One domain of colonized knowledge with relevance for the field is therapeutic expertise in American Indian communities. In this article, I draw extensively on vignettes from the life narrative of a historical Aaniiih-Gros Ventre medicine man to reveal various facets of his healing practices. I do so as an illustrative case example of a decolonial reclamation of Indigenous therapeutic traditions for the discipline. In discussing method, power, and process in association with decolonization, I first summarize emergent divergences between Indigenous traditional healing and modern counseling based on excerpted vignettes. Then, I observe that method in pursuing decolonization through Indigenous therapeutic reclamation is currently open to various forms of qualitative inquiry, that power in pursuit of Indigenous therapeutic reclamation must appraise the role of therapeutic regimes in the creation of modern subjects, and that process in pursuit of Indigenous therapeutic reclamation must allow for decolonization to extend to the repatriation of Indigenous relationships to land. Finally, I gesture beyond the consideration of Indigenous therapeutic traditions to trace the profound implications of a decolonization agenda for knowledge, practice, and training in counseling psychology. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

Therapeutic Alliance Formation for Adolescents and Young Adults with Autism: Relation to Treatment Outcomes and Client Characteristics.

Therapeutic alliance may influence treatment outcomes for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The present study examined the trajectory of alliance, observationally-measured at four timepoints during a 16-week mindfulness-based treatment targeting emotion regulation problems in adolescents and young adults with ASD (n = 37, mean age = 15.28, 78.40% male). Variability in alliance as a function of client characteristics and the degree to which alliance predicted emotion regulation outcomes were assessed using parent-report forms. Results demonstrate that alliance fluctuates throughout treatment. Moreover, stronger alliance predicts decreased dysphoria at posttreatment. Results also suggest that increased ASD symptom severity and depression predict weaker alliance early and throughout treatment. Findings highlight a need for clinicians to consider the importance of developing strong alliance for clients with ASD.

A função constitutiva da voz e o poder da música no tratamento do autismo / La función constitutiva de la voz y el poder de la música en el tratamiento del autismo / The constitutive function of voice and the power of music in the treatment of autism

RESUMO. O artigo parte de uma experiência de pesquisa sobre o tratamento psicanalítico em grupo de crianças autistas, para refletir acerca da presença de mais de um analista no setting. A interação entre os analistas favorece uma abordagem não diretiva, permitindo à criança que ela se aproxime espontaneamente, sem ser forçada a um contato que pode ser sentido como extremamente angustiante pelo autista. Ademais, constatam-se os efeitos da voz como suporte para os próprios interventores, que dialogam, brincam e cantam entre eles, suscitando uma animação libidinal capaz de mobilizar a criança autista. A música que circula nas brincadeiras de roda veicula tanto aspectos simbólicos da cultura quanto o real do gozo de alíngua. Em um caso particular, a prosódia do canto mostrou-se uma forma imaginária específica de tratar a dimensão real da voz que invade o sujeito autista. Servindo-se de canções populares como objetos de mediação, foi possível orientar o tratamento a partir de uma solução que veio do próprio sujeito, que, antecipado neste ato, pode ouvir a invocação para advir. Evidencia-se assim, também no autismo, o papel do objeto pulsional voz para a constituição subjetiva.

RESUMEN. El artículo parte de una experiencia de investigación sobre el tratamiento psicoanalítico en grupo de niños autistas, para pensar se a propósito de la presencia de más de un analista en el setting. La interacción entre analistas favorece un abordaje no directivo, permitiendo que el niño se acerque espontáneamente, sin ser forzado a un contacto que puede ser extremadamente angustiante para el autista. Además, se constatan los efectos de la voz como soporte para los propios interventores, que dialogan, juegan y cantan entre sí, evocando una animación liminal capaz de movilizar el niño autista. La música que circula en las cirandas transmite tanto los aspectos simbólicos de la cultura cuanto el real del goce de la lengua. En un caso particular, la prosodia del canto se ha mostrado una forma imaginaria específica de tratar la dimensión real de la voz que invade el sujeto autista. Haciendo uso de canciones populares como objetos de mediación, fue posible guiar el tratamiento a partir de una solución proveniente del propio sujeto, que, anticipado en este acto, puede escuchar la invocación para venir a ser. Se evidencia así, también en el autismo, el papel del objeto pulsional voz para la constitución subjetiva.

ABSTRACT. Based on a research experience regarding the psychoanalytical group treatment of autistic children, the article reflects on the presence of more than one analyst in the setting. The interaction between analysts favors a non-directive approach, enabling the child to take action spontaneously, without being forced to a contact that can be extremely unsettling for the autist. Furthermore, one observes the effects of voice as a support for the caretakers, who talk, play and sing with each other, eliciting a libidinal excitement able to involve the autistic child. The music that reverberates through the circle games transmits both the symbolic aspects of culture and the real of la langue's jouissance. In a particular case, the singing prosody revealed itself to be a specific imaginary way to treat the real of voice which invades the autistic subject. Using folk songs as mediation objects, it was possible to conceive a treatment direction that took into account a solution that sprung from the subject, who, anticipated in this act, can hear the invocation to arise. Thus, one evidences, also in autism, the role of voice as pulsional object in the subjective constitution.

Cuidados paliativos na terminalidade: revisão integrativa no campo da psicologia hospitalar / Psychological assistance for end-of-life patients under palliative care in the hospital environment: an integrative review / Atención paliativa en terminalidad: revisión integrativa en el campo de la psicología hospitalaria

Objective: This study sought to analyze scientific publications on the psychologists' role in providing assistance for terminal patients under PC. Methods: This integrative review was carried out from June to August 2019 by searching online databases. The following Descritores da Ciência da Saúde (DeCS) [Health Science Descriptors] were used: Psychology, terminal patient, palliative care, terminal care, and review. These descriptors were combined using the Boolean operator "AND" with the purpose of refining search results. Results: The analysis of 15 publications allowed the emergence of two categories: "Forms of psychological interventions targeting patients and their relatives from the perspective of terminality and "Benefits of the psychologist's action for the end-of-life patient under PC". Conclusion: The number of studies on the subject was scarce, which justifies the need for further research to extend the knowledge about psychological assistance for end-of-life patients under palliative care

Objetivo: Analisar artigos publicados acerca da atuação do psicólogo voltada ao paciente terminal em cuidados paliativos. Métodos: revisão integrativa com coleta de dados, feita entre junho e agosto de 2019, em bibliotecas digitais e bases de dados. Foram utilizados os descritores (DeCS): Psicologia, Doente Terminal, Cuidados Paliativos, Assistência Terminal e Revisão, associados pelo operador "AND" com a finalidade de refinar os artigos para responder ao objetivo do estudo. Resultados: mediante análise de 15 publicações criaram-se duas categorias: formas de intervenção psicológica, direcionada ao paciente e à família, frente à terminalidade, e benefícios da atuação do psicólogo para o paciente em fim de vida no contexto dos cuidados paliativos. Conclusão: foi verificada a escassez de estudos sobre a temática, o que justifica a necessidade de novas pesquisas, que ampliem os conhecimentos acerca do atendimento psicológico aos pacientes em cuidados paliativos na terminalidade

Objetivo: Analizar artículos publicados sobre el conocimiento producido sobre el papel del psicólogo del paciente terminal en cuidados paliativos. Métodos: revisión integral con recolección de datos, realizada entre junio y agosto de 2019, en bibliotecas digitales y bases de datos. Se utilizaron los descriptores (DeCS): Psicología, Enfermedad terminal, Cuidados paliativos, Cuidado Terminal y Revisión, asociados por el operador "Y" con el fin de refinar los artículos para cumplir con el objetivo del estudio. Resultados: mediante el análisis de 15 publicaciones se crearon dos categorías: formas de intervención psicológica, dirigidas al paciente y la familia, frente a la terminalidad, y los beneficios del desempeño del psicólogo para el paciente al final de la vida en el contexto de los cuidados paliativos. Conclusión: se verificó la escasez de estudios sobre el tema, lo que justifica la necesidad de realizar más investigaciones para ampliar el conocimiento sobre la atención psicológica a los pacientes con cuidados paliativos con enfermedades terminales

Comparison of YouthCHAT, an Electronic Composite Psychosocial Screener, With a Clinician Interview Assessment for Young People: Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Psychosocial problems such as depression, anxiety, and substance abuse are common and burdensome in young people. In New Zealand, screening for such problems is undertaken routinely only with year 9 students in low-decile schools and opportunistically in pediatric settings using a nonvalidated and time-consuming clinician-administered Home, Education, Eating, Activities, Drugs and Alcohol, Sexuality, Suicide and Depression, Safety (HEEADSSS) interview. The Youth version, Case-finding and Help Assessment Tool (YouthCHAT) is a relatively new, locally developed, electronic tablet-based composite screener for identifying similar psychosocial issues to HEEADSSS. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the performance and acceptability of YouthCHAT with face-to-face HEEADSSS assessment among 13-year-old high school students. METHODS: A counterbalanced randomized trial of YouthCHAT screening either before or after face-to-face HEEADSSS assessment was undertaken with 129 13-year-old New Zealand high school students of predominantly Maori and Pacific Island ethnicity. Main outcome measures were comparability of YouthCHAT and HEEADSSS completion times, detection rates, and acceptability to students and school nurses. RESULTS: YouthCHAT screening was more than twice as fast as HEEADSSS assessment (mean 8.57 min vs mean 17.22 min; mean difference 8 min 25 seconds [range 6 min 20 seconds to 11 min 10 seconds]; P<.01) and detected more issues overall on comparable domains. For substance misuse and problems at home, both instruments were roughly comparable. YouthCHAT detected significantly more problems with eating or body image perception (70/110, 63.6% vs 25/110, 22.7%; P<.01), sexual health (24/110, 21.8% vs 10/110, 9.1%; P=.01), safety (65/110, 59.1% vs 17/110, 15.5%; P<.01), and physical inactivity (43/110, 39.1% vs 21/110, 19.1%; P<.01). HEEADSSS had a greater rate of detection for a broader set of mental health issues (30/110, 27%) than YouthCHAT (11/110, 10%; P=.001), which only assessed clinically relevant anxiety and depression. Assessment order made no significant difference to the duration of assessment or to the rates of YouthCHAT-detected positive screens for anxiety and depression. There were no significant differences in student acceptability survey results between the two assessments. Nurses identified that students found YouthCHAT easy to answer and that it helped students answer face-to-face questions, especially those of a sensitive nature. Difficulties encountered with YouthCHAT included occasional Wi-Fi connectivity and student literacy issues. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides preliminary evidence regarding the shorter administration time, detection rates, and acceptability of YouthCHAT as a school-based psychosocial screener for young people. Although further research is needed to confirm its effectiveness in other age and ethnic groups, YouthCHAT shows promise for aiding earlier identification and treatment of common psychosocial problems in young people, including possible use as part of an annual, school-based, holistic health check. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Network Registry (ACTRN) ACTRN12616001243404p; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=371422.

Multimorbidity: Implications and directions for health psychology and behavioral medicine.

The increasing prevalence of multimorbidity in the United States and the rest of the world poses problems for patients and for health care providers, care systems, and policy. After clarifying the difference between comorbidity and multimorbidity, this article describes the challenges that the prevalence of multimorbidity presents for well-being, prevention, and medical treatment. We submit that health psychology and behavioral medicine have an important role to play in meeting these challenges because of the holistic vision of health afforded by the foundational biopsychosocial model. Furthermore, opportunities abound for health psychology/behavioral medicine to study how biological, social and psychological factors influence multimorbidity. This article describes three major areas in which health psychologists can contribute to understanding and treatment of multimorbidity: (a) etiology; (b) prevention and self-management; and (c) clinical care. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

Indigenizing and Decolonizing the Teaching of Psychology: Reflections on the Role of the Non-Indigenous Ally.

Canada's 2015 Truth and Reconciliation Commission published 94 Calls to Action including direction to post-secondary institutions "to integrate Indigenous knowledge and teaching methods into classrooms" as well as to "build student capacity for intercultural understanding, empathy, and mutual respect." In response, Canadian universities have rushed to "Indigenize" and are now competing to hire Indigenous faculty, from a limited pool of applicants. However, it is missing the true spirit of reconciliation for non-Indigenous faculty to continue with the status quo while assigning the sole responsibility of Indigenizing curriculum to these new hires. How can non-Indigenous psychology professors change their teaching to ensure that all students acquire an appreciation of traditional Indigenous knowledge about holistic health and healing practices, as well as an understanding of Canada's history of racist colonization practices and its intergenerational effects? Community psychologists, particularly those who have established relationships with Indigenous communities, have an important role to play. In this article, I survey the existing literature on Indigenizing and decolonizing psychological curriculum and share ways in which I have integrated Indigenous content into my psychology courses. I also reflect upon the successes, questions, and ongoing challenges that have emerged as I worked in collaboration with first Anisinaabek First Nations and then Mi'kmaw/L'nu First Nations.

The extended nervous system: affect regulation, somatic and social change processes associated with mindful parenting.

BACKGROUND: A theoretical model of mindful parenting has the potential to succinctly summarise its various change processes. The primary aim of this study was to investigate some of the change processes associated with mindful parenting, namely, the affect regulation, somatic and social change processes. A secondary aim was to verify whether clinical insights are consistent with the change processes identified in a systematic review of mindful parenting. METHOD: Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was used to analyse semi-structured interviews with four Australian clinicians delivering Mindful Parenting (MP) programs. The clinicians had extensive personal meditation practice. This qualitative study is part of a mixed methods study, which commenced with a quantitative systematic review. RESULTS: Six higher-order themes identified as change processes included reflective functioning, attachment, cognitive, affective, somatic and social change processes. CONCLUSION: The anchor is a new theoretical model summarising the change processes associated with mindful parenting. The mother portrayed as the extended nervous system for the infant is a neologism that also has not been previously mentioned in the literature. Given the limitations with the small sample and potential bias with interpretation, the anchor is a starting point to developing a theoretical model of mindful parenting. Future research with larger sample sizes and objective measures is needed to confirm whether the anchor is a reasonable summary of the change processes.

Integrative Approaches to Managing Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: the Role of Nutrition, Exercise, and Psychological Interventions.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) have a high symptom burden that affects functional status, emotional well-being, and quality of life for patients. Symptom control continues to be a challenging therapeutic goal despite available pharmacologic interventions. The goal of this review is to detail recent efforts that have focused on non-pharmacologic interventions, such as wholistic or integrative medicine, as an adjunctive method to alter symptom burden in this population. RECENT FINDINGS: We discuss the ongoing physical, nutritional, and psychological interventional efforts which represent promising non-traditional interventions to date to help reduce symptom in MPN patients. In this article, we highlight the early promising data and importance of these various non-pharmacological interventions to dampen symptom burden and reduce disease-related inflammation. Nonpharmacologic interventions represent promising therapeutic strategies to alter traditional MPN treatment paradigms and improve MPN patient care.

Diversity and social justice in disability: The heart and soul of rehabilitation psychology.

Rehabilitation psychology uniquely incorporates a holistic, psychosocial perspective encompassing all aspects of disability, with a particular focus on the connection between disabled people and the social environment. This article introduces a special issue of Rehabilitation Psychology on diversity and social justice in disability research. The 13 articles in this special issue coalesce around the 3 themes of (a) critical disability identity theory, (b) discrimination and prejudice, and (c) health disparities in the context of disability. This article introduces each of these articles and draws upon the work contained in this special issue to highlight important future directions for research on diversity and social justice in disability across the following areas: (a) nondisabled privilege, (b) rehabilitation versus cure versus adjustment, (c) diverse modes of knowing, and (d) a priori diversity and strength-based measures. This special issue helps rehabilitation psychologists consider how they can best fulfill their social justice, human rights, and advocacy missions in order to advance access and inclusion with and for diverse groups of disabled people. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

Developmental social vulnerability as the intrinsic origin of psychopathology: A paradigm shift from disease entities to psychiatric derivatives within human diversity.

How a social episode is perceived by a person and how the experience affects her/his subsequent behaviors will inevitably and sometimes accidentally vary in each case on the developmental trajectory from the birth of consciousness to death. Both the preceding developmental conditions and the social impact of the episode become a starting point for the following states of human complex conditions, creating the extraordinary diversity that characterizes our complex society. In this evolutionarily carved landscape, genetic factors including stochastic epistasis, environmental modification, and gene-environment interactions are all active. In these processes, interactions between developmental social vulnerability and environmental influences can lead to the emergence and persistence of some derivative states with social maladaptation. In our model, every psychiatric condition including aberrant paranoid-hallucinatory states is classified as a derivative state. The probability distribution curve for these derivative states has a non-linear relationship with the liability in the population, and there is none with probability 1.0 or zero. Individuals with trivial social vulnerability or high resilience may develop the derivative states in tremendously stressful circumstances, and individuals with huge social vulnerability may not necessarily develop the derivative states in the presence of adequate social supports. Social skillfulness/unskillfulness and behavioral flexibility/inflexibility form the core of the vulnerability-related dimensions. The clinical picture of a derivative manifestation is profiled depending on the individual trait levels in the derivative-related dimensions. Each derivative state has a requisite lineup of dimensions and each dimension can contribute to multiple psychiatric conditions. For example, aberrant paranoid-hallucinatory states and bipolar condition may share some developmental conditions as the derivative-related dimensions. Therefore, multiple derivative states can co-occur or be sequentially comorbid. Although the 'learned strategies' can ostensibly mask the clinical manifestation of developmental deviations, the change of the true dimensional position to the socially skillful direction is efficiently obtained through social experiences in a supportive environment. The liability-probability model makes it impossible to discriminate individuals with psychiatric diagnosis from individuals without the diagnosis and allows all of us to reside in the same human complex diversity.

Protocol for a feasibility and acceptability study using a brief ACT-based intervention for people from Southwest Wales who live with persistent pain.

INTRODUCTION: Persistent pain affects a large percentage of the UK population and its burden has wide ramifications that affect physical, psychological, socioeconomic and occupational status. Pain has a significant impact on people's well-being and quality of life. Some of the most common comorbidities found in this population are depression and anxiety and also maladaptive behaviours such as fear avoidance and catastrophising. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This is a protocol for a study assessing the feasibility and acceptability of a novel Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)-based intervention for people from Southwest Wales who live with persistent pain. A group of 12 participants will be recruited through the Health and Wellbeing Academy (Swansea University). After being referred by an Osteopath, and attending a brief meeting with the researcher, the participants will take part in six sessions over six consecutive weeks. 'A Mindful Act' is an ACT-based group programme aiming to teach people how to develop more acceptance and self-compassion, be more mindful and clarify personal values in order to live a more rich and meaningful life. The main outcomes will include the feasibility of the recruitment process and the measurement tools, the acceptability of the intervention for both the participants and the Osteopaths and the adherence to the programme. In order to measure acceptability of the intervention, qualitative interviews will be conducted to provide an insight into peoples' experiences of taking part. Data will be analysed using Thematic Analysis, with the use of NVIVO 10. In addition, quantitative data will be collected at baseline, on completion of the programme and at 1 month and 3 months follow-up to reveal any differences in psychological flexibility, depression, anxiety, fear avoidance and general health status. The findings will help enhance the intervention by making appropriate modifications to the processes and procedures involved, following the recommendations made by the Medical Research Council framework. A larger scale study is envisaged to follow, in order to investigate the full effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of 'A Mindful Act'. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study was approved by the College of Human and Health Sciences Research Ethics Committee at Swansea University in December 2017. The findings will be disseminated through various means including: the first author's PhD thesis, peer-reviewed journals as well as well as national and international conferences and public events.

The Effectiveness of Technology-Mediated Dance Interventions and Their Impact on Psychosocial Factors in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Engaging in physical activity contributes to healthy aging; however, adherence to exercise programs is often low among older adults. Technology-mediated dance systems, which can be used at home, and dance as a way of keeping physically active have been receiving attention as a means of not only enabling physical activity among older people but may also address key psychosocial factors that are amenable to change. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness of technology-mediated dance interventions and their impact on psychosocial factors in older adults (aged 65 or older). METHODS: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials from January 2000 to February 2017 using key search terms. Two independent reviewers screened articles using predetermined selection criteria. Risk of bias of selected articles was assessed in accordance with the Cochrane guidelines. RESULTS: From an overall 264 articles, six articles (five studies) were found, which assessed the impact of technology-mediated dance interventions on psychosocial factors in older adults. Studies' quality ratings were low, with exception of one study that was considered of moderate quality. None of the studies considered psychosocial factors as primary outcomes. Secondary outcomes assessed fear of falling, depression, and training enjoyment, but no study showed evidence of an effective impact on these variables. The meta-analysis revealed low quality evidence that there was little or no difference above that of the comparison groups for fear of falling (standardized mean difference [SMD] -0.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.37 to 0.33; P = 0.91; five trials). Similarly, there was little or no difference on depression (SMD -0.06, 95% CI -0.59 to 0.47; P = 0.83; three trials). CONCLUSION: Existing evidence to support the effectiveness of technology-mediated dance interventions and their impact on psychosocial factors in older adults is weak and with a high risk for bias. The findings of this review may inform future, more rigorous research in the area.

Benchmark validation of statistical models: Application to mediation analysis of imagery and memory.

This article describes benchmark validation, an approach to validating a statistical model. According to benchmark validation, a valid model generates estimates and research conclusions consistent with a known substantive effect. Three types of benchmark validation-(a) benchmark value, (b) benchmark estimate, and (c) benchmark effect-are described and illustrated with examples. Benchmark validation methods are especially useful for statistical models with assumptions that are untestable or very difficult to test. Benchmark effect validation methods were applied to evaluate statistical mediation analysis in eight studies using the established effect that increasing mental imagery improves recall of words. Statistical mediation analysis led to conclusions about mediation that were consistent with established theory that increased imagery leads to increased word recall. Benchmark validation based on established substantive theory is discussed as a general way to investigate characteristics of statistical models and a complement to mathematical proof and statistical simulation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).

Quality Improvement in Health Care: The Role of Psychologists and Psychology.

Quality Improvement (QI) is a health care interprofessional team activity wherein psychology as a field and individual psychologists in health care settings can and should adopt a more robust presence. The current article makes the argument for why psychology's participation in QI is good for health care, is good for our profession, and is the right thing to do for the patients and families we serve. It reviews the varied ways individual psychologists and our profession can integrate quality processes and improve health care through: (1) our approach to our daily work; (2) our roles on health care teams and involvement in organizational initiatives; (3) opportunities for teaching and scholarship; and (4) system redesign and advocacy within our health care organizations and health care environment.

Leadership Perspectives on Integrating Psychologists into Specialty Care Clinics: An Evolving Paradigm.

Integration of health psychologists into specialty care is a shift in the tertiary care construct that addresses all aspects of a patient's presentation, including psychiatric/social history, psychological well-being, and behavioral contributions to the disease process, assuring both optimal health outcomes and cost-effectiveness in a financially challenging healthcare environment. In this paper, we discuss leadership perspectives (physician and psychologists) on the factors involved in integrating a health psychologist into a busy tertiary care environment. Ultimately, we hope that this information provides a primer on how to frame a proposal for an integrated health psychologist emphasizing the elements important to senior medical leadership and administration. First, we briefly discuss the current payer framework, providing support for integration emphasizing costs and other metrics. Second, we introduce organizational structure models and strategies for integration. Lastly, we will discuss the unique skillset psychologists possess, and additional skills necessary, to be effective in the changing landscape of healthcare. We think this information is important both for leaders attempting to integrate a health psychologist into specialty care and for the early career health psychologist embarking on his/her first senior staff position.

La sugestión en una etapa del sueño para el tratamiento de hábitos bucales deformantes / The suggestion in a stage of sleep for the treatment of oral deforming habits

En su labor diaria el estomatólogo atiende a los niños con hábitos bucales deformantes y debe tratar sus causas. Por tanto, requiere conocimientos sobre la psicología infantil y de aspectos relacionados con hábitos.Aplicar la sugestión en la fase de sueño con movimientos oculares rápidos como técnica sugestiva por parte de la familia, para controlar estos hábitos bucales deformantes en edades tempranas, teniendo en cuenta la prevalencia de hábitos bucales deformantes en la muestra, su distribución según el sexo y la edad, la relación entre la influencia familiar y la eliminación de hábitos bucales deformantes.Se realizó un estudio longitudinal y prospectivo en la población de 2 a 18 años de los consultorios 15 y 16 del policlínico universitario Luis Augusto Turcios Lima de Pinar del Río, desde septiembre de 2011 a febrero de 2012. El universo estuvo integrado por 33 pacientes, de ellos, se seleccionaron 20 los que practicaban hábitos deformantes. Para el análisis de la información, se aplicó el método estadístico descriptivo y porcentual. El procesamiento de los datos se realizó mediante el sistema estadístico SPSS/PC.El hábito deformante más frecuente fue el empuje lingual. El grupo de edades entre 5-9 años fue el más afectado. Se comprobó un cambio favorable en el estado de salud de los niños al disminuir la práctica de hábitos bucales deformantes.La aplicabilidad de la terapia aplicada fue buena en más de la mitad de la muestra(AU)

The routine of dentistry comprises children assistance with oral deforming habits which causes should be treated. Therefore, knowledge acquisition regarding children psychology and aspects related to these habits are necessary. The objective was to apply suggestion (by the family) during the stage of sleep with Rapid Eye Movement (REM) as a suggestive technique to control deforming habits in early ages, considering the prevalence of deforming oral habits in the sample taken, its distribution according to sex and age, relationship with family influence to make possible the elimination of deforming oral habits. A longitudinal and prospective study was conducted in a population from 2 to 18 years old during September 2011 to February 2012 belonging to Luis Augusto Turcios Polyclinic. The target group was comprised of 33 patients, choosing 20 of them with oral deforming habits. To carry out the analysis of the information, descriptive and percentage statistical methods were applied. The data collected was processed by means of SPSS/PC statistical system.Results: tongue thrustwas the most frequent deforming habits. Ages between 5-9 years old were the most affected, observing a favorable modification in the health status of children when the practice of oral deforming habits diminished. The application of this therapy was good in more than the half of the sample(AU)

Religion, spirituality and therapy: implications for training.

Religion and spirituality are recognized coping resources but are neglected in psychological training and practice. However, religion and spirituality can be successfully used to cope with psychological disorders, prevent unhealthy behaviors and promote resilience. This study explored and described two questions regarding the concepts of the terminology religion and spirituality, and the perceptions of the use of religion and spirituality in therapy. Purposive sampling was utilized in a qualitative study of 15 registered psychologists, and data were analyzed using Tesch's model of qualitative content analysis. The concepts religion and spirituality appear difficult to define but the importance of their use as coping mechanisms in their own and their clients' lives was recognized. These findings have implications for professional training.

Mindful art.

Bullot & Reber (B&R) begin asking if the study of the mind's inner life can provide a foundation for a science of art. Clearly there are many epistemological problems involved in the study of the cognitive and affective basis of art appreciation. I argue that context is key. I also propose that as long as the "mind's life" continues to be perceived as an "inner" intracranial phenomenon, little progress can be made. Mind and art are one.