RESUMO
Ganoderma lucidum is a medicinal mushroom exhibiting numerous health benefits primarily based on strong immunostimulatory effects. The study aimed to investigate if there were differences in effects of extracts of commercially (GC) and alternatively (wheat straw) (GA) cultivated G. lucidum basidiocarps on properties of peritoneal macrophages (PM) and monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs). Differences in immunomodulatory effects of GC/GA extracts were studied. The viability of treated PMs, their adhesive and phagocytic capability, and their capacity to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and NO were tested. Immature MoDCs generated from human monocytes were treated with poly I:C (10.0 µg/ml) and loxoribine (34.0 µg/ml), a selective TLR3 and TLR7 agonists, respectively, and with/without GC/GA extract (100.0 µg/ml). The effect of each combination on phenotypic properties, cytokines production by MoDCs, and their proliferation and Th polarizing capacity was studied. GA extract stimulated the metabolic and phagocytic activity of PMs, their adhesion capability, and ability to produce ROS and NO more strongly compared to GC. Both tested extracts significantly increased allostimulatory and Th1 polarization capacity of simultaneous TLR3 and TLR7-activated MoDCs, but GA extract was more effective. The extract of alternatively cultivated G. lucidum basidiocarps increased production of ROS and NO by TLR4 stimulated PMs and upregulated production of certain cytokines as well as allostimulatory and Th1 polarization capacity of MoDCs. GA extract could be a potent immunostimulatory agent for activation of MoDCs with the simultaneous engagement of TLRs, which seems to be a promising strategy for the preparation of DC-based anti-tumor vaccines.
Assuntos
Agaricales , Reishi , Citocinas , Carpóforos/química , Humanos , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/análise , Reishi/química , Receptor 3 Toll-Like/análise , Receptor 7 Toll-Like/análiseRESUMO
Atractylodis Rhizoma is a traditional medicinal herb, which has antibacterial, antiviral, antiinflammatory and antiallergic, anticancer, gastroprotective and neuroprotective activities. It is widely used for treating fever, cold, phlegm, edema and arthralgia syndrome in SouthEast Asian nations. In this study, 6 chemical compositions of Atractylodis Rhizoma were characterized by spectral analysis and their antiviral activities were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Among them, atractylon showed most significant antiviral activities. Atractylon treatment at doses of 1040 mg/kg for 5 days attenuated influenza A virus (IAV)induced pulmonary injury and decreased the serum levels of interleukin (IL)6, tumor necrosis factorα and IL1ß, but increased interferonß (IFNß) levels. Atractylon treatment upregulated the expression of Τolllike receptor 7 (TLR7), MyD88, tumor necrosis factor receptorassociated factor 6 and IFNß mRNA but downregulated nuclear factorκB p65 protein expression in the lung tissues of IAVinfected mice. These results demonstrated that atractylon significantly alleviated IAVinduced lung injury via regulating the TLR7 signaling pathway, and may warrant further evaluation as a possible agent for IAV treatment.