The effect of different concentrations of topical ozone administration on bone formation in orthopedically expanded suture in rats.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different concentrations of ozone (O3) therapy on bone regeneration in response to an expansion of the inter-premaxillary suture in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-eight Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 12). In groups I, II, and III, 1ml of O3 at 10, 25, and 40 µg/ml was injected at the premaxillary suture, respectively. In group IV (control group), 1ml of saline solution was injected at the same point during the expansion procedure for 5 days. Bone regeneration in the suture was evaluated histomorphometrically. The area of new bone and fibrotic area, the number of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, and the amount of vascularity were measured and compared. The density of the newly formed bone in the expansion area was measured by using cone beam computed tomography. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance and post hoc Student-Newman-Keuls tests. RESULTS: New bone area, fibrotic area, osteoblast and osteoclast numbers, and the amount of vascularity were significantly higher in experimental groups compared with the control group (P < 0.001). The density of newly formed bone (P < 0.001), new bone formation (P = 0.009), number of capillaries (P < 0.001), number of osteoclasts (P = 0.016), and number of osteoblasts (P < 0.001) in the maxillary sutures were highest in the 25 µg/ml O3 group compared with the other experimental groups and control group. CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS: The application of O3 therapy can stimulate bone regeneration in an orthopedically expanded inter-premaxillary suture during both the expansion and retention periods.

Histomorphometric and microtomographic evaluation of the effects of hyperbaric oxygen and systemic ozone, used alone and in combination, on calvarial defect healing in rats.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen and systemic ozone, used separately and in combination, on the healing of bone defects. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups (n = 15) according to treatment (control, hyperbaric oxygen [HBO], ozone [O], and HBO plus O [HBO-O]) and divided further into 3 subgroups according to day of sacrifice (postsurgical days 5, 15, and 30). Surgery was performed under general anesthesia to create a critical-size bone defect (5 mm in diameter) in the cranium. After sacrifice, microtomographic images of all samples were recorded, and histomorphometric analysis was performed. RESULTS: Histologic and radiologic measurements showed that the values of all experimental groups were higher than those of the control group. Histologic scores for all experimental groups were statistically higher than those for the control group day 30 (O, P = .045; HBO, P = .049; HBO-O, P = .042). Histologic scores also were statistically higher for the HBO group on day 5 (P = .045) and day 15 (P = .009) compared with the control group. Microtomographic scores were higher for the experimental groups than for the control group, with statistically significant differences for group O on day 5 (P = .033) and day 30 (P = .0045) and for group HBO on day 15 (P = .005). Histologic and radiologic analyses showed positive correlations. CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of this study, the use of hyperbaric oxygen and ozone, separately and in combination, were shown to be effective in increasing bone healing. Combined usage was no more effective in stimulating bone healing than separate usage.

Light maxillary expansion forces with the magnetic expansion device. A preliminary investigation.

An active maxillary magnetic expansion device (MED) was developed to be used clinically. The aim was to show the effects of light and continuous forces producing less traumatic stimulation of maxillary sutural growth than a conventional rapid maxillary expansion device. In this study, two different types of appliances were used on six patients between 7 years 4 months and 16 years 2 months: the first type was bonded, the other one used bands. For better appreciation, four implants were placed on each patient: two apically between central and lateral incisors, and two between second premolars and molars. A standardized radiographic technique was used to take occlusal radiographs, and postero-anterior and lateral headplates. The results varied according to the age and the appliance used. The skeletal effect with the banded MED was between 16 and 77 per cent, and for the bonded MED 0 and 25 per cent in comparison to the overall expansion. It seems that 250-500 g of continuous magnetic forces can produce dental and skeletal movements in a light force expansion concept, but further studies with larger samples are needed to make firm conclusions.

Premature cranial synostosis in X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets: possible precipitation by 1-alpha-OH-cholecalciferol intoxication.

A child suffering from X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets developed vitamin D intoxication under treatment with 1-alpha-OH-cholecalciferol (1(OH)D3) and phosphorus. Beside the usual findings in this condition he showed precocious synostosis of the skull with signs of raised intracranial pressure. In view of earlier reports of coincidence of craniostenosis and X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets, we conclude that the possibility exists that intoxication with 1(OH)D3 has been the precipitating factor. In addition we found hypersensitivity to 1(OH)D3 2 months after cessation of treatment, and normal levels of calcitriol (1,25(OH)2D3) at the same time.