Intervenções psicológicas necessárias: a prática como residente no serviço de medicina fetal / Necessary psychological interventions: the practice as a resident in the fetal medicine service / Intervenciones psicológicas necesarias: la práctica como residente en el servicio de medicina fetal

Com os avanços tecnológicos e o aprimoramento da prática médica via ultrassonografia, já é possível detectar possíveis problemas no feto desde a gestação. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a prática do psicólogo no contexto de gestações que envolvem riscos fetais. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo sob formato de relato de experiência como psicólogo residente no Serviço de Medicina Fetal da Maternidade Escola da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). Os registros, feitos por observação participante e diário de campo, foram analisados em dois eixos temáticos: 1) intervenções psicológicas no trabalho em equipe em consulta de pré-natal, exame de ultrassonografia e procedimento de amniocentese; e 2) intervenções psicológicas em casos de bebês incompatíveis com a vida. Os resultados indicaram que o psicólogo nesse serviço é essencial para atuar de forma multiprofissional na assistência pré-natal para gravidezes de alto risco fetal. Ademais, a preceptoria do residente é relevante para sua formação e treinamento para atuação profissional no campo da psicologia perinatal.(AU)

Face to the technological advances and the improvement of medical practice via ultrasound, it is already possible to detect possible problems in the fetus since pregnancy. The objective of this study was to analyze the psychologist's practice in the context of pregnancies which involve fetal risks. It is a qualitative study based on an experience report as a psychologist trainee at the Fetal Medicine Service of the Maternity School of UFRJ. The records, based on the participant observation and field diary, were analyzed in two thematic axes: 1) psychological interventions in the teamwork in the prenatal attendance, ultrasound examination and amniocentesis procedure; and 2) psychological interventions in cases of babies incompatible to the life. The results indicated that the psychologist in this service is essential to work in a multidisciplinary way at the prenatal care for high fetal risk pregnancies. Furthermore, the resident's preceptorship is relevant to their education and training for professional performance in the field of Perinatal Psychology.(AU)

Con los avances tecnológicos y la mejora de la práctica médica a través de la ecografía, ya se puede detectar posibles problemas en el feto desde el embarazo. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la práctica del psicólogo en el contexto de embarazos de riesgos fetal. Es un estudio cualitativo basado en un relato de experiencia como residente de psicología en el Servicio de Medicina Fetal de la Escuela de Maternidad de la Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). Los registros, realizados en la observación participante y el diario de campo, se analizaron en dos ejes temáticos: 1) intervenciones psicológicas en el trabajo en equipo, en la consulta prenatal, ecografía y los procedimientos de amniocentesis; y 2) intervenciones psicológicas en casos de bebés incompatibles con la vida. Los resultados señalaron como fundamental la presencia del psicólogo en este servicio trabajando de forma multidisciplinar en la atención prenatal en el contexto de embarazos de alto riesgo fetal. Además, la tutela del residente es relevante para su educación y formación para el desempeño profesional en el campo de la Psicología Perinatal.(AU)

Uma leitura teórico-clínica de uma análise: o fato clínico como operador metodológico / A theoretical-clinical reading of an analysis: the clinical fact as a methodological operator / Una lectura teórico-clinica del análisis: el hecho clínico como herramienta metodológica

O presente artigo é oriundo de pesquisa acadêmica que teve como objetivo estudar a clínica psicanalítica e seus efeitos por meio da apresentação de fragmentos de uma análise já encerrada. Para alcançar esse objetivo, utilizamos a ferramenta metodológica do fato clínico, articulando o material clínico com alguns pontos da teoria psicanalítica. Como resultado, apontamos que é possível fazer uma leitura teórico-clínica de uma experiência de análise sob a perspectiva dos movimentos discursivos, em especial do sujeito do inconsciente ($) e do objeto a, conforme apresentados na proposição dos Quatro Discursos de Lacan. Acreditamos que este estudo enfatiza a importância da especificidade da pesquisa em psicanálise em sua dimensão clínica e os possíveis efeitos produzidos por esse processo terapêutico. Dessa maneira, entendemos que a divulgação deste trabalho pode contribuir para a discussão da prática clínica entre colegas do campo psicanalítico e acadêmico, bem como para a difícil tarefa da apresentação do material clínico com a sustentação teórica necessária, a fim de fortalecermos a sempre fundamental transmissão da psicanálise.(AU)

This article comes from academic research that aimed to study the psychoanalytic clinic and its effects by presenting fragments of an analysis that has already ended. To achieve this goal, we used the methodological tool of the clinical fact, articulating the clinical material with some points of psychoanalytic theory. As a result, we point out that it is possible to make a theoretical-clinical reading of an analysis experience from the perspective of discursive movements, in particular, the subject of the unconscious ($) and of the object a, as presented in the proposition of Lacan's Four Discourses. We believe that this study emphasizes the importance of the specificity of research in psychoanalysis in its clinical dimension and the possible effects produced by this therapeutic process. In this way, we understand that the dissemination of this work can contribute to the discussion of clinical practice among colleagues in the psychoanalytic and academic fields, as well as to the difficult task of presenting clinical material with the necessary theoretical support, to strengthen the always fundamental transmission of psychoanalysis.(AU)

Este artículo surge de una investigación académica que pretendió estudiar la clínica psicoanalítica y sus efectos mediante la presentación de fragmentos de un análisis que ya terminó. Para lograr este objetivo, se utilizó la herramienta metodológica del hecho clínico articulando el material clínico con algunos puntos de la teoría psicoanalítica. El resultado permite señalar que es posible realizar una lectura teórico-clínica de una experiencia de análisis desde la perspectiva de los movimientos discursivos, en particular el sujeto del inconsciente ($) y el objeto a, como se presenta en la proposición de los cuatro discursos de Lacan. Este estudio enfatiza la importancia de la especificidad de la investigación en psicoanálisis en su dimensión clínica y los posibles efectos que produce este proceso terapéutico. De esta forma, la difusión de este trabajo puede contribuir a la discusión de la práctica clínica entre colegas del campo psicoanalítico y académico, así como a la difícil tarea de presentar material clínico con el soporte teórico necesario para fortalecer la siempre fundamental transmisión del psicoanálisis.(AU)

Gazing Back, Playing Forward: Contemporary Psychoanalytic Musings on the Relational Essence of Hypnotherapeutic Action.

To build bridges between hypnosis and contemporary psychoanalysis, this article addresses how hypnosis, when used in psychotherapy, facilitates curative action through its relational essence. The author's extensive experience with hypnosis, psychotherapy, and psychoanalysis orient the narrative toward the unconscious patient-therapist interaction, with particular attention paid to the ethics of the inherent hypnotic seduction. Whether used primarily in relief-oriented ways or geared toward more transformative therapeutic aims, powerful unconscious factors are in play for both patient and therapist and are explicated to illustrate the interactive and frequently unformulated, intersubjective factors that facilitate effective, psychotherapeutic hypnosis. Consequently, therapists attuned to such intersubjective dynamics can make use of their own internal mental activities to understand a patient's current state of mind and level of developmental functioning, and thereby subsequently formulate mutative interventions. For instance, because hypnotizability reflects the ability to play in imaginative space, the regression promoted in hypnotherapy may activate both an illusion of omnipotence and its optimal disillusionment through the relational context. This requires going beyond more traditional, procedural ways of bifurcating hypnotic interventions as being either direct or indirect and instead further distinguish hypnotic interventions in accordance with their maternal and paternal relational dimensions. Arguably, then, the skillful hypnotherapist needs to maintain a coupling interplay between the maternal, maximally receptive and the paternal, more active modes of functioning within hypnotic play space.

Freud's Legacy and Modern Theories of Ineffable Trauma.

Notions of ineffability, what cannot be put into words, vary depending on the historical and cultural context and, in particular, on shifting linguistic ideologies about the capabilities and limits of language. In recent decades psychoanalysts have embraced a modern notion of ineffability centered around traumatic bodily experiences that are thought to be inexpressible. However, these ideas break with Freudian ideas about language and, most importantly, with his understanding of the processes of interpretation that give meaning to both psychic pain and attempts to heal it. Contra Freud, current theories of ineffable trauma re-inscribe a dominance of the body over the psyche and over-simplify Freud's ideas about the retro-determination of trauma.

'Waking up' to the symbolic: a psychoanalytic investigation into the effects of a music workshop for children with Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDDs) / "acordar" para o simbólico: uma investigação psicanalítica sobre os efeitos de um ateliê musical para crianças com transtornos globais do desenvolvimento (tgd)

RESUMO: A pesquisa Os efeitos do ritmo como função de estruturação psíquica em crianças com TGD se propôs a acompanhar os efeitos de um ateliê musical sobre um grupo de crianças com Transtornos Globais do Desenvolvimento (TGD). Trabalhamos com a hipótese de que a atenção a propriedades musicais pode favorecer o desenvolvimento da linguagem e enlaçamento social nesses casos. A partir de recortes clínicos construídos à luz do método psicanalítico, o artigo discute de que maneira a música atrelada à psicanálise pode favorecer o surgimento do sujeito desejante.

Abstract: The research Rhythm effects as psychic structuring function in children with PDD aimed to follow the effects of a musical atelier on a group of children with Pervasive Developmental Disorders - PPD. We worked with the hypotheses that the attention to musical proprieties can favor language development and social binding in these cases. Starting from clinical clippings built through the psychoanalytic method, this article discusses in which way the music associated to psychoanalysis can favor the emergence of the desiring subject.

[The story hiding in the body. Basis for a psychosomatology]. / La historia que se oculta en el cuerpo (fundamentos para una psicosomatología psicoanalítica).

The text begins by pointing out that the psychoanalytic discovery of an unconscious psyche helps us understand the evolution of cognitive processes that shape our image of the world and the ego. Since psychoanalysis began, in 1895, with the investigation of hysteria, it is possible to say that, along with psychoanalysis, a scientific, psychosomatological exploration of the psyche-soma relationship has been born. Psychoanalytic theory has been developed, since then, following a "physical" model, more geometric that culminated in the metapsychology that Freud introduced in 1915, and a historical, more linguistic model, which is implicit in the entire course of his work, although it could never consolidate in a fully established theoretical body. However, when, in 1938, he formulates the second fundamental hypothesis of psychoanalysis, he not only gives up, explicitly and definitively, the Cartesian dualism that leads to a dissociation between the mind and the body, but also lays the groundwork for a metapsychology of metahistoric kind.Then, the psychosomatic problem is explored not only as it appears in the context of a session that is part of a psychoanalytic treatment, but also in the circumstances of usual medical practice. In general, a method and the experience obtained with that procedure are described. We call it a pathobiographical study, and it has been practiced continuously in Buenos Aires since its beginning, in 1972. During the past years, other institutions (in Rio Cuarto, Córdoba, in Montevideo, Rome, Florence, Perugia, and Bogotá) adopted that practice.

Jean-Martin Charcot's influence on career of Sigmund Freud, and the influence of this meeting for the brazilian medicine / Influência de Jean-Martin Charcot na carreira de Sigmund Freud, e a influência desse encontro para a medicina brasileira

Background - Jean-Martin Charcot had a profound influence on Sigmund Freud's life and career. The founders of Brazilian neurology and psychiatry were influenced by the ideas of Charcot and Freud. Objective - To describe Charcot's influence on Freud, and both on the beginning of Brazilian Neurology and Psychiatry. Results - After Freud's stay in Charcot's neurology service during the winter of 1885-1886, there was a shift in his interest from general neurology to hysteria, hypnosis and other psychological issues, which greatly influenced the development of psychoanalytic theory. Like Charcot, Freud would become an admirer of the arts, literature, and culture. When Freud began his collection, in the late 1890s, Charcot served as an important model. In Salpêtrière Hospital, Charcot was staging a show different from modernity, capable of inspiring Freud. Antonio Austregesilo founded the first Brazilian school of Neurology, in Rio de Janeiro, inspired in Charcot. Austresegilo also practiced psychiatry, and, together Juliano Moreira and others, is considered propagator of Freud's ideas in Brazil. Conclusion - The ideas of Charcot and Freud were fundamental in the formation of physicians who helped to found and to consolidate the Brazilian neurology and psychiatry.(AU)

Introdução - Jean-Martin Charcot exerceu uma profunda influência na vida e na carreira de Sigmund Freud. Os fundadores da neurologia e da psiquiatria brasileiras foram influenciados pelas ideias de Charcot e de Freud. Objetivo - Descrever a influência de Charcot sobre Freud e de ambos sobre o início da Neurologia e da Psiquiatria brasileiras. Resultados - Após a permanência de Freud no serviço de neurologia de Charcot durante o inverno de 1885-1886, houve uma mudança em seu interesse da neurologia geral para histeria, hipnose e outras questões psicológicas, o que influenciou muito o desenvolvimento da teoria psicanalítica. Como Charcot, Freud se tornaria admirador das artes, literatura e cultura. Quando Freud começou sua coleção, no final da década de 1890, Charcot serviu de modelo importante. No Hospital Salpêtrière, Charcot era a representação da modernidade, capaz de inspirar Freud. Antonio Austregésilo fundou a primeira escola brasileira de Neurologia, no Rio de Janeiro, inspirada em Charcot. Austresegilo também praticou psiquiatria, e, juntamente com Juliano Moreira e outros, é considerado propagador das ideias de Freud no Brasil.Conclusão - As ideias de Charcot e Freud foram fundamentais na formação de médicos que ajudaram a fundar e consolidar a neurologia e a psiquiatria brasileiras.(AU)

[Bio-psycho-socio or psychotherapeutic medicine - actual development of psychosomatics in clinical practice]. / Bio-psycho-soziale oder psychotherapeutische Medizin ­ zur aktuellen Entwicklung der Psychosomatik in der klinischen Praxis.

In Germany a model of Psychosomatic Medicine has developed, which integrated several psychotherapeutic methods in clinical practice. The concept, which focused on disease mechanisms in the human body and the interaction between diseased individuals and their environment became a basic psychosomatic research strategy and was imlemented in medical care. In this paper the result of a psychosomatic development in clinical health care and research and possible deficiences are described. Perspectives of development and future tasks of Psychosomatic Medicine will be reviewed.

ON BECOMING ABLE TO PLAY: INDIVIDUAL CHILD PSYCHOANALYTIC PSYCHODRAMA AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF SYMBOLIZATION.

In this paper, the authors analyze the relevance and transformative potential of individual psychoanalytic psychodrama in the treatment of children with severe impairments in symbolization. Central features of this modality, including promoting the representation of early traumatic experiences, are presented and discussed. Specific features include double-envelope containment of the co-therapists' group and play leader, consequent diffraction of the transference-determining portrayal, gradual integration, and initial figuration of coexisting split-off fragments. Drawing on in-depth clinical material, the authors show how psychodrama tempers the potentially traumatic effects of the encounter with the object, allowing these patients to access the transitional area of play.

El cuerpo histérico y la sustancia gozante / The Hysterical Body And The Substance Of Enjoyment

El presente trabajo forma parte de los avances de la investigación UBACyT 2014-2017 "Articulación de las conceptualizaciones de J. Lacan sobre la libertad con los conceptos fundamentales que estructuran la dirección de la cura: interpretación, transferencia, posición del analista, asociación libre y acto analítico", dirigida por el Dr. Pablo MunÞoz. En el mismo se presentan las primeras indagaciones realizadas sobre el teìrmino "responsabilidad" y su vínculo con el problema del goce y la satisfacción del síntoma. En este contexto realizaremos un breve recorrido por las implicaciones teóricas y clínicas de la oposición cuerpo y significante en psicoanálisis, y su influencia en la conceptualización del goce. Para ello recorreremos los primeros textos de la obra de Freud sobre el cuerpo histérico para ubicar otro modo de concebir la dualidad cartesiana mente ­ cuerpo. Por último, revisaremos el concepto de sustancia de gozante para relacionarlo con el surgimiento del cuerpo histérico.

This work is part of research UBACyT 2014-2017 "Joint conceptualizations of J. Lacan on freedom with the fundamental concepts that structure the direction of the treatment: interpretation, transference, analyst position, free association and analytic act, "directed by Dr. Pablo MunÞoz. This work present the first research on the term "responsibility" and its link with the problem of enjoyment and satisfaction of the symptom. In this context we will make a brief tour of the theoretical and clinical implications of the body and significant opposition in psychoanalysis and its influence on the conceptualization of enjoyment. In order to do this, we will go through the first texts of Freud \'s work on the hysterical body to locate another way of conceiving the Cartesian mind - body duality. Finally, we will review the concept of the substance of enjoyment to relate it to the emergence of the hysterical body.

The Theory and Art of Child Psychotherapy: A Corrective Developmental Approach.

The history of child psychotherapy is sketched from the psychoanalytic pioneers Anna Freud and Melanie Klein to the popular "nondirective" approach of Virginia Axline. The author's approach to child psychotherapy, based on contemporary psychoanalytic theories, allows the therapist to play any parental role that helps to repair developmental deficiencies and conflicts. These include nurturing, supporting, mirroring, role modeling, challenging, and limit setting. Following Winnicott, psychotherapy is conceived as a play space in which therapist and child are both spontaneous. The value of interpretation and insight in child therapy is discussed. There follows a more detailed discussion of three major problem areas in child psychotherapy: handling anger and hostile aggression; handling issues related to sexuality; and handling narcissistic issues of inferiority and shame.

Effects of Hypnosis on Regression to Primary-Process Thinking.

The authors tested the hypothesis that hypnotic age regression produces a shift from secondary- to primary-thought processing in hypnotizable participants. Thirty participants were tested for hypnotizability using the Elkins Scale of Hypnotizability (EHS). Participants were exposed to a tailored hypnotic arm-levitation induction and a hypnotic suggestion to age regress to 5 years of age and to have a dream. Primary-process thinking was assessed using the Primary-Process Thinking Scale. An independent t test with 2 levels of hypnotizability (middle and high) showed high hypnotizables demonstrated higher ratings of primary thought processing than those in the middle group.

La diferenciación entre el pensamiento concreto y el metafórico en el paciente esquizofrénico en recuperación / The differentiation between concrete and metaphorical thinking in the recovering schizophrenic patient

La diferenciación entre el pensamiento concreto y el metafórico en el paciente esquizofrénico en recuperación. El así llamado «pensamiento concreto» de los pacientes esquizofrénicos es un pensamiento indiferenciado en el que no existe una diferenciación potencial entre los significados concretos y los significados figurativos. Este «trastorno del pensamiento» no está confinado a un reino limitado de la experiencia comparable con el estrato de pensamiento del adulto normal, ya que en el paciente profundamente indiferenciado no existe ese estrato bien definido en su experiencia subjetiva. El trastorno impregna el conjunto de su vida afectiva y el conjunto de su experiencia perceptual de su sí mismo y del mundo que le rodea. Se discute la etiología de este «trastorno de pensamiento» en términos tanto de la relación precoz con la madre como del conjunto de la constelación familiar. Al mismo tiempo, se describe el impacto emocional del avance del proceso de diferenciación sobre terapeuta y paciente, y también se incluyen algunas sugerencias técnicas sobre cómo se puede ayudar al paciente a alcanzar la diferenciación entre pensamiento concreto y pensamiento metafórico (AU)

The differentiation between concrete and metaphorical thinking in the recovering schizophrenic patient. The so-called «concrete» thinking of schizophrenic patients is undifferentiated thinking-thinking in which there is no differentiation between potentially concrete meanings and potentially figurative meanings. This «thought disorder» is not confined to some limited realm of experience comparable with the stratum of thinking in the normal adult, for in the deeply dedifferentiated patient there is no such well-defined stratum in his subjective experience. The disorder permeates his whole affective life, and his whole perceptual experience of himself and of the world around him. The etiology of this «thought disorder», both in terms of the early relationship between the patient and his mother, and in the terms of the family constellation as a whole, is discussed. The emotional impact of the advancing differentiation process, upon therapist as well as patient, is described. A few technical suggestions as to how one can assist the patient in achieving the differentiation between concrete and metaphorical are included (AU)

GEORG GRODDECK: "THE PINCH OF PEPPER" OF PSYCHOANALYSIS(.).

The life and works of Georg Groddeck are reviewed and placed in historical context as a physician and a pioneer of psychoanalysis, psychosomatic medicine, and an epistolary style of writing. His Das Es concept stimulated Freud to construct his tripartite model of the mind. Groddeck, however, used Das Es to facilitate receptivity to unconscious communication with his patients. His "maternal turn" transformed his treatment approach from an authoritarian position to a dialectical process. Groddeck was a generative influence on the development of Frieda Fromm-Reichmann, Erich Fromm, and Karen Horney. He was also the mid-wife of the late-life burst of creativity of his friend and patient Sándor Ferenczi. Together, Groddeck and Ferenczi provided the impetus for a paradigm shift in psychoanalysis that emphasized the maternal transference, child-like creativity, and a dialogue of the unconscious that foreshadowed contemporary interest in intersubjectivity and field theory. They were progenitors of the relational turn and tradition in psychoanalysis. Growing interest in interpsychic communication and field theory is bringing about a convergence of theorizing among pluralistic psychoanalytic schools that date back to 1923 when Freud appropriated Groddeck's Das Es and radically altered its meaning and use.

[Psychogenealogy and its history]. / La psychogénéalogie et son histoire.

The collective and transmittable unconscious, invisible loyalty, unconscious debts or family secrets are all concepts developed by thinkers such as Sigmund Freud, Françoise Dolto and Serge Tisseron. The genogram is a tool used by professionals to help families to identify themselves in their family constellations.

MEDITATIVE PSYCHOANALYSIS.

Psychoanalysis and meditation not only compensate for the other's blind spots, but also, when practiced together, can provide a richer experience than either discipline pursued alone. After considering the way meditation cultivates heightened attentiveness, refines sensory clarity, lessens self-criticism, and increases affect tolerance, thereby deepening psychoanalytic listening, I'll examine how psychoanalytic perspectives on unconscious communication and meaning illuminate and transform the nearsightedness of meditation, aiding therapists and clients in understanding troubling thoughts, feelings, and behavior. This helps therapists deepen their capacity to help those people with whom they work. The paper also attempts to illuminate how the therapeutic relationship, conceived of in a freer and more empathic way--as the vehicle for both validating a person's experience and providing opportunities for new forms of relatedness and self-transformation--provides a crucible in which old and dysfunctional ways of caring for oneself and relating to other people emerge and new patterns of self-care and intimacy can be established. In the concluding section, I will delineate meditative psychoanalysis, my own integration of meditation and psychoanalysis. Clinical material will illustrate my theoretical reflections.

[Development of a 12-item version of the OPD-Structure Questionnaire (OPD-SQS)]. / Entwicklung einer Zwölf-Item-Version des OPD-Strukturfragebogens (OPD-SFK).

OBJECTIVES: Screening for personality dysfunction is relevant to treatment planning in psychotherapy, psychosomatic medicine and psychiatry. This makes short versions of field-tested approaches such as the OPD Structure Questionnaire (OPD-SQ) necessary. METHODS: With the aim of developing a screening version, the original sample of the OPD-SQ was divided into two subsamples. After developing a preliminary 12-item version in one subsample, we used confirmatory factor-analysis in the second subsample as well as an independent sample to test the factor structure. RESULTS: The analyses confirmed a structure of three correlating factors with adequate fit indices. Other findings relating to the validity of the long version were replicated as well. In addition, data from an independent sample of psychotherapy inpatients confirmed the factor structure and provided further evidence for its validity. CONCLUSIONS: The OPD-SQS is a viable screening instrument for supporting clinical decision making in stepped-care approaches in psychotherapy, psychosomatic medicine and psychiatry.

["What I don't Appreciate in Real Life": Online Role Playing Game Addiction of an Adolescent--Case Study]. / ¼Was ich am richtigen Leben nicht so schätze« Online-Rollenspielsucht eines Jugendlichen--Fallstudie.

The present article aims to provide an insight into the life story of a computer-game addicted adolescent. Here, the relationship between the symptom game addiction, the family as a reference framework, the game's characteristics, as well as the subjective emotional state of the adolescent are of particular interest. An emphasis is also laid on the psychodynamically approached question of the impact of infantile and current relationship experiences (both within a family environment as well as with peers) on personal development. Last, still within a psychodynamic framework, we hope to provide a better understanding of the role of online computer-game addiction in the process of experiences potentially dominated by conflicts.

Beyond Phallic Domain: Female Otherness as a Resource for Liberation: Some Notes From Lacanian Psychoanalysis and Poststructuralist Feminism.

The article explores the political derivations of psychoanalytical discourse on femininity, starting from the impact of Lacanian positions on feminist thought. The consideration of a dimension of absolute otherness of female sexuality, irreducible to masculinity and to a phallic domain--not-all phallic--theorized by Lacan in the 1970s, opens up many complex issues for the politics of women's liberation. It is a matter of living the absolute difference without either radically excluding it from the speakable or letting it be part of a romantic imagery of the otherness that perpetuates sexual hierarchy and, consequently, female subordination. Taking up the proposal of such authors as Julia Kristeva or Silvia Tubert, we suggest that the Lacanian theory offers the conceptual tools to shift from exclusion to re-volt, from the place of the Other as a pedestal for the Same to a political function of female otherness and of the "not-all" that it represents: a part of the Kultur and its difficulties, but not entangled in it to the point that it cannot bring any innovation.