[The efficacy and outlook for the study of live vaccines for the prevention of melioidosis]. / Effektivnost' i perspektivy issledovaniia zhivykh vaktsin dlia profilaktiki melioidoza.

The effect of immunization with Burkholderia pseudomallei, (Pur- and Ts), heterologous vaccines and the recombinant culture of Francisella tularensis RM2, carrying a plasmid with fragments of B. pseudomallei chromosome, was studied on four species of experimental animals, essentially differing by their sensitivity to melioidosis. B. pseudomallei mutants formed the statistically significant level of protection in subcutaneously challenged animals, moderately sensitive to melioidosis, but were not effective when tested, under the same conditions, in animals, highly sensitive to melioidosis. The effect produced by the experimental vaccines under study in animals of all species, subjected to aerogenic challenge, was leveled. The study showed good prospects for the use of tularemia vaccine with a view to create heterologous immunity to melioidosis and the possibility of its use as the basis of bivalent gene engineering vaccine.

[The immunological activity of the bacterial strain Escherichia coli M17 used in preparing a commercial preparation of colibacterin]. / Immunologicheskaia aktivnost' bakterii shtamma Escherichia coli M17, ispol'zuemogo pri izgotovlenii kommercheskogo preparata kolibakterina.

The toxicity, immunogenic properties and protective activity of the live culture of E. coli M17 and antigenic preparations obtained from cell suspensions of this strain have been studied under experimental conditions. As revealed in experiments on mice, E. coli M17 live culture has low virulence, moderate toxicity and provides the protection of immunized mice from challenge with homologous and highly virulent E. coli strains. E. coli M17 live culture, when introduced orally or intravenously into rabbits, ensures the synthesis of 02 and H6 antibodies. Blood sera taken from immunized rabbits yield better results than initial sera in experiments on the passive protection of mice. The results of our experiments show the expediency of the clinical trials of Colibacterin as a perspective Escherichia live oral vaccine.

[The protective activity of the detoxified lipopolysaccharide of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A in in vivo experiments]. / Protektivnaia aktivnost' detoksitsirovannogo lipopolisakharida Neisseria meningitidis serogruppy A v opytakh in vivo.

The immunogenic potency, toxicity, homologous and heterologous protective activity of lipopolysaccharide preparations obtained from serogroup A N. meningitidis (LPS A) were studied in animal experiments. These preparations were shown to possess very high protective activity. The alkaline treatment of native LPS A decreased the toxicity of the preparation almost 20 times and did not affect its immunogenic potency. Detoxified LPS A was capable of protecting mice from fatal meningococcemia resulting from infection with N. meningitidis strains, serogroups A, B and C; the adsorption of the preparation on aluminium hydroxide did not affect its protective activity. In view of the properties of detoxified LPS A revealed in this investigation, it may be regarded as a possible vaccinal preparation.

[Safety and effectiveness study of the aerosol method of administering inactivated influenza chromatographic vaccine in an experiment]. / Izuchenie bezvrednosti i éffektivnosti aérozol'nogo metoda vvedeniia inaktivirovannoi grippoznoi khromatograficheskoi vaktsiny v éksperimente.

Experiments in laboratory animals demonstrated safety, areactogenicity, and low allergenic potential of inactivated influenza chromatographic vaccine (IICV) administered by aerosol method. Aerosol immunization of white rats resulted in the development of the same level of secretory antibody as after intraperitoneal inoculation of IICV but the immunizing aspirational dose was 10-20 times as low as parenteral. Marked protection of mice was achieved after triple aerosol immunization of immunologically experienced animals.

[Biological properties of live and inactivated influenza vaccines under experimental conditions]. / Izuchenie biologicheskikh svoistv zhivykh i inaktivirovannykh protivogrippoznykh vaktsin v éksperimental'nykh usloviiakh.

Biological properties of influenza vaccines were studied on experimental animals inoculated intraperitoneally with regard to the vaccine effect on peritoneal exudate cells. The development of neutrophilia and inhibition of acid phosphatase activity in macrophages within the first 24 hours after intraperitoneal inoculation of influenza viruses or influenza vaccines were used for determination of the toxic effect of the inoculum. The values of subsequent later activation of acid phosphatase in macrophages allowed the immunogenic properties of the vaccines under study to be evaluated. The sensitizing properties of the virus antigens were assessed by the reaction of the lymphoid-macrophage system after multiple inoculations of the preparations. A correlation of changes observed in the experimental animals with reactogenicity and values of immunity against influenza in man and animals was established.