[Elaboration of new adjuvant lipid-saponin complex and its use at experimental immunization by bacterial antigen].

Results of experiments on modification of immunostimulating complexes (ISCOM's) matrix by the replacement of the phospholipid for the glycolipid (monogalactosyldiacylglycerol) from sea macrophytes, and saponin QuillA to triterpene glycoside of cucumarioside A2-2 from Cucumaria japonica are shown. The resultant complexes include the morphological structures of two types: ISCOM-like structures with the characteristic morphology and sizes and also the tubular structures with diameter of approximately 40 nm and length of 150-400 nm. We have named these structures as TI-complexes. These TI-complexes exhibit considerably lower toxicity than ISCOM. They may include an amphiphilic protein antigen and provide immunoadjuvant effect during experimental vaccination. Under conditions of experimental immunization of mice by a weak immunogen--(subunit membrane pore protein from Y. pseudotuberculosis), TI-complexes with antigen provided stronger humoral immune response to antigen than the complexes of porin with classical ISCOM, liposomes and Freund's adjuvant. Thus, it's shown the prospect of the use of TI-complexes as a new type of adjuvant carriers for antigens.

[Immunogenicity of B-antigen in experimental plague and pseudotuberculosis].

The results of the evaluation of the immunogenic properties of B-antigen, earlier identified in the culture fluid of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis submerged culture, with respect to experimental plague and pseudotuberculosis are presented. B-antigen has been shown to produce protective effect in guinea pigs and, probably, hamadryas baboons, but not in white mice infected with the causative agent of plague. Immunizaton with B-antigen protects guinea pigs from primary pneumonic plague caused by both capsule-forming and noncapsular Y. pestis virulent strains. Passive immunization with antibodies to B-antigen induces limitedly pronounced protective effect in guinea pigs and is not effective for white mice with respect to experimental plague. No active or passive protection of white mice or guinea pigs, infected with Y. pseudotuberculosis cultures, has been achieved by the injection of B-antigen or antibodies to it.

[Immunotropic activity of panaxans--bioglycans isolated from ginseng]. / Izuchenie immunotropnoi aktivnosti panaksanov--bioglikanov, vydelennykh iz zhen'shenia.

Immunomodulating activity of panaxanes--polysaccharides isolated from the roots and culture of Panax ginseng was studied. Effects of both preparations were analogous. Profilaxy use of panaxanes provided increased resistance to coli-sepsis in mice, increased neutrophiles and macrophages phagocytosis, stimulated humoral and cell immune factors and induced important regulating cytokins--interferone gamma and tumor necrosis factor.

Immunogeneity and structural organisation of some pLCR-encoded proteins of Yersinia pestis.

A novel method of cultivation of Yersinia pestis EV-76 and its isogenic strains KM-217 (pPst-;pCad+;pFra-) and KM-218 (pPst-;pCad-;pFra-) and careful extraction of Y. pestis proteins (YPPs) permitted isolation of >35 low Ca2+ response plasmid (pLCR)-encoded products, some of which are potentially new members of the LCR family. Immunisation with each YPP demonstrated that 25-, 54-, 72- and 87-kDa YPPs provided the highest level of protection in mice challenged with Y. pestis virulent strain 231. Their immunological relationship was established with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) and revealed several common properties, including oligosaccharide binding with specificity for N-acetylglucosamine. Affinity chromatography with MAb to the 25-kDa YPP permitted purification of the relevant antigen and its precursor. Their existence in the form of a complicated protein molecule was shown.

[The protective activity of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis antigens]. / Protektivnaia aktivnost' antigenov Yersinia pseudotuberculosis.

Samples of Y.pseudotuberculosis (serovar I) antigens, represent a high-molecular lipopolysaccharide (LPS) fraction with a mol. wt. of 22.5 kD and fractions of outer membrane proteins isolated by the method of M. Osborn and R. Munson (1974), were tested in comparison with the activity with live cells of Y. pseudotuberculosis I attenuated mutant KV 9/2, having lost its Cad plasmid of virulence with a mol. wt. of 47 MD and carrying 2 attenuating markers: resistance to crystal violet and nalidixic acid. In experiments on guinea pigs pathomorphological studies demonstrated high protective activity of Y.pseudotuberculosis I attenuated mutant KV 9/2 and a pronounced protective effect achieved after the immunization of the animals with complex biopolymers, including a high-molecular LPS fraction and outer membrane proteins.

[The protective properties of a porin from the outer membrane of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis]. / Protektivnye svoistva porina iz vneshnei membrany Yersinia pseudotuberculosis.

The protective properties of the species-specific pore-forming polypeptide of Y. pseudotuberculosis outer membrane (porin) were studied. The study showed that 80-90% of mice immunized with porin survived after challenge with 10-30 LD50 of Y. pseudotuberculosis, serovars 1 and 3. The LD50 of the preparation exceeded its ED50 more than 100-fold. Immunization made in two injections was more effective than immunization in one injection. The immunization of the animals with porin led to an increase in the activity of peritoneal exudate macrophages with respect to Y. pseudotuberculosis, serovars 1 and 3.