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Preconditioning by ultra-low dose of tramadol reduces the severity of tramadol-induced seizure: Contribution of glutamate receptors.
Valian, Neda; Sorayya, Marziyeh; Asadi, Sareh; Sherafati, Fatemeh; Ershad, Ali; Savaheli, Sara; Ahmadiani, Abolhassan.
Affiliation
  • Valian N; Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
  • Sorayya M; Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
  • Asadi S; Neurobiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
  • Sherafati F; Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
  • Ershad A; Department of Clinical Toxicology, Loghman Hakim Educational Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
  • Savaheli S; Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: savaheli_iran@yahoo.com.
  • Ahmadiani A; Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: aahmadiani@yahoo.com.
Biomed Pharmacother ; 133: 111031, 2021 Jan.
Article in En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33249277
Tramadol, a weak agonist of mu-opioid receptors, causes seizure via several mechanisms. Preconditioning has been purposed to reduce the epileptic seizures in animal models of epilepsy. The preconditioning effect of tramadol on seizure is not studied yet. This study was designed to evaluate the preconditioning effect of ultra-low dose of tramadol on the seizures induced by tramadol at high dose. Furthermore, regarding the critical role of glutamate signaling in the pathogenesis of epilepsy, the effect of preconditioning on some glutamate signaling elements was also examined. Male Wistar rats received tramadol (2 mg/kg, i.p) or normal saline (1 mL/kg, i.p) in preconditioning and control groups, respectively. After 4 days, the challenging tramadol dose (150 mg/kg) was injected to all rats. Epileptic behaviors were recorded during 50 min. The expression of Norbin (as a regulator of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5), Calponin3 (as a regulator of excitatory synaptic markers), NR1 (NMDA receptor subunit 1) and GluR1 (AMPA receptor subunit 1) was measured in hippocampus, prefrontal cortex (PFC) and amygdala. Preconditioning decreased the number and duration of tremors and tonic-clonic seizures. Norbin, Calponin3, NR1 and GluR1 expression were decreased in hippocampus, and preconditioning had no effect on them. In contrast, it increased Norbin expression in PFC and amygdala, and attenuated NR1 and GluR1 upregulation following tramadol at high dose. These findings indicated that preconditioning by ultra-low dose of tramadol protected the animals against seizures following high dose of tramadol mediated, at least in part, by Norbin up regulation, and NR1 and GluR1 down regulation.
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Full text: 1 Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Seizures / Tramadol / Brain / Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Receptors, AMPA / Analgesics, Opioid / Anticonvulsants Type of study: Prognostic_studies Language: En Journal: Biomed Pharmacother Year: 2021 Type: Article Affiliation country: Iran

Full text: 1 Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Seizures / Tramadol / Brain / Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Receptors, AMPA / Analgesics, Opioid / Anticonvulsants Type of study: Prognostic_studies Language: En Journal: Biomed Pharmacother Year: 2021 Type: Article Affiliation country: Iran