Exposure to oxidized soybean oil induces mammary mitochondrial injury in lactating rats and alters the intestinal barrier function of progeny.

ABSTRACT

Similar to other food contaminants, dietary oxidized soybean oil (OSO) is also a toxic xenobiotic for animal and human nutrition. This research evaluated the effects of maternal OSO exposure during lactation on mammary mitochondrial injury and intestinal barrier of sucking progeny. Twenty-four female adult SD rats were fed a fresh soybean oil (FSO) homozygous diet (7%) or an OSO homozygous diet (7%) during lactation. On day 21 of lactation, upregulated mRNA expression of Sirt3 and PRDX3 and downregulated mRNA expression of Mfn2 were observed in mammary tissues in the OSO group compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Maternal OSO consumption increased the FasL transcriptional level in the mammary glands of rat dams (P < 0.05), while the mRNA expression of Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase3, and Fas was not different from that in the control group (P > 0.05). OSO enhanced the Nrf2 transcriptional level and decreased the expression of Keap1 and PPARα in mammary tissues (P < 0.05). In addition, the contents of CAT, MDA, SOD were not affected by dietary OSO (P > 0.05), while the concentration of H2O2 was significantly decreased in the OSO-treated mammary glands of rat dams (P < 0.05). Maternal OSO exposure during lactation did not affect the organ coefficients of pups (P > 0.05). However, maternal OSO consumption influenced the intestinal tight junction protein expression of progeny (P < 0.05). In summary, the present study demonstrated that dietary OSO may aggravate mammary injury and mitochondria dysfunction, but the OSO-induced damage was self-alleviating via the promotion of Sirt3 and PRDX3 expression and further scavenging of oxidative products.