Inhibitory effect of Salvia coccinea on inflammatory responses through NF-κB signaling pathways in THP-1 cells and acute rat diabetes mellitus.

Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress has been implicated in diabetes and its complications. Medicinal plants possessing antioxidant activity may decrease oxidative stress by scavenging radicals and reducing power activity and would be a promising strategy for the treatment of inflammatory disorders like diabetes. This study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant effect of Aqueous Extract of S.coccinea leaf (AESL) in HG treated THP-1 cells and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic Wistar rats. AESL and the standard antidiabetic drug glibenclamide were administered orally by intragastric tube for 14 days and pre-treated HG grown THP-1 cells. AESL treatment reduced HG induced increase in ROS production, NF-κB dependent proinflammatory gene expression by influencing NF-κB nuclear translocation in THP-1 cells. Oral administration of AESL inhibited STZ-induced increase in serum lipid peroxidation, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, and Lactate dehydrogenase of diabetic rats. Significant increase in activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase, and a reduced level of glutathione, were observed in AESL treatment. The results demonstrate that AESL is useful in controlling blood glucose and also has antioxidant potential to influence the translocation of NF-κB, protect damage caused by hyperglycemia-induced inflammation.