[Macrocytic anemia with anisocytosis due to alcohol abuse and vitamin B6 deficiency].

ABSTRACT

Megaloblastic anemia due to folic acid deficiency and ringed sideroblastic anemia have been reported in alcohol abusers. It has also been reported that vitamin B6 deficiency causes ringed sideroblastic anemia as well as microcytic anemia that is not associated with ringed sideroblasts. We encountered a case of macrocytic anemia with anisocytosis in a 75-year-old alcohol abuser who suffered vitamin B6 deficiency. Neither megaloblastic changes nor ringed sideroblasts were observed in specimens of the patient's bone marrow. Analyses of porphyrin content and heme biosynthetic enzyme activity suggested a decline in ALA-synthase activity (an enzyme that depends on vitamin B6) as well as decreased ferrochelatase activity or abnormal iron metabolism. Abstention from alcohol led to a reduction in mean corpuscular volume and the disappearance of Pappenheimer bodies commonly observed in the red blood cells of drinkers. Follow-up supplements of vitamin B6 resolved the patient's anisocytosis and anemia.