Determinants of low birth weight among HIV-infected pregnant women in Tanzania.
Am J Clin Nutr
; 74(6): 814-26, 2001 Dec.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-11722965
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Low birth weight (LBW) increases the risk of infant death, but little is known about its causes among HIV-infected populations in sub-Saharan Africa.OBJECTIVE:
We assessed sociodemographic, nutritional, immunologic, parasitic, and infant risk factors for birth weight, LBW, and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) status in a cohort of 822 HIV-positive women enrolled in a clinical trial of vitamin supplementation and pregnancy outcomes in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.DESIGN:
Women were enrolled at prenatal care clinics during their second trimester, at which time blood, stool, urine, and genital specimens were collected, and anthropometric measurements and sociodemographic data were recorded. Birth weight was measured at hospital delivery.RESULTS:
The mean (+/-SD) birth weight was 3015 +/- 508 g, 11.1% of newborns weighed <2500 g (LBW), and 11.5% were SGA. In multivariate analyses, maternal weight at enrollment and a low CD8 cell count were inversely associated with LBW. Advanced-stage HIV disease, previous history of preterm birth, Plasmodium falciparum malaria, and any helmintic infection were associated with higher risk of LBW. The intestinal parasites Entamoeba histolytica and Strongyloides stercoralis were predictors of LBW despite their low prevalence in the cohort. In a multivariate-adjusted linear regression model, BMI, midupper arm circumference, a CD4 cell count <200 x 10(6) cells/L (200 cells/mm(3)), primiparity, maternal literacy, and infant HIV infection at birth were significantly associated with birth weight in addition to risk factors included in the LBW model. Determinants of SGA included maternal weight, low serum vitamin E concentration, candidiasis, malaria, and infant HIV infection at birth.CONCLUSION:
Prevention of HIV disease progression and vertical transmission, improved nutritional status, and better management of malaria and intestinal parasitic infections are likely to reduce the incidence of LBW in Tanzania.
Buscar en Google
Bases de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Complicaciones Infecciosas del Embarazo
/
Recién Nacido de Bajo Peso
/
Infecciones por VIH
/
Transmisión Vertical de Enfermedad Infecciosa
Tipo de estudio:
Clinical_trials
/
Etiology_studies
/
Incidence_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
País/Región como asunto:
Africa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Am J Clin Nutr
Año:
2001
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Estados Unidos