[The characteristics of and thinking on stranguria syndrome in Zhu bing yuan hou lun (Treatise on the Pathogenesis and Manifestations of All Diseases)].

The main characteristics of stranguria in the Zhu bing yuan hou lun (Treatise on the Pathogenesis and Manifestations of All Diseases) include the following: it first proposes stranguria to be discussed in different chapters, promoting the idea "heat of the bladder and kidney deficiency", which exerted profound influnce on the later generations, and discerning bloody stranguria and hematuria with different symptoms and etiology of underlying viscera; while its Daoyin method recorded being of reference value to modern clinical treatment. In addition, the etiology and pathogenesis of "heat of bladder and kidney deficiency" are referring to the five-stranguria rather than to the seven-stranguria. The lesion of part of the urolithic stranguria not nly deals with the kidney and bladder, but also involves the small intestine, stomach and spleen too.