Risk factors for small-for-gestational-age and preterm births among 19,269 Tanzanian newborns.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth
; 16: 110, 2016 05 17.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-27183837
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Few studies have differentiated risk factors for term-small for gestational age (SGA), preterm-appropriate for gestational age (AGA), and preterm-SGA, despite evidence of varying risk of child mortality and poor developmental outcomes.METHODS:
We analyzed birth outcome data from singleton infants, who were enrolled in a large randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of neonatal vitamin A supplementation conducted in Tanzania. SGA was defined as birth weight <10th percentile for gestation age and sex using INTERGROWTH standards and preterm birth as delivery at <37 complete weeks of gestation. Risk factors for term-SGA, preterm-AGA, and preterm-SGA were examined independently using log-binomial regression.RESULTS:
Among 19,269 singleton Tanzanian newborns included in this analysis, 68.3 % were term-AGA, 15.8 % term-SGA, 15.5 % preterm-AGA, and 0.3 % preterm-SGA. In multivariate analyses, significant risk factors for term-SGA included maternal age <20 years, starting antenatal care (ANC) in the 3(rd) trimester, short maternal stature, being firstborn, and male sex (all p < 0.05). Independent risk factors for preterm-AGA were maternal age <25 years, short maternal stature, firstborns, and decreased wealth (all p < 0.05). In addition, receiving ANC services in the 1(st) trimester significantly reduced the risk of preterm-AGA (p = 0.01). Significant risk factors for preterm-SGA included maternal age >30 years, being firstborn, and short maternal stature which appeared to carry a particularly strong risk (all p < 0.05).CONCLUSION:
Over 30 % of newborns in this large urban and rural cohort of Tanzanian newborns were born preterm and/or SGA. Interventions to promote early attendance to ANC services, reduce unintended young pregnancies, increased maternal height, and reduce poverty may significantly decrease the burden of SGA and preterm birth in sub-Saharan Africa. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) - ACTRN12610000636055 , registered on 3(rd) August 2010.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Bases de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Peso al Nacer
/
Recién Nacido Pequeño para la Edad Gestacional
/
Nacimiento Prematuro
Tipo de estudio:
Clinical_trials
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Diagnostic_studies
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Etiology_studies
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Guideline
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Risk_factors_studies
País/Región como asunto:
Africa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth
Año:
2016
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Tanzania