Effect of folic acid fortification of foods on folate intake in female smokers with cervical dysplasia.
Nutrition
; 20(5): 409-14, 2004 May.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-15105026
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
We investigated the effect of folic acid fortification of enriched cereal grains on folate intake in women of predominantly childbearing age at high risk for cervical cancer.METHODS:
Subjects in this cross-sectional study were 77 women randomized between November 1999 and December 2000 in the Women's Intervention to Stay Healthy (WISH), a clinical trial evaluating the effect of a tobacco control intervention on the progression of cervical dysplasia. All subjects were cigarette smokers, had a previously abnormal Papanicolaou test, and were positive for high-risk human papillomavirus at entry. Dietary intake was assessed with food-frequency questionnaires completed at the baseline visit for WISH. The effect of folic acid fortification on folate intake was assessed by using pre- and postfortification folate databases to estimate folate intake.RESULTS:
Mean folate intake assessed with the postfortification database was 63% higher than intake assessed with the prefortification database 417 versus 256 microg/d of dietary folate equivalents (P < 0.0001). The proportion of subjects below the estimated average requirement for folate was smaller after fortification than before fortification 40.3% versus 75.3% (P < 0.0001). Several foods, including white bread, cheese dishes, spaghetti, and rice, became major sources of folate as a result of fortification.CONCLUSIONS:
Folic acid fortification resulted in an increased intake of folate in these subjects. However, even with fortification, folate intake in a large proportion of these women remained below recommended levels. These results should be considered before decisions regarding future levels of folic acid fortification are made.
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Fumar
/
Alimentos Fortificados
/
Displasia do Colo do Útero
/
Neoplasias do Colo do Útero
/
Ácido Fólico
Tipo de estudo:
Clinical_trials
/
Etiology_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Prevalence_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Nutrition
Ano de publicação:
2004
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos