Human skeletal muscle is refractory to the anabolic effects of leucine during the postprandial muscle-full period in older men.
Clin Sci (Lond)
; 131(21): 2643-2653, 2017 Nov 01.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-28982725
ABSTRACT
Leucine modulates muscle protein synthesis (MPS), with potential to facilitate accrual/maintenance of muscle mass. Animal models suggest that leucine boluses shortly after meals may prolong MPS and delay onset of a "muscle-full" state. However, the effects of nutrient "top-ups" in humans, and particularly older adults where deficits exist, have not been explored. We determined the effects of a leucine top-up after essential amino acid (EAA) feeding on anabolic signaling, MPS, and muscle energy metabolism in older men. During 13C6-phenylalanine infusion, 16 men (â¼70 years) consumed 15 g of EAA with (n=8, FED + LEU) or without (n=8, FED) 3 g of leucine top-up 90 min later. Repeated blood and muscle sampling permitted measurement of fasting and postprandial plasma EAA, insulin, anabolic signaling including mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) substrates, cellular ATP and phosphorylocreatine, and MPS. Oral EAA achieved rapid insulinemia (12.5 iU·ml-1 25 min post-feed), essential aminoacidemia (3000 µM, 45-65 min post-feed), and activation of mTORC1 signaling. Leucine top-up prolonged plasma EAA (2800 µM, 135 min) and leucine availability (1050 µM, 135 min post-feed). Fasting FSRs of 0.046 and 0.056%·h-1 (FED and FED + LEU respectively) increased to 0.085 and 0.085%·h-1 90-180 min post-feed and returned to basal rates after 180 min in both groups. Phosphorylation of mTORC1 substrates returned to fasting levels 240 min post-feed in both groups. Feeding had limited effect on muscle high-energy phosphates, but did induce eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2) phosphorylation. We demonstrate the refractoriness of muscle to nutrient-led anabolic stimulation in the postprandial period; thus, leucine supplements should be taken outside of meals, or with meals containing suboptimal protein in terms of either amount or EAA composition.
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Biossíntese de Proteínas
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Envelhecimento
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Músculo Esquelético
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Período Pós-Prandial
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Suplementos Nutricionais
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Metabolismo Energético
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Anabolizantes
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Leucina
Tipo de estudo:
Observational_studies
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Prognostic_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Clin Sci (Lond)
Ano de publicação:
2017
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Reino Unido