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Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from United States Medical Centers Stratified by Infection Type: Results from the International Network for Optimal Resistance Monitoring (INFORM) Surveillance Program, 2015-2016.
Sader, Helio S; Castanheira, Mariana; Duncan, Leonard R; Flamm, Robert K.
Afiliação
  • Sader HS; JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, Iowa, USA. Electronic address: helio-sader@jmilabs.com.
  • Castanheira M; JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, Iowa, USA.
  • Duncan LR; JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, Iowa, USA.
  • Flamm RK; JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, Iowa, USA.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis ; 92(1): 69-74, 2018 Sep.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29789189
A total of 18,656 Enterobacteriaceae and 4,175 Pseudomonas aeruginosa were consecutively collected from 85 US hospitals and tested for susceptibility by broth microdilution methods in a central monitoring laboratory (JMI Laboratories). The antimicrobial susceptibility and frequency of key resistance phenotypes were assessed and stratified by infection type as follows: bloodstream (BSI; 3,434 isolates; 15.0%), pneumonia (6,439; 28.2%), skin and skin structure (SSSI; 4,134; 18.1%), intra-abdominal (IAI; 951; 4.2%), and urinary tract (UTI; 7,873; 34.5%). Ceftazidime-avibactam was active against 99.9% to 100.0% of Enterobacteriaceae and 97.0% (pneumonia) to 99.4% (UTI) of P. aeruginosa isolates. Susceptibility rates were consistently lower for ß-lactams, such as ceftazidime (82.3% vs. 87.1-90.8%), piperacillin-tazobactam (87.5% vs. 90.2-95.6%), and meropenem (96.8% vs. 98.4-99.4%) among Enterobacteriaceae from pneumonia compared to other infection types. Susceptibility to gentamicin was also generally lower among isolates from pneumonia, whereas susceptibility to levofloxacin and colistin were lowest among BSI and SSSI isolates, respectively. The occurrence of multidrug-resistance (MDR; 8.2% overall), extensively drug-resistance (XDR; 1.1% overall), and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE; 1.3% overall) phenotypes were markedly higher among isolates from patients with pneumonia compared to other infection types. Among P. aeruginosa, susceptibility rates for ceftazidime, piperacillin-tazobactam, and gentamicin were lowest among isolates from pneumonia, whereas susceptibility to meropenem was similar among isolates from BSI, pneumonia, and IAI (77.3-77.9%), and susceptibility to levofloxacin was markedly lower among UTI isolates (67.1%). The frequencies of P. aeruginosa isolates with MDR and XDR phenotypes were highest among isolates from patients with pneumonia.
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Texto completo: 1 Base de dados: MEDLINE Métodos Terapêuticos e Terapias MTCI: Plantas_medicinales Assunto principal: Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Infecções por Pseudomonas / Farmacorresistência Bacteriana Múltipla / Enterobacteriaceae / Infecções por Enterobacteriaceae / Antibacterianos Tipo de estudo: Screening_studies País/Região como assunto: America do norte Idioma: En Revista: Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis Ano de publicação: 2018 Tipo de documento: Article

Texto completo: 1 Base de dados: MEDLINE Métodos Terapêuticos e Terapias MTCI: Plantas_medicinales Assunto principal: Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Infecções por Pseudomonas / Farmacorresistência Bacteriana Múltipla / Enterobacteriaceae / Infecções por Enterobacteriaceae / Antibacterianos Tipo de estudo: Screening_studies País/Região como assunto: America do norte Idioma: En Revista: Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis Ano de publicação: 2018 Tipo de documento: Article