KD025 Shifts Pulmonary Endothelial Cell Bioenergetics and Decreases Baseline Lung Permeability.
Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol
; 63(4): 519-530, 2020 10.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-32628869
ABSTRACT
KD025 is a ROCK2 inhibitor currently being tested in clinical trials for the treatment of fibrotic lung diseases. The therapeutic effects of KD025 are partly due to its inhibition of profibrotic pathways and fat metabolism. However, whether KD025 affects pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell (PMVEC) function is unknown, despite evidence that alveolar-capillary membrane disruption constitutes major causes of death in fibrotic lung diseases. We hypothesized that KD025 regulates PMVEC metabolism, pH, migration, and survival, a series of interrelated functional characteristics that determine pulmonary barrier integrity. We used PMVECs isolated from Sprague Dawley rats. KD025 dose-dependently decreased lactate production and glucose consumption. The inhibitory effect of KD025 was more potent compared with other metabolic modifiers, including 2-deoxy-glucose, extracellular acidosis, dichloroacetate, and remogliflozin. Interestingly, KD025 increased oxidative phosphorylation, whereas 2-deoxy-glucose did not. KD025 also decreased intracellular pH and induced a compensatory increase in anion exchanger 2. KD025 inhibited PMVEC migration, but fasudil (nonspecific ROCK inhibitor) did not. We tested endothelial permeability in vivo using Evans Blue dye in the bleomycin pulmonary fibrosis model. Baseline permeability was decreased in KD025-treated animals independent of bleomycin treatment. Under hypoxia, KD025 increased PMVEC necrosis as indicated by increased lactate dehydrogenase release and propidium iodide uptake and decreased ATP; it did not affect Annexin V binding. ROCK2 knockdown had no effect on PMVEC metabolism, pH, and migration, but it increased nonapoptotic caspase-3 activity. Together, we report that KD025 promotes oxidative phosphorylation; decreases glycolysis, intracellular pH, and migration; and strengthens pulmonary barrier integrity in a ROCK2-independent manner.
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Métodos Terapêuticos e Terapias MTCI:
Terapias_energeticas
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Bioenergetica
Assunto principal:
Permeabilidade Capilar
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Endotélio Vascular
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Células Endoteliais
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Metabolismo Energético
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Compostos Heterocíclicos de 4 ou mais Anéis
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Pulmão
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol
Ano de publicação:
2020
Tipo de documento:
Article