Can delta neutrophil index values predict the success of periodontal treatment in patients with periodontitis?

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of delta neutrophil index (DNI) on non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT), whose role has been documented in the pathogenesis and follow-up of periodontal disease. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The study included 35 patients with stage 3, grade A periodontitis (test group) and 35 patients without periodontal disease (control group). Initially, periodontal parameters were recorded and blood samples were taken from all patients. For patients with periodontitis, periodontal parameter measurements and blood sample analyses were repeated 3 months after NSPT. RESULTS: After NSPT, DNI, CRP (C-reactive protein), neutrophil count, WBC (white blood cell), and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) values decreased in the test group, but did not reach a statistically significant level (p > 0.05). When the inflammatory variables were examined, significantly higher CRP, IG (immature granulocytes), DNI, neutrophil count, and WBC were observed in the test group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). In the test group, periodontal parameters were lower 3 months after NSPT than at baseline (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Consistent with previous findings in the literature, the patients with periodontitis were determined to have higher levels of DNI, CRP, neutrophils, and WBC, compared to the individuals without periodontitis. Although a decrease was seen in DNI after NSPT, this was not at a significant level. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: DNI is a guide in the evaluation of inflammation at the onset of periodontal disease, but studies with a larger number of cases are needed to use these parameters in the evaluation of treatment success. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study was retrospectively registered on December 27, 2022, with the number NCT05666622 at http://www. CLINICALTRIALS: gov .

Association between raftlin and presepsin levels with periodontal healthy and disease conditions.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the association between Raftlin and Presepsin levels in periodontal healthy/diseases, hypothesizing a change in their levels. Also, the study aimed to determine their potential role in diagnosing and predicting the prognosis of periodontal diseases. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study design was used, including 20 periodontally healthy individuals, 21 gingivitis patients, and 21 periodontitis patients. Clinical measurements and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) sample collection were conducted, and the levels of Raftlin and Presepsin were analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the differences and correlations among the groups. RESULTS: Raftlin and Presepsin levels displayed significant variations among groups in both total amount (mean values for Raftlin in periodontitis, gingivitis, and healthy were 33.42, 17.45, 7.70 pg/30 s, respectively; for Presepsin, values were 3.98, 3.01, 1.92 pg/30 s, respectively) (p < 0.001) and concentration levels (pg/µl) (p = 0.007 for Raftlin, p = 0.026 for Presepsin). Particularly noteworthy were the concentration distinctions observed exclusively between the periodontitis and healthy groups. CONCLUSIONS: The present study offers preliminary insights into the presence and variations of raftlin and prepsepsin in the GCF across different periodontal conditions. While these findings hint at a potential role for these markers in periodontal disease, further research is essential to fully understand their diagnostic and prognostic capabilities.

Gingival crevicular fluid levels of cytokine, chemokine, and growth factors in patients with periodontitis or gingivitis and periodontally healthy subjects: a cross-sectional multiplex study.

INTRODUCTION: Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) is an important resource for detecting inflammatory biomarkers related to periodontal disease. The purpose of this research was to identify the possible relation between cytokine levels and periodontal status. MATERIAL AND METHODS: GCF samples collected from 25 periodontally healthy individuals, 24 with gingivitis, and 24 with periodontitis were analyzed using the MAGPIX system with a Bio-Plex Pro Human Cytokine 27-plex kit. Gingival index (GI), periodontal pocket depth (PPD), plaque index (PI), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were measured from each tooth to determine each patient's periodontal status. RESULTS: All clinical parameters showed statistically significant differences between groups. While interleukin (IL)-1ß, IL-6, macrophage chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), interferon γ-induced protein 10 (IP-10) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels were statistically significantly higher in patients with periodontitis compared to periodontally healthy subjects, IL-15 levels were found to be statistically significantly higher in periodontally healthy individuals compared to periodontitis (p < 0.05). Also, IL-1ß and IP-10 showed positive correlations with PPD, CAL, GI and bleeding on probing (BOP). CONCLUSIONS: It is considered that IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-15, MCP-1, VEGF and IP-10 could be related to periodontal disease and health and can be used as an adjunct to clinical examination in future research design. Scanning cytokines in GCF with a multiplex immunoassay technique is consequential, especially because many cytokine types are found in one sample.

Relationship between periodontal destruction and gene mutations in patients with familial Mediterranean fever.

Recent studies have shown that genetic factors involved in the host responses might determine the disease severity for both familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) and periodontitis. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship of FMF with periodontitis and to search for the potential association between periodontitis and MEFV gene missense variations in patients with FMF. The study consisted of 97 FMF patients and 34 healthy volunteers. FMF patients were classified according to the kind of MEFV gene mutation: (1) patients with homozygous M694V gene mutation, (2) patients with heterozygous M694V gene mutation, and (3) patients with MEFV gene different mutations. Gingival Index (GI), Plaque Index (PI), probing pocket depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were measured in all participants. The results of multivariate logistic regression showed a highly significant association between homozygous M694V gene mutation and periodontitis in FMF patients (p < 0.05). After adjusting for potential confounders (smoking, body weight, age, and gender), FMF patients with homozygous M694V gene mutation were 3.51 (1.08-11.45) times more likely to present periodontitis than the other FMF patients. These results indicate that the presence of homozygous M694V gene mutation seems to increase the risk for periodontitis in FMF patients.

Periodontal disease in patients with psoriatic arthritis.

Rheumatological diseases and periodontal disease are both characterized by dysregulation of the host inflammatory response. The aim of this study was to determine the possible relationship between periodontitis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Fifty-one adults with PsA (27 men and 24 women; mean age 41.73 ± 11.27 years) and 50 age- and gender-balanced systemically healthy control subjects participated in the study. Participants' periodontal status as determined by probing pocket depth, clinical attachment loss (CAL), plaque index, and gingival index was evaluated. The CAL levels of the PsA group were significantly higher than those of the control group (p < 0.05) There were no statistically significant differences in the frequency of periodontitis, probing pocket depth, plaque index, or gingival index between the two groups. The results of the present study show that periodontitis severity as determined by CAL was higher in the PsA group; therefore, periodontal evaluation must be considered when PsA is diagnosed.