[The use of fixed expanders with orthodontic miniscrews support in children with mesial occlusion]. / Ispol'zovanie nes"emnykh rasshiritelei s vnutrikostnoi oporoi u detei s mezial'noi okklyuziei.

OBJECTIVE: Prevention of the development of pronounced skeletal abnormalities in patients with mesial occlusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Biometric analysis of control and diagnostic models of dentition was performed in 60 patients with dental anomalies before and after treatment in 3 mutually perpendicular planes to identify violations in the formation of dental arches by sagittal and transversal dimensions, and alveolar processes - by vertical dimensions (methods of A. Pont, G. Korkhaus). Measurements of 23 parameters of TRG and sections of CBCT were carried out using the modified Nad-Ars technique with analysis of skeletal parameters before and after treatment. Treatment was carried out using dilators for the upper jaw in combination with a facial mask and further dynamic observation using active retention devices. RESULTS: The results of treatment showed an increase in the length of the anterior segment of the upper dental arch by 2.8±0.55 mm (p<0.05 mm); expansion in the area of temporary molars by 2.85±0.65 mm (p<0.05); in the area of permanent molars by 2.75±0.55 mm (p<0.05); in the area of the apical basis of HF by 3.82±0.45 mm (p<0.05). The length of the lower dental arch in the anterior segment has not changed. Analysis of TRG parameters showed a significant increase in the values of

[The use of intraosseous appliances considering the anatomical features of the hard palate]. / Ispol'zovanie vnutrikostnykh apparatov s uchetom anatomicheskikh osobennostei tverdogo neba.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study. To improve the effectiveness of patients' treatment with narrow upper jaw by improving the stability of intraosseous devices. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 40 patients with the narrow upper jaw, from 12 to 40 years old, were treated. 50 self-drilling orthodontic miniscrews of each manufacturer, i.e. «BioRay¼, Taiwan, «Turbo¼, Russia, a total of 100 items, were inserted into a palate. RESULTS: The greatest thickness of the cortical bone relative to the sagittal plane was observed at a distance of 6 mm from the incisor canal, which averages 6.32 mm. Relative to the transversal plane, the greatest bone thickness was observed 3 mm laterally from the median palatine suture and averages 7.62 mm. The smallest thickness of the mucous membrane of the hard palate is noted 6 mm distal from the incisor canal and 3 mm laterally from the palatine suture is on average 4.56 mm. CONCLUSION: The protocol for determining the individual position of the miniscrew for each patient, taking into account all his anatomical features, is a necessary tool for clinical success.

[Orthodontic treatment as a stage of rational dental prosthetics]. / Ortodonticheskoe lechenie kak etap podgotovki k ratsional'nomu zubnomu protezirovaniyu.

OBJECTIVE: To improving the effectiveness of complex treatment of adult patients with the absence of individual teeth. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Clinical and radiological examination and comprehensive treatment of 37 patients with dental anomalies and the absence of individual teeth were carried out, 24 of them were women (average age 35 years), 13 men (average age 38 years). The patients were divided into two groups: the 1st group - 22 patients with distal occlusion; the 2nd group - 15 patients with mesial occlusion. RESULTS: The results of the developed algorithms for the complex treatment of patients with dental anomalies and the absence of individual teeth during the bite of permanent teeth are presented on a clinical example. The complex treatment included orthodontic treatment using a bracket system, functional fixed telescopic appliance, orthodontic mini screws for bone support and further rational prosthetics. After conducting a clinical and radiological examination and analyzing the data obtained, an individual patient treatment plan was developed, which included orthodontic and orthopedic stages. Orthodontic treatment made it possible to normalize the position of the teeth, the shape of the dental alveolar arches, occlusal planes, improve the bite, which made it possible to prepare the patient for rational prosthetics. The chosen treatment plan was optimal and correct for this patient: all the tasks were solved with changes not only at the dental alveolar level, a stable dental ratio was achieved and not only dental, but also facial parameters were improved. CONCLUSION: Orthodontic preparation of adult patients before orthopedic treatment significantly improves the quality of orthopedic treatment and allows to achieve the most stable functional and aesthetic results.

[Analysis of the fit quality of the metal frames on implants depending on the abutment taper]. / Analiz kachestva prileganiya metallicheskikh karkasov protezov na implantatakh v zavisimosti ot konusnosti abatmentov.

OBJECTIVE: The objectivewas to study the effect of changing the anglconvergence of the abutment walls, depending on their height, as well as the number of supports, on the accuracy of fitting metal-ceramic prostheses to the abutments. MATERIAL AND METHODS: It was studied 72 constructions: prostheses on single abutments with abutment heights from 3 mm to 9 mm with an increase in height of 2 mm, an angle of convergence of the abutment walls from 0° to 10° with an increase in convergence of 2° in the amount of 24 prostheses; 24 framework designs supported by two abutments, with the same parameters (height and angle of inclination of the abutment walls) and prostheses supported by three abutments in the amount of 24 designs. The abutments were milled from a titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V, and the prostheses were cast from a cobalt-chrome alloy. During fabrication of the prostheses, a compensation varnish was applied to the respective abutments to create a gap between the framework and the abutment for a 50 µm thick cement film. The crown prostheses were cemented onto the abutments with GC Fuji + glass-ionomer cement, followed by vertical sawing in the medio-distal direction. After sawing, the gaps between the inner edges of the prostheses walls and the outer edges of the abutment walls were measured using a «Levenhuk DTX 90¼ digital microscope (Russia) at x100 magnification. RESULTS: Abatement height 3 mm with any number of supports and 5 mm with up to 3 supports do not need taper for precise fitting. In 5 mm abatements and 3 and more supports minimal required taper is 2°. Seven mm singular abatement requires 4° taper, but the increased number of supports enhances it up to 6°. For 9 mm abatement optimal abatement taper for the best fitting is 8°. CONCLUSION: The study showed the relationship between the fitting accuracy and the change in the abutment taper, their height, and the number of supports in the structure.

[Justification for maintaining vitality of supporting teeth when using ceramic and metal-ceramic fixed dentures]. / Sokhranenie vital'nosti opornykh zubov pri primenenii keramicheskikh i metallokeramicheskikh protezov.

THE AIM OF THE STUDY: Was to assess the hemodynamics in the pulp of supporting teeth before and after their preparation for ceramic and metal-ceramic crowns. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study comprised 40 patients treated with ceramic and metal-ceramic fixed dentures. Pulp hemodynamics was assessed by bipolar reodentography 1, 5, 10 and 20 days after the preparation. RESULTS: At 10 days after dental preparation visual examination of the reodentogram configurations showed their approximation to the original data, which indicates the possibility of using vital teeth as supports for fixed dentures when following the rules of their preparation. CONCLUSION: Supporting teeth vitality in cases of their preparation for ceramic and metal-ceramic crowns may be maintained by the strict adhesion to preparation protocol.

[Analysis of the impact of toothpaste with detonation nanodiamonds of different concentrations on the enamel of human teeth]. / Analiz vozdeistviya zubnoi pasty s detonatsionnymi nanoalmazami razlichnoi kontsentratsii na emal' zubov cheloveka.

THE AIM OF THE STUDY: Was to evaluate the abrasive effect of toothpaste with detonation nanodiamonds synthesis of various concentrations on the enamel of human teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The analysis of micrographs obtained by scanning electron microscopy showed a different abrasive and polishing effect of nanodiamonds in all the observed anatomical zones on the vestibular surface of the enamel of human teeth. RESULTS: No negative effect of the paste containing nanodiamonds on the enamel of human teeth was noted. At all concentrations of pastes containing nanodiamonds, on the vestibular surface of the enamel of the studied teeth, depot areas of densely attached particles of nanodiamonds were formed, a tendency was observed towards the formation of depots. The enamel of human teeth was mostly influenced by the concentration of nanodiamonds (2%, 2.5%). On the surface of the enamel were formed not only a depot of single nanodiamonds, but also accumulations were noted, merging into a layer in the form of a protective film. CONCLUSION: The study showed that toothpastes with nanoalases can reduce the enamel porosity, form a protective film on its surface, and thereby increase its microhardness and increase caries resistance.

[Orthopedic treatment of maxillary defects with the use of the residual resection prosthesis with pneumatic obturator]. / Ortopedicheskoe lechenie defektov verkhnei chelyusti s primeneniem rezektsionnogo zameshchayushchego proteza s pnevmaticheskim obturatorom.

BACKGROUND: Due to the growth of oncological diseases of the maxillofacial region, there is an increasing need to improve methods of orthopedic treatment of post-resection defects of the upper jaw with modern designs of replacement prostheses. OBJECTIVE: Improving the quality of orthopedic treatment by creating an improved upper jaw resection prosthesis and justifying its use. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We studied the effectiveness of orthopedic treatment of post-resection defects of the upper jaw using the proposed replacement prosthesis with a pneumatic obturator. A special questionnaire was used to analyze the level of adaptation and maladaptation of patients. RESULTS: There was a significant decrease in complaints and adaptation time in the group of patients with a replacement prosthesis with a pneumatic obturator. CONCLUSION: The use of the proposed resection removable prosthesis helps to reduce the period of adaptation to the prosthesis, which indicates that it can be widely used in clinical practice.

[Caries preventive effect of toothpastes with detonation nanodiamonds on the dental enamel of rats]. / Vliianie zubnoi pasty s detonatsionnymi nanoalmazami razlichnoi kontsentratsii na émal' zubov krys.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the abrasive effect of toothpaste with nanodiamonds of detonation synthesis of different concentrations on tooth enamel of experimental animals (rats). The analysis of microphotographs obtained by scanning electron microscopy from all studied groups showed different abrasive and polishing effects of nanodiamonds in all observed anatomical zones on the vestibular surface of rat tooth enamel. At all concentrations of pastes containing nanodiamonds, tightly attached nanodiamonds were observed on the vestibular surface of the enamel of the teeth under study, there was a tendency to the formation of depots. It is interesting to note that on the enamel of the teeth of rats, even after treatment with a paste with the lowest concentration of nanodiamonds 0.5%, except for single deposits of nanodiamonds, in some places there were clusters that combine into a layer in the form of a protective film.The study showed that toothpaste with nanolaser capable of reducing the porosity of the enamel on its surface to form a protective film, thereby increasing its microhardness, and resistance.

[Quality of oral surgery and patients' satisfaction in state and municipal clinics]. / Kachestvo stomatologicheskoi khirurgicheskoi pomoshchi i udovletvorennost' eiu patsientov gosudarstvennykh i munitsipal'nykh poliklinik.

The aim of the multicenter study was to assess quality of oral surgical procedures and patients' satisfaction in state and municipal clinics in different regions of Russian Federation. A questionnaire survey was conducted in 3 regions of Russian Federation: European (Moscow, Tula, Tambov, Kaluga, Volgograd), North (Saint-Petersburg, Novgorod, Tver) and South (Armavir, Derbent, Kaspiysk, Kislovodsk, Makhachkala, Pyatigorsk, Rostov, Sochi, Stavropol). Sixty-six males and 34 females undergoing surgical dental treatment in public and municipal dental clinics (total number - 100 patients) at the age of 20 to 70 years (an average age was 36,3 and 39.5, respectively) were included in the study. Comparative analysis of patients' satisfaction rates in relation with expert evaluated quality of oral surgery is presented.

[Use of Bologne declaration positions in native postgraduate education of doctors stomatologists].

Results of sociological study done among teachers of the system postgraduate education of doctors stomatologists were presented. There were determined the most significant Bologne declaration positions for the use in postgraduate education of doctors stomatologist. The basic obstacles for these positions realization in native postgraduate education were uncovered.

[Study of alternating magnetic field influence on rates of rehabilitation of patients after dental implantation].

New way of using alternating magnetic field is described. Basic functional description of new treatment and diagnostic offered (patents of RF No75294 and 75314), which included digital plethysmograph and regulation of angiotonic microcirculation channel device. Comparative estimation of clinical and functional indiced of regional blood flow of patients in the main group and in the control group showed a positive correlation. Expressed influence of alternating magnetic field on frequency of oscillations pulse vessels microcircution channel and acceleration of leveling disorder of blood circulation in tissue after surgical treatment was proved.

[Use of alternating magnetic field with the frequency of spontaneous local vessels oscillation for rehabilitation of patients after dental implantation].

New software-hardware system for diagnostic and treatment (RF patents: number 75294, 2008 and number 75314, 2008) allowing to use the technique of microcirculatory bed regional pulse vessels control (RF patent number 2383369, 2008) for optimization of patients' rehabilitation process after dental implantation operation. It was shown the normalizing action of alternating magnetic field with the frequency of spontaneous local vessels oscillation by comparison of regional blood flow indices.

[Functional status of pulp vessels in case of hard dental tissues preparation for metal ceramic crowns. Results of the study].

Rheodentography (RDG) was used for the study of functional status (vasodilatation or vasoconstriction) of pulp vessels before and after making preparation of hard dental tissues of different volumes as the treatment of partial loss of teeth with metal ceramic crowns. 57 patients were divided into 2 groups--with reduced tone of peripheral vessels (27.2% of the all examined patients) and increased tone of peripheral vessels (72.8%). RDG was registered before the teeth preparation, during 1st week after preparation and also 2, 3 and 4 weeks after preparation when the regular stage of metal ceramic construction making was delivered. All in all 228 RDG were registered, they were estimated visually and quantitatively by amplitude-temporal indices. Differentiated approach was recommended to prosthetic treatment of partial loss of teeth with the help of metal ceramic constructions, demanding deep preparation of hard dental tissues in patients with clinically healthy periodontal tissues having reduced and increased tones of peripheral vessels and in patients with parodontitis.

[Parodontal tissues microcirculatory status of the abutment teeth in cases of restricted dentition defect prosthetic treatment].

The study of the parodontal tissues microcirculatory status of the abutment teeth in restricted dentition defect has established that microvessel reaction in gingival tissues at the stage of supporting teeth preparation was accompanied by development of congestion development in microcirculatory bed that was relieved in 2 weeks in intact parodontium and in case of its inflammation--increased even greater. Functional loading of supporting teeth in case of restricted dentition defect prosthetic treatment with bridge constructions led to congestive hyperemia in gingival microcirculatory bed that was relieved in 1-3 months depending upon the parodontium status.

[Hemodynamics in the pulp of abutment teeth after their preparation for metal-ceramic denture restoration at various degree of lateral wall convergence]. / Gemodinamika v pul'pe zubov, preparirovannykh dlia izgotovleniia metallokeramicheskikh protezov pri razlichnoi stepeni konvergenstii bokovykh stenok.

Reaction of the pulp to degree-by-degree changes (from 3 to 18 degrees) in inclination of lateral walls of abutment teeth during preparation for cermet dentures was studied by the functional diagnosis methods (electroodontodiagnosis, rheodentography) in 50 patients with intact abutment teeth. Changes in dental pulp electric conductivity and hemodynamics depended on the inclination angle formed during preparation. The optimal safe angle of the lateral wall inclination was determined to be 3-12 degrees. Increase of the angle (> 12 degrees) can lead to traumatic pulpitis.

[The dynamics of the colonization by the microbial flora of the mouth of the different materials used for dental prosthetics]. / Dinamika kolonizatsii mikrobnoi floroi polosti rta razlichnykh materialov, ispol'zuemykh dlia zubnogo protezirovaniia.

Colonization of materials used for making dentures with oral microflora was studied in 12 patients with chronic generalized medium severe periodontitis during remission. Time course of dentures colonization with representatives of oral microflora (S. sanguis, Peptostreptococcus sp., Prevotella oralis) and with bacteria pathogenic for the periodontium (Prevotella melaninogenica, A. naeslundii, Fusobacterium sp.) depends on the material from which the dentures are made. Minimal colonization of bacteria pathogenic for the periodontium was observed on cermet dentures.

[Morphological changes in the periodontium from the use of different designs of metal ceramic dentures]. / Morfologichsekie izmeneniia v parodonte pri primenenii razlichnykh konstruktsii metallokeramicheskikh protezov.

Morphological changes in the periodontium during the use of cermet crowns of different design were studied in experimental animals. The status of the periodontium was found to depend on the level of crown fixation with respect to gingival edge. Histological findings had show that position of a cermet crown at the level of the gingival edge does not involve appreciable changes in the periodontium, though preparation of abutment teeth with the formation of a step be considered as preferable. A subgingival position of cermet crowns leads to development of an inflammatory reaction in the periodontium, the severity of this reaction being related to a great measure to the method of the tooth preparation. If a step is formed during preparation of a tooth, the inflammatory changes are less pronounced than when there is no step formed. In the latter case the pathological changes were seen in the periodontium. The authors come to a conclusion that cermet crowns should be fixed at the level of the gingival edge. When making cermet crowns, abutment teeth should be prepared with the formation of a pericervical step.

[Hemodynamics in the pulp of abutment teeth after their preparation for metal-ceramic denture restoration]. / Gemodinamika v pul'pe opornykh zubov posle ikh preparirovaniia dlia izgotovleniia metallokeramicheskikh protezov.

The paper presents the results of functional examination of pulpal and periodontal vessels in 57 patients who underwent preparation of supporting teeth for making cermet dentures. Pulpal hemodynamics was studied by using rheodentography before and 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after tooth preparation. After preparation, the tooth pulp exhibited inflammatory sings which gradually alleviated and 14-28 days later there was stabilization of rheographic parameters of regional hemodynamics. In patients with intact periodontium, circulatory recovery occurred on days 14-21, while in those with periodontitis it took place on days 21-28.