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BACKGROUND: The clinical outcomes of CD34 and CD10 antigens expression in adolescent and young adult (AYA) precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (pre-B-ALL) is not still well established. In the present study, we analyzed the laboratory characteristics and clinical outcomes of 123 AYA pre-B-ALL patients in order to evaluate the possible clinical significance of these markers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the current study clinical data of 123 consecutive AYA pre-B-ALL patients aged 18-39 years old, enrolled in adult hematology-oncology unit from December 2014 to April 2019 was analyzed. Patient clinical outcome was calculated as overall survival and disease-free survival. RESULTS: Overall, 76.4% of patients showed CD34 expression and CD10 expression was found in 90.2%. CD34 and CD10 expression was associated with higher total leucocyte count, increased peripheral blood blast percentage, and decreased platelet count. Overall survival and disease-free survival were both significantly better in CD34 negative and CD10 negative patients compared to their CD34 positive and CD10 positive counterparts. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSION: Expressions of CD34 and CD10 are adverse prognostic factors in AYA pre-B-ALL patients and the presence of these antigens influences the clinical outcome of these patients.
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Background The study was conducted to find the prevalence of hemoglobinopathies along with their geographical/ethnic distribution to highlight the region of high prevalence that can be used to guide screening. Method Results of blood samples received for hemoglobin variants determination by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were retrospectively analyzed at Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore. Blood samples were assayed for CBC (complete blood count), red blood cell morphology, and hemoglobin analysis by HPLC. CBC was performed on Sysmex XN 9000 analyzer (Sysmex, Kobe Japan), peripheral smears to review RBC morphology were stained with Wright-Giemsa stain, and HPLC was performed on BIO-RAD variant II (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, USA). Results Hemoglobinopathies were identified in 9.7% (n=997) out of 10,297 samples. Beta thalassemia trait was the most common hemoglobinopathy recognized with a prevalence of 5% (n=516), with the maximum number of cases in the Lahore district of Punjab province. The next most common hemoglobinopathy identified was sickle cell disease with a frequency of 1.43% (n=148) and the maximum cases from the Dera Ismail Khan district of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. The additional important hemoglobinopathies found were sickle cell trait, hemoglobin-D Punjab trait, and compound heterozygote for sickle and beta thalassemia. Conclusion Hemoglobinopathies are the most common inherited disorders in Pakistan and worldwide. Screening for hemoglobinopathies is recommended in high-prevalence districts of Pakistan. Sickle cell screening is also recommended in newborns in the high prevalence area of Pakistan, such as the northwest regions.