Dermatological Lesions of Cholesterol Embolisation Syndrome and Kaposi Sarcoma Mimic Primary Systemic Vasculitis: Case report study.

Primary systemic vasculitis can present with a wide spectrum of manifestations ranging from systemic non-specific features such as fever, malaise, arthralgia and myalgia to specific organ damage. We describe two cases of cholesterol embolisation syndrome and Kaposi sarcoma mimicking primary systemic vasculitis, both of which were characterised by features such as livedo reticularis, blue toe syndrome, a brown purpuric skin rash and positive perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies associated with Kaposi sarcoma. Establishing the right diagnosis was challenging and thus this report aimed to highlight the possible ways to distinguish them from primary systemic vasculitis.

Acquired Dermal Macular Hyperpigmentation Mimicking Dowling Degos Disease: A Case Report.

Acquired dermal macular hyperpigmentation (ADMH) is a recently coined term to encompass lichen planus pigmentosus (LPP), erythema dyschromicum perstans (EDP), and Riehl's melanosis. Here we report a 60 -year- old female, with an insignificant past medical history, who presented to the dermatology clinic, with slightly itchy skin lesions on her body. The lesions were slowly increasing in number over the last 10 years. The patient was otherwise healthy and was not taking any medications. A review of systems was unremarkable. There was no similar case in the family and the parents did not show consanguinity. Skin examination revealed multiple well-defined non-scaly brownish macules scattered on her body. In addition, bilateral macules and papules were present in the inframammary folds. There were no skin lesions in the axillae, groin, and intergluteal folds. Differential diagnoses include Dowling Degos Disease (DDD), LPP, and EDP. A 4 mm punch skin biopsy was taken from skin lesions under the breast. It revealed hyperkeratosis, hypergranulosis, and acanthosis. The dermis showed a band-like infiltrate of mononuclear histiocytic cellular infiltrate with basal layer degeneration. According to the above clinicopathological findings, the diagnosis of lichen planus was made. The patient was reassured. She was started on hydroxychlorquine 200 mg tab bid, a topical steroid, and topical calcineurin inhibitors, and was asked to follow up regularly in the dermatology clinic.

First Case of Erythema Nodosum Associated With Pfizer Vaccine.

Vaccine-related erythema nodosum is uncommon, especially after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine. This study presents the first case of the Pfizer vaccine associated with erythema nodosum. A 22-year-old healthy woman presented with a five-day history of several red painful areas with swelling in the lower extremities that started one day after receiving the first dose of Pfizer vaccine. Past medical history, laboratory investigation, and chest radiograph revealed normal results. Erythema nodosum is an immune reaction that manifests as multiple, painful nodules commonly seen on the shin that resolved spontaneously two to eight weeks after the onset. In the absence of laboratory and chest radiograph abnormalities and shortly after receiving the Pfizer vaccine, vaccine-related erythema nodosum is the only possible explanation.