Dynapenic abdominal obesity is related to cardiovascular risk in older adults with Parkinson's disease: A cross sectional study.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Currently, the impact of nutritional status in Parkinson's disease over the cardiovascular risk is poorly understood. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate dynapenic abdominal obesity and its influence in anthropometric parameters of cardiovascular risk in older patients with Parkinson's disease. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study involving outpatients diagnosed with Parkinson's disease in two treatment centers in northeast of Brazil. We included patients who aged 60 years and older. The data was collected from January to July of 2019. For abdominal obesity, waist circumference was used. For dynapenia, Handgrip Strength was measured. Dynapenic abdominal obesity was established as the coexistence of dynapenia and abdominal obesity. RESULTS: The dynapenic abdominal obesity occurred in 25% of the patients and was higher in women (p = 0.073). The dynapenic abdominal obesity group had a decreased muscle strength, higher values of Body Mass Index, a worse Waist Height Ratio; increased values of Fat Mass and percentual of Fat Mass and an increased value of Conicity Index (p < 0,05). CONCLUSION: The occurrence of dynapenic abdominal obesity in our population was related to the worsening of anthropometric values of cardiovascular risk. From our results we can suggest that the early identification of the coexistence of nutritional disorders, such as dynapenia and abdominal obesity can help in the appropriate intervention to mitigate the risks related to adverse events.

Elevated Serum Retinol and Low Beta-Carotene but not Alpha-Tocopherol Concentrations Are Associated with Dyslipidemia in Brazilian Adolescents.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of retinol, beta-carotene, and alpha-tocopherol serum concentrations in adolescents with dyslipidemia. A case series dyslipidemia study was conducted, with an attached control group, including 104 adolescents of public schools in Recife during the months of March/April 2013. Retinol, beta-carotene and alpha-tocopherol serum concentrations were analysed by high efficiency liquid chromatography. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, clinical and biochemical variables were analysed. Dyslipidemic adolescents had high serum concentrations of both retinol (p=0.007) and beta-carotene/apolipoprotein A-I ratio (p=0.034); they also had low concentrations of beta-carotene/total cholesterol (p<0.0001) and beta-carotene/apolipoprotein B ratios (p=0.033) when compared to the controls. The alpha-tocopherol serum status was not associated with dyslipidemia. Overweight, abdominal obesity, lipid profile markers, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures were more prevalent in dyslipidemic adolescents. The findings show an association between vitamin A and dyslipidemia in adolescents. However, additional investigations of this risk group are necessary to clarify the mechanisms of action of this nutrient in the pathogenesis of this syndrome, aiming at reducing cardiometabolic risks as of earlier ages.

Retinolemia, consumo de vitamina A e pressão arterial em idosos / Retinolemia, vitamin A intake, and blood pressure in the elderly

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a retinolemia e o consumo de alimentos-fonte de vitamina A e a sua associação com os níveis pressóricos arteriais em idosos. Consiste em estudo transversal, com amostra sistemática de 297 idosos inscritos no Programa de Saúde da Família de Camaragibe, Pernambuco, no período de novembro/dezembro de 2003. O status de vitamina A foi avaliado pela retinolemia (HPLC) e pelo consumo de alimentos-fonte de vitamina A (questionário de freqüência alimentar). Os níveis pressóricos arteriais foram classificados segundo a V Diretriz Brasileira de Hipertensão Arterial. Encontrou-se prevalência de retinolemia inadequada (μmol/L) de 26,3 por cento (IC95 por cento 21,4-31,9). A freqüência de consumo alimentar de vitamina A pré-formada (>3x/semana) foi menor (p=0,000) do que dos alimentos pro-vitamina A. A prevalência de hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) foi de 58,6 por cento (IC95 por cento 52,7-64,3), com destaque para a hipertensão sistólica isolada. A retinolemia não mostrou correlação (p> 0,05) com o consumo dietético de vitamina A. Por sua vez, os níveis pressóricos também não apresentaram associação (p> 0,05) com o consumo de vitamina A. No entanto, a média da retinolemia foi maior (p= 0,02) no grupo de idosos classificados com HAS Estágio I, comparada àquela observada para o grupo de idosos com pressão arterial classificada como ótima/normal. Os achados evidenciam a vulnerabilidade dessa população à hipovitaminose A e à HAS. No entanto, o papel da vitamina A na modulação da função endotelial e na resposta inflamatória associada a HAS precisa ser mais bem investigado.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the retinolemia and consumption of vitamin A rich foods and their association with blood pressure levels in the elderly. This is a cross-sectional study, with a systematic sample of 297 elderly subjects enrolled at the Family Health Program of Camaragibe, Pernambuco, between November/December of 2003. Vitamin A status was assessed by retinolemia (HPLC) and by the consumption of vitamin A rich foods (food frequency questionnaire). Blood pressure levels were classified according to the V Brazilian Guidelines on Hypertension. A prevalence of inadequate retinolemia (μmol/L) of 26.3 percent (CI95 percent 21.4-31.9) was found. The frequency of preformed vitamin A intake (>3x/week) was lower (p=0.000) than the provitamin A intake. The prevalence of systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) was 58.6 percent (CI95 percent 52.7-64.3). Isolated systolic hypertension was more prevalent among subjects. There was no correlation between retinolemia and vitamin A rich-food intake (p>0.05). In addition, there was no association between blood pressure levels and vitamin A rich-food intake (p>0.05). However, retinolemia in the elderly classified in stage 1 of SAH was higher (p=0.02) than in the elderly with great/normal blood pressure. The findings suggest a vulnerability of these subjects to hypovitaminosis A and SAH. Nevertheless, the role of vitamin A in the endothelial function modulation and inflammatory responses associated to SAH should be addressed in future studies.

[Retinolemia, vitamin A intake, and blood pressure in the elderly]. / Retinolemia, consumo de vitamina A e pressão arterial em idosos.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the retinolemia and consumption of vitamin A rich foods and their association with blood pressure levels in the elderly. This is a cross-sectional study, with a systematic sample of 297 elderly subjects enrolled at the Family Health Program of Camaragibe, Pernambuco, between November/December of 2003. Vitamin A status was assessed by retinolemia (HPLC) and by the consumption of vitamin A rich foods (food frequency questionnaire). Blood pressure levels were classified according to the V Brazilian Guidelines on Hypertension. A prevalence of inadequate retinolemia (< 1.05 micromol/L) of 26.3% (CI95% 21.4-31.9) was found. The frequency of preformed vitamin A intake (> 3x/week) was lower (p = 0.000) than the provitamin A intake. The prevalence of systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) was 58.6% (CI95% 52.7-64.3). Isolated systolic hypertension was more prevalent among subjects. There was no correlation between retinolemia and vitamin A rich-food intake (p > 0.05). In addition, there was no association between blood pressure levels and vitamin A rich-food intake (p > 0.05). However, retinolemia in the elderly classified in stage 1 of SAH was higher (p = 0.02) than in the elderly with great/normal blood pressure. The findings suggest a vulnerability of these subjects to hypovitaminosis A and SAH. Nevertheless, the role of vitamin A in the endothelial function modulation and inflammatory responses associated to SAH should be addressed in future studies.