[Aerobic exercise and fatigue indices in rheumatoid arthritis patients in the health resort care setting]. / Aerobnye uprazhneniya i pokazateli ustalosti u bol'nykh revmatoidnym artritom v usloviyakh sanatorno-kurortnogo lecheniya.

Fatigue is one of the most common symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). There is strong evidence that physical activity is an effective way to reduce fatigue. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of aerobic exercise (walking) to reduce fatigue in RA patients in the health resort setting. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study involved 102 female patients with RA (age 54.38±11.3 years, body mass index 20-29 kg/m2, DAS28-ESR ≤3.2, with severe fatigue of VAS ≥50) who received 21 days of health resort treatment. The health-improving and therapeutic complex includes dosed physical activity, aerobic exercises (walking). Visual analog scale (VAS0-100) and Bristol Rheumatoid Arthritis Fatigue Scale-Numerical Rating Scale (BRAF-NRS V2) were used to assess fatigue, and the 50-meter walking test was used to evaluate the functional status of patients. RESULTS: A correlation between walking duration and the number of steps at a distance of 50 m (p<0.001) as well as between these indices and fatigue (p<0.001) was shown. A positive effect of a standard three-week medical rehabilitation program for patients with RA on fatigue NRS severity (p=0.003) and NRS effect (p=0.037), as well as on patients' functional status (reduced time spent on the 50-meter test, p=0.01) was demonstrated. When comparing groups of RA patients with low (group 1, <5000-6000 steps per day) and optimal (group 2, ≥7000-8000 steps per day) aerobic exercise, positive results were noted in the short term (at 3 weeks) (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Aerobic exercise is a promising intervention for treating fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Medical rehabilitation in a resort setting is the best starting point to encourage performing regular physical activity, as well as the best way to develop exercise programs tailored to rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Toxicogenomic Effects in Rat Blood Leukocytes and Chemoprophylaxis of Radiation-Induced Carcinogenesis.

Toxicogenomic parameters were studied in the blood of female rats after exposure to ionizing γ-radiation in a dose of 4 Gy and chemoprophylaxis with α-difluoromethylornithine, eleutherococcus or leuzea extracts, which were used in animals with morphological manifestations of tumor growth under conditions of radiation-induced carcinogenesis. Life-time evaluation of toxicogenomic effects was carried out by express method for measurements of blood nucleotid DNA - fluorescent indication. The level of hyperaneu/polyploidy increased in the blood leukocytes of control rats 30 days after radiation exposure. A significant decrease of genotoxicity as a result of drug treatment in comparison with the number and multiplicity of tumors in irradiated animals was found only in the endocrine and reproductive organs of rats treated by eleutherococcus extract.

[Antitumor effect of dioxadet in intraperitoneal chemoperfusion treatment for advanced ovarian cancer in experimental setting].

The study of antitumor efficacy of dioxadet in chemoperfusion treatment of ascitic ovarian cancer was carried out in 125 Wistar female rats. Ovarian cancer was inoculated intraperitoneally at a number 1x10(7) tumor cells per rat. Intraperitoneal administration of dioxadet as well as chemoperfusion was performed once in 48 hours after the ovarian cancer inoculation. Dioxadet was used at maximal tolerated doses which were 1.5 mg/kg for intraperitoneal administration, 30 mg/kg for normothermic intraperitoneal chemoperfusion (IPEC), and 15 mg/kg for hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemoperfusion (HIPEC). Antitumor effects of dioxadet were estimated in increase of median survival. In the control group, where animals didn't receive any treatment, the median survival was 9 days. Increase of the median survival after intraperitoneal administration of dioxadet, IPEC and HIPEC with dioxadet was 211% (p=0,001), 244% (p=0,001) and 444% (p=0,001), respectively, compared to the control group. Hence, intraperitoneal chemoperfusion with dioxadet (normo- or hyperthermic) is more effective compared to standard intraperitoneal administration of the drug. At HIPEC with dioxadet potentiating antitumor action of hyperthermia and dioxadet on the ovarian cancer growth was achieved.

[Experimental technology of chemoperfusion treatment for abdominal carcinomatosis in ovarian cancer].

An experimental technology of normothermic intraperitoneal chemoperfusion and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemoperfusion with cisplatin and dioxadet has been elaborated to treat abdominal carcinomatosis in ovarian cancer. Antitumor effects of the treatment were evaluated for the duration of animal life. Normothermic intraperitoneal chemoperfusion and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemoperfusion with cisplatin and dioxadet in comparison with the standard intraperitoneal administration significantly increased the median life expectancy by 75-92%. Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemoperfusion with dioxadet demonstrated potentiation of antitumor effect of hyperthermia and dioxadet. Experimental technology is recommended for testing new drugs and methods of chemoperfusion for malignant tumors affecting the peritoneum.

[Comparative effects of difluoromethylornithine and tincture of Siberian ginseng root on radiation carcinogenesis and life span in rats].

Influence of alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) and tincture of Siberian ginseng root (TSGR) on radiation carcinogenesis and life span in rats has been studied. The results of the study demonstrate that DFMO as well as TSGR significantly improved survival and decreased incidence and multiplicity of malignant and benign tumors in rats subjected to ionizing radiation. Beneficial effect on the rat survival rate and anticarcinogenic action of DFMO were more expressed compared with TSGR.

[Inhibitory effect of bioginseng on radiation-induced carcinogenesis in rats].

Influence of bioginseng (biotechnological pharmaceutical drug from ginseng radix culture) on radiation-induced carcinogenesis has been studied. LIO female rats were divided into 3 groups. Rats of the first group (n=25) were used as intact control and weren't exposed to any influence. Rats of the second (n=50) and third (n=50) groups were exposed to single total body gamma-irradiation at a dose of 4 Gy. Animals of the 2nd group weren't exposed to any influence after irradiation, while animals of the 3rd group were given bioginseng with tap water (20 ml/l) until the end of study (438 days). In the control group 22,7% of animals developed tumors. In the 2nd group (irradiated control) 70% of animals were bearing multiple tumors one third of which were malignant. Mammary gland tumors were most frequent. Compared to the 2nd group the 3rd group receiving irradiation and bioginseng demonstrated the decrease in tumor incidence by 24.5% and 2,4 rate of decrease in tumors number. For the malign tumors was observed the decrease by 26.8% and 2,9 times, accordingly. For the mammary tumors the decrease was by 23.0% and 2,0 times, for mammary adenocarcinomas by 23.4% and 3,5 times, accordingly. The incidence and number of endocrine and reproductive organs tumors was 20,9% and 5,6 times, accordingly. Therefore, bioginseng effectively inhibits carcinogenesis induced by ionizing radiation in female rats.

[Anticarcinogenic effect of potassium salts of glucaric and glucuronic acid in induced models of cervical and esophageal tumors].

This study compares the anti-carcinogenic activity of calcium glucarate, potassium glucarate, and potassium glucuronate in cervix and esophagus induced cancer murine models. The cervical cancer induction was performed by tampons moistened with 0.1% solution of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a) anthracene (DMBA) applied intravaginally twice a week for 6 weeks in mice. Esophageal cancer was induced by oral administration of 10 mg of N-methyl-N-benzylnitrosoamine (MBNA) with drinking water for 1 month in rats. The 2 g per kilo of studied substances was administered orally with food immediately after the exposure to cancerogens for the period of 11 months. Compared to the control group the calcium glucarate, potassium glucarate and potassium glucuronate introduction reduced the incidence of cervical cancers by 20.4%, 32.1%, and 30.0% (p<0.05), accordingly; calcium glucarate introduction decreased only the medium number of the esophagus tumors by 44.3% (p<0.05); potassium glucarate and potassium glucuronate reduced the incidence of esophagus tumors by 35.1% and 61.3% (p<0.05) and their number by 32% and 58.5% (p<0.05), accordingly. Compared with calcium glucarate, potassium salts of glucaric and glucuronic acids inhibit cervical and esophageal carcinogenesis more effectively.

[Anticarcinogenic action of dietary supplement pheocarpin and its active component].

Anticarcinogenic action of dietary supplement Pheocarpin and its active component Natural Coniferous Complex (NCC), in particular, has been studied. Pheocarpin and NCC efficiently inhibited tumorigenesis in the mammary gland, large bowel, skin, cervix uteri and lungs. Pheocarpin offers considerable advantage as a means of reducing the risk of malignant disease.

[Investigation of the drug "Mamoclam" for the treatment of patients with fibroadenomatosis of the breast].

The clinical trial of a new drug "mamoclam" was carried out in patients with benign breast disease. The drug contains omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, iodine and chlorophyll derivatives and is produced from the brown sea alga laminaria. The study involved 33 patients (mean age 42.5 +/- 1.1 yrs). Two tablets were administered thrice a day for three months. Examination included clinical evaluation of symptoms of mastopathy and dysalgomenorrhea, breast sonography and mammography. Therapeutic response presented as reduced mastalgia, premenopausal syndrome, dysmenorrhea and algomenorrhea, breast cyst regression as well as attenuated pain associated with benign breast disease and palpation. Positive response was reported in 94%. The drug should be recommended for benign breast disease treatment.

[Study of an antioxidant dietary supplement "Karinat" in patients with benign breast disease]. / Izuchenie antioksidantnoi biologicheski aktivnoi dobavki k pishche "Karinat" u bol'nykh s fibroadenomatozom molochnykh zhelez.

A randomized double blind placebo-controlled trial of efficiency of a dietary supplement "Karinat" in patients with benign breast disease was carried out. Karinat contains beta-carotene 2.5 mg, alpha-tocopherol 5 mg, ascorbic acid 30 mg and garlic powder 150 mg per one tablet. Out of 66 patients, 33 patients were given karinat, 33 were given placebo. The patients reccived a tablet of karinal or placebo twice a day during 6 months. Examinations of the patients included clinical estimation of symptoms of mastopathy and dysalgomenorrhea, breast sonography and mammography. It was found that karinat reduced the severity of mastalgia, premenstrual syndrome, dysmenorrhea and algomenorrhea and caused regression of palpable symptoms of the breast fibromatosis. On the whole karinat had positive action in 75.8% that was significantly greater by 45.5% as compared with placebo. Karinat may be useful for the treatment of patients with benign breast disease.

[Study of the antioxidant drug "Karinat" in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis]. / Izuchenie antioksidantnogo preparata "Karinat" kak sredstva dlia lecheniia bol'nykh s khronicheskim atroficheskim gastritom.

A randomized double blind placebo-controlled trial of the drug karinat was carried out in patients with chronic multifocal atrophic gastritis. Karinat contains beta-carotene 2.5 mg, alpha-tocopherol 5 mg, ascorbic acid 30 mg and garlic powder 150 mg per tablet. Out of 66 patients, 34 received karinat, 32--placebo. Both karinat and placebo were administered for 6 months, one tablet twice a day. Karinat therapy improved digestion, the fibrogastroscopic pattern of mucosa, inhibited Helicobacter pylori infection, stimulated stomach activity, mitigated intestinal metaplasia and interfered with the epithelial proliferation of gastric mucosa. These therapeutic effects were more pronounced in the study group. On the whole, the effectiveness of the drug was significantly higher (29%). Karinat should be recommended for the management of chronic atrophic gastritis, a precursor of stomach cancer.

[Noninvasive transcranial electrostimulation of endorphin structures of the brain as a reparation activator: experimental and clinical parallels]. / Neinvazivnaia transkranial'naia élektrostimuliatsiia éndorfinnykh struktur mozga kak aktivator reparatsii: éksperimental'no-klinicheskie paralleli.

The authors evaluated the capacities of transcranial electrostimulation and the specific features of its impact on reparative regeneration of damaged tissues of different types, such as the dermal and gastroduodenal epithelium, hepatic cells, connective tissue, peripheral nerve fibers, on animal experimental pathological models and compared with the results of treatment of respective pathology in patients.

[The use of transcranial electrostimulation for pain relief in cancer patients]. / Primenenie transkranial'noi èlektrostimuliatsii v analgeticheskom rezhime u onkologicheskikh bol'nykh.

The report discusses whether transcranial electrostimulation in cancer patients can be accepted. A number of tumors were inhibited in an experiment using 120 rats. The procedure used in 80 cancer patients was followed by favorable changes in the concentration of several hormones. The antinociceptive action of electrostimulation is similar to that of narcotic analgetics.

[The inhibitory effect of water-soluble and liposomal beta-carotene on various models of carcinogenesis]. / Ingibiruiushchaia aktivnost' vodorastvorimogo i liposomal'nogo beta-karotina na razlichnykh modeliakh kantserogeneza.

The inhibitory effects of the newly-developed forms of beta-carotene--water-soluble and liposomal--have been studied in rats and mice bearing tumors induced in 4 models of carcinogenesis. Mammary tumors were induced by single injections of 1 mg methylnitrosourea into each gland. Esophageal tumors were induced in male rats by intragastric administration of 3 mg/kg methylbenzylnitrosoamine, thrice a week for 4 weeks. Tumors of the vagina and cervix uteri were induced by intravaginal painting with 25 mkg dimethylbenz(a)anthracene, twice a week for 6 weeks. Tumors of the lung were induced in female mice by intraperitoneal injection of 1 g/kg urethane, once a week for 6 weeks. With models I-III, animals received water-soluble beta-carotene (Aquiton-10) with drinking water (200 mg/I), on completion of carcinogen treatment and for another 9-12 months until the end of experiment. Urethane-treated mice received liposomal beta-carotene with drinking water (60 mg/l) 10 days before the beginning of carcinogen treatment and for another 6 months until the end experiment. Water-soluble beta-carotene failed to influence the carcinogenesis in the mammary gland and esophagus in rats; however, it significantly inhibited carcinoma development in murine vagina and cervix uteri (47.0%). Liposomal beta-carotene significantly inhibited lung adenomas (46.4%) and mammary carcinomas (55.6%) in urethane-treated mice.

[Experimental tests and clinical trials of the biologically active food additive Fibromed]. / Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia aprobatsiia biologicheski aktivnoi dobavki k pishche Fibromed.

A biologically active food additive--Fibromed--has been tested experimentally and clinically. The additive made from wheat bran by the Reacon Company contains no less than 40% of dietary fibre (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin). Its effect on multi-organ carcinogenesis induced by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) and lipid metabolism was tested in rats. Tumors were induced by combined intramammary injections and intrarectal infusions of the agent. Fibromed was fed (20% by weight) during post-initiation period. It effectively inhibited the development of mammary and colonic tumors and reduced serum-blood cholesterol, triglycerides and beta-lipoproteids. The influence of Fibromed treatment on stool during early post-operative period was studied in surgical cases of colorectal cancer. When administered in a dose of 60 g, daily, starting from days 4-5, Fibromed restored intestinal function 36 hr earlier than in controls. Fibromed should be recommended for prevention of breast and colonic tumors, lipid metabolism disorders and rehabilitation of patients who underwent surgery for colorectal cancer.

[The inhibition of the development of experimental tumors of the cervix uteri and vagina by using tinctures of the cultured-cell biomass of the ginseng root and its germanium-selective stocks]. / Tormozhenie razvitiia éksperimental'nykh opukholei sheiki matki i vlagalishcha s pomoshch'iu nastoek biomassy kul'tiviruemykh kletok kornia zhen'shenia i ego germanii-selektivnykh shtammov.

The anticarcinogenic effects of bioginseng and two germanium-selective drugs produced by cultivating cells of ginseng radix (Panax ginseng C. A. Mey) in a conventional medium or in media containing organogermanium compounds were studied. Squamous-cell carcinomas of the uterus cervix and vagina were induced by intravaginal applications of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene in mice. The drugs of ginseng were used orally or intravaginally during a long period of time of the postinitiation stage of carcinogenesis. All the drugs used locally effectively inhibited the development of induced carcinomas of the uterus cervix and vagina. When orally used, the drugs of ginseng exhibited only an insignificant tendency to inhibit the carcinogenesis of uterus cervix and vagina. The anticarcinogenic effects of the compared drugs were similar.

[An experimental study of the possibilities of using pentoxifylline for the prevention of cancer at different sites]. / Eksperimental'noe izuchenie vozmozhnostei primeneniia pentoksifillina dlia profilaktiki raka ralichnykh lokalizatsii.

Three models of cancerogenesis were used to test the anti-cancerogenic effects of pentoxiphylline. In female rats, breast adenocarcinoma was induced by intramammary injections of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) or colonic and rectal adenocarcinomas by intrarectal instillations of MNU. In female mice, squamous cell carcinomas of the cervix uteri and vagina were induced by intravaginal applications of 7,12-dimethyl-benz(a) anthracene (DMBA). Pentoxifylline was given with drinking water at a concentration of 500 mg/l long at the stage of carcinogenesis promotion/progression. Pentoxifylline exerted a strong inhibitory effect on the development of mammary tumors and a moderate inhibitory effect on the development of colonic and rectal tumors induced by MNU in rats. However, the drug did not affect the development of cervical and vaginal tumors caused by DMBA in mice.

[Clinico-experimental study of using plant preparations from the flowers of Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim for the treatment of precancerous changes and prevention of uterine cervical cancer]. / Kliniko-éksperimental'noe izuchenie vozmozhnostei primeneniia fitopreparatov iz tsvetkov labaznika viazolistnogo dlia lecheniia predrakovykh izmenenii i profilaktiki raka sheiki matki.

The paper reports the results of the experimental and clinical evaluation of the administration of drugs prepared from flowers of Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim for cervical dysplasia and cancer treatment. Local administration of decoction resulted in a 39% drop in the frequency of squamous-cell carcinoma of the cervix and vagina induced in mice by 7,12-dimethyl-benz(a)anthracene treatment. Positive response was recorded in 32 patients (67%), including 25 cases (52%) of complete regression of dysplasia, out of 48 cases of cervical dysplasia treated with courses of ointment application. No recurrence was observed in 10 completely cured patients within 12 months.