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INTRODUCTION: In recent years, researchers have been looking for tools and biomarkers to identify urinary tract infections (UTI) in children. Since there exists no systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the matter, the present study intends to determine the diagnostic value of serum and urinary levels of interleukins (IL) in the diagnosis of febrile UTI in children and adolescents. METHODS: Medline, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched until the end of 2020, using keywords related to UTI and serum and urinary ILs. Two independent researchers included relevant studies and summarized the data. Analyzed data were reported as standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS: Data from 23 articles were included in the present study. Analyses showed that IL-6, IL-8, IL 1 beta and IL-1 alpha urinary levels are significantly higher in children with UTI than that of other children. Moreover, serum levels of IL-6 and IL-8 in children with UTI were significantly higher than that of healthy children. However, IL-6 and IL-8 serum levels were not significantly different between children with UTI and non-UTI febrile group. Finally, the area under the curve of urinary IL-6 and IL-8 and serum IL-8 levels in the diagnosis of pediatric UTIs were 0.89 (95% CI: 0.86, 0.92), 0.95 (95% CI: 0.92, 0.96) and 0.80 (95% CI: 0.77, 0.84), respectively. CONCLUSION: The findings of the present study showed that the diagnostic utility of ILs 8 and 6 urinary levels is most desirable in the detection of febrile UTIs from other febrile conditions in children and adolescents, in comparison with the diagnostic utility of other ILs' urinary and serum levels in the detection of febrile UTI. However, even after nearly 3 decades of research on these biomarkers, their optimal cut-off points in diagnosing pediatric UTIs are still to be determined in further studies.
Asunto(s)
Interleucina-8 , Infecciones Urinarias , Adolescente , Biomarcadores/orina , Niño , Fiebre/diagnóstico , Humanos , Interleucina-6 , Interleucinas , Infecciones Urinarias/diagnóstico , Infecciones Urinarias/orinaRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: There is still controversy over the value of renal angina index (RAI) in predicting acute renal failure (AKI) in children. Therefore, the present study aims to provide evidence by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis on the value of RAI in this regard. METHODS: An extensive search of Medline, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science databases was conducted by the end of January 2020 using words related to RAI and AKI. Two independent reviewers screened and summarized the related studies. Data were analysed using STATA 14.0 statistical program and discriminatory precision of RAI was assessed. RESULTS: Data from 11 studies were included. These studies included data from 3701 children (60.41% boys). There were 752 children with AKI and 2949 non-AKI children. Pooled analysis showed that the area under the ROC curve of RAI in prediction of AKI was 0.88 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.85 to 0.91]. Sensitivity and specificity of this tool in predicting AKI were 0.85% (95% CI: 0.74% to 0.92%) and 0.79% (95% CI: 0.69% to 0.89%), respectively. The diagnostic odds ratio of RAI was 20.40 (95% CI: 9.62 to 43.25). CONCLUSION: The findings of the present meta-analysis showed that RAI is a reliable tool in predicting AKI in children.
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AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of topical use of Matricaria recutita L oil in the treatment of enuresis in children. METHODS: Eighty patients diagnosed as monosymptomatic nocturnal or daytime enuresis were allocated to receive Matricaria recutita L (chamomile) oil or placebo topically for 6 weeks in a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial with a parallel design. Patients were evaluated prior to and following 8 weeks of the intervention in terms of frequency of enuresis and any observed adverse events. RESULTS: The mean frequency of enuresis at the first, second, and third 2 weeks was lower in the intervention group compared with the placebo group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < .001, P = .03, and P < .001, respectively). There was no report of any adverse event in the study groups. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study showed that the topical use of (chamomile) oil can decrease the frequency of nocturia in children with monosymptomatic nocturnal or daytime enuresis.
Asunto(s)
Matricaria/química , Enuresis Nocturna/tratamiento farmacológico , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico , Administración Tópica , Adolescente , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Extractos Vegetales/administración & dosificación , Resultado del TratamientoAsunto(s)
Proteínas de la Membrana/genética , Síndrome Nefrótico/congénito , Linfoma de Burkitt/complicaciones , Cromosomas Humanos Par 19/genética , Consanguinidad , Exones/genética , Resultado Fatal , Genotipo , Humanos , Lactante , Irán , Fallo Renal Crónico/etiología , Fallo Renal Crónico/cirugía , Trasplante de Riñón , Masculino , Síndrome Nefrótico/complicaciones , Síndrome Nefrótico/genética , Fenotipo , Sitios de Empalme de ARN/genética , Empalme del ARN/genética , Análisis de Secuencia de ADNRESUMEN
Epididymo-orchitis is an uncommon complication of posterior urethral valve. A four-year-old boy was admitted because of right-sided epididymo-orchitis. Scintigraphy of the scrotum showed increased uptake of radiotracer on the right side. The posterior urethral valve was disclosed by voiding cystourethrography. Ablation of the valve and antibiotic therapy made the patient free of symptoms.