RESUMEN
The p53 tumour suppressor protein inhibits malignant progression by mediating cell cycle arrest, apoptosis or repair following cellular stress. One of the major regulators of p53 function is the MDM2 protein, and multiple forms of cellular stress activate p53 by inhibiting the MDM2-mediated degradation of p53. Mutations in p53, or disruption of the pathways that allow activation of p53, seem to be a general feature of all cancers. Here we review recent advances in our understanding of the pathways that regulate p53 and the pathways that are induced by p53, as well as their implications for cancer therapy.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas Nucleares , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/fisiología , Animales , Apoptosis/fisiología , Ciclo Celular/fisiología , Cisteína Endopeptidasas/metabolismo , Reparación del ADN/fisiología , Genes p53 , Terapia Genética , Humanos , Pérdida de Heterocigocidad , Modelos Biológicos , Complejos Multienzimáticos/metabolismo , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Neoplasias/metabolismo , Neoplasias/terapia , Estrés Oxidativo , Fosforilación , Complejo de la Endopetidasa Proteasomal , Procesamiento Proteico-Postraduccional , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas/fisiología , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-mdm2 , Estrés Fisiológico/genética , Estrés Fisiológico/metabolismo , Transcripción Genética , Proteína p14ARF Supresora de Tumor/fisiología , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/deficienciaRESUMEN
It is evident from the mentioned studies that the medical and psychosocial effects of khat chewing are hazardous both to the individual and the community. The habituation of khat chewing seriously effects the psychoeconomic structure of the subject. Being aware of the increasing prevalence of khat chewing (often together with other drugs), it is essential to assess the health and socio-economic problems of khat habituation in order to take further, appropriate medical and social measures.