Adipogenic Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Hyaluronic Acid as a Cellular Compound for Bone Tissue Engineering.

This study investigates the applicability of adipose mesenchymal stem cells (mADSCs) and hyaluronic acid (HA) as a cellular compound for bone tissue engineering. A critical bone defect was created on each femur of 25 rats in vivo, receiving the following 5 graft treatments: I-Control-defect; II-HA; III-mADSCs; IV-mADSCs+HA; and V-previously osteoinduced mADSCs+HA. Evaluation using microcomputed tomography, histomorphometry, and RT-PCR analysis was performed 23 days after implantation. Microcomputed tomography analysis indicated higher means of bone contact surface (BCS) and bone surface density (BSD) for the mADSCs+HA group compared with Control and the HA groups (P < 0.05). Histomorphometric findings showed higher means of bone regeneration in the mADSCs+HA compared with HA and Control groups (P < 0.05). The RT-PCR ratios showed no difference in type 1 collagen (Col1A) gene expression or osteopontin (OP) gene expression, whereas for the osteonectin gene (ON) higher means were found in the HA and mADSCs osteoin+HA groups (P < 0.05). These results suggest that a combination of HA and mADSCs without prior osteoinduction might be applicable for bone tissue regeneration.

In vitro evaluation of cytotoxicity of hyaluronic acid as an extracellular matrix on OFCOL II cells by the MTT assay.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the cytotoxicity of hyaluronic acid (HA) on a tissue-engineered compound for bone grafting containing osteoblastic cells (OFCOL II), platelet-rich plasma (PRP) with or without thrombin (Thr), and hydroxyapatite (HP) by the MTT assay. STUDY DESIGN: Studied groups were formed as follows: (A) Cells + HA + PRP with Thr + hydroxyapatite (HP); (B) Cells + HA + PRP + HP; (C) Cells + HA + HP; (D) Cells + HP; (E) Cells + HA; (F) Cells + PRP with Thr; (G) Cells + PRP; and (H) Pure Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) with 15% fetal bovine serum. A 2-way ANOVA and Tukey's test were applied for statistical analysis (P < .05). RESULTS: Results of cell viability for each group were as follows: A: 79%, B: 67%, C: 68%, D: 99%, E: 74%, G: 89%, F: 90%, and Group H: 100%. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggested a decrease in cell viability in the presence of HA.

Cell culture-based tissue engineering as an alternative to bone grafts in implant dentistry: a literature review.

Several biomaterials and techniques for bone grafting have been described in the literature for atresic bone tissue replacement caused by edentulism, surgical resectioning, and traumas. A new technique involves tissue engineering, a promising option to replace bone tissue and solve problems associated with morbidity of autogenous grafting. This literature review aims to describe tissue-engineering techniques using ex vivo cell culture as an alternative to repair bone maxillary atresias and discuss the concepts and potentials of bone regeneration through cell culture techniques as an option for restorative maxillofacial surgery.