Altered serum levels of neuronal proteins and antibodies to them in occupational diseases of the nervous system.

Aclinical and immunological examination of men with occupational pathology, including vibration disease (VD), occupational sensorineural hearing loss (SHL), and chronic mercury intoxication (CMI), was carried out. The comparison group consisted of men comparable in age and total work experience. Serum concentrations of neurotrophins (S100ß, MBP, BDNF) and antibodies (ABs) to S100ß and MBP proteins were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. An increase in the level of the S100ß protein was shown in CMI, VD, and a tendency for its increase was found in SHL. In parallel, an increase in AB to the S100ß protein in VD and SHL and a decrease in AB in CMI were noted. A comparative assessment of MBP levels indicated a pronounced increase in its serum concentrations in patients with CMI and VD versus the comparison group. At the same time, an increase in the level of serum ABs to MBP in individuals with VD and SHL, and a decrease in patients with CMI were noted. In patients with CMI, a significant decrease in the BDNF concentration was found, while in SHL and VD, no statistically significant differences were found in comparison with the comparison group. The results obtained confirm importance of assessing serum concentrations of neurotrophic proteins and ABs to them in the case of occupational damage to the nervous system caused by exposure to physical and chemical factors.

[Assessment of the population and subpopulation composition of lymphocytes and their relationship in patients with sensorineural hearing loss]. / Otsenka populyatsionnogo i subpopulyatsionnogo sostava limfotsitov i ikh vzaimootnosheniya u patsientov s neirosensornoi tugoukhost'yu.

Study of the role of the phenotypic composition of lymphocytes, shifts in which can cause the development of various pathological processes, including sensorineural hearing loss, is an important area of modern research. Purpose of the study. To study the population and subpopulation composition of lymphocytes and their intercellular cooperation in persons with occupational sensorineural hearing loss. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Phenotyping of blood lymphocytes (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD9+, CD16+, CD20+, CD21+, CD23+, CD25+, CD95+) was performed by indirect immunofluorescence. RESULTS: Individuals with sensorineural hearing loss were found to have hyperactivation in both T- and B-cell links immunity. CONCLUSIONS: The revealed changes indicate a violation of immunoregulation through factors of intercellular cooperation, and the established relationships between populations and subpopulations of lymphocytes indicate increased activity components of the immune system, their important role in the implementation of the immune response in persons with sensorineural hearing loss.

[Comparative characteristics of cytokine and IgE levels in patients with bronchial asthma of professional and non-professional genesis]. / Sravnitel'naia kharakteristika tsitokinov i IgE u patsientov s bronkhial'noi astmoi professional'nogo i neprofessional'nogo geneza.

A comparative evaluation of serum concentrations of cytokines and IgE production in patients with occupational bronchial asthma (BA) caused by exposure to the toxic-dust factor of the aluminum industry and patients with asthma of unprofessional genesis was carried out. A more pronounced pro-inflammatory response has been found in patients with occupational BA characterized by hyperproduction of IL-1b, IL-8. While for persons with non-professional asthma, a decrease in IL-1b, IL-5, IL-10 is characteristic. The common pattern of the detected changes in the patients of both groups consists in an increase in the production of IgE (6 times in patients with occupational BA and 8.9 times with non-occupational asthma) and a decrease in serum concentrations of TNF-a. Various cytokine manifestations in occupational and unprofessional BA may be associated with different etiopathogenetic mechanisms of disturbance of intra-immune regulation, and also confirms the professional conditionality of the revealed changes in patients with BA who work in the aluminum industry.

[The evaluation of immunoregulatory markers in the course of neurointoxication by mercury over the post-exposure period].

There was executed the examination of patients with occupational chronic mercury intoxication in the post-exposure period after the exposure to metallic mercury vapor. 47 persons with an established diagnosis of chronic mercury intoxication (HMI) passed the laboratory and immunological examination in the period of exposure to metallic mercury vapor in a production environment. The average age of men accounted for 49.2±1.2 years. The experience of work in hazardous working conditions amounted of 21.65±1.61 years (1 observation). All these same cases were observed in the institute clinic again after 5 years (2 observation) and 10 years (3 observation). A control group of healthy men consisted of 47 cases included persons of representative both age and general work experience, without a professional route of contact with hazardous substances. The level of such cytokines as IL-1ß, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, TNF-a, INF-y and neurotropic IgG class antibodies directed to proteins of the nervous tissue (NF-200, GFAP, MBP, B-dependent Ca-channel, Glu-R, DA-R, R-GABA, Ser-R, R-Chol, DNA, B2GP) in serum were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. There was established the gain in the imbalance of inflammatory mediators and production ofneural antibodies in dynamics after the termination of the production in conditions of metallic mercury vapors. Revealed features of the regulatory relationship between the level of cytokines and the severity of the autoimmune process were shown to contribute to the maintenance and progression of neurodegenerative processes. There was recommended the identification of immunoregulatory markers (IL-1ß, IL-4, TNF-a, NF-AT to 200, GFAP, S-100) as an additional criteria for the diagnosis of health disorders in operating and monitoring the course of the progredient professional mercury intoxication.

[Detection of disordered immune responses to the chronic effects of vinyl chloride in the organism (clinical and experimental study)].

This paper considers the features of disorders of immunity in chronic exposure to vinyl chloride at work and in experimental animals. It is shown that one of the earliest and most sensitive indicators of the formation of the resistance of the organism employed in the manufacture of vinyl chloride, are: IgM, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, autoantibodies to neurospecific proteins (S-100, Vd-Ca channels and DNA).

[Altered immunologic reactivity in pregnant women living in ecologically unfavorable conditions]. / Narusheniia immunologicheskoi reaktivnosti organizma beremennykh zhenshchin, prozhivaiushchikh v usloviiakh ékologicheskogo neblagopoluchiia.

Pregnant women living in major industrial center near Baikal were proved to have disordered immune response associated not only with disbalance of helpers and suppressors, but also with altered activation of mononuclear phagocytes and T-helpers. The authors revealed relationships between genetic structures of HLA complex and activity of various links in immune system.