Correlations Between Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Endoscopic-Histologic Disease Activity in Adults with Ulcerative Colitis.

INTRODUCTION: Discordance between gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and endoscopic inflammation in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) is known. However, the correlations between symptoms and endoscopic and histologic (endo-histologic) mucosal healing and remains unknown. METHODS: We performed a secondary analysis of prospectively collected clinical, endoscopic, and histologic data on 254 colonoscopies from 179 unique adults at a tertiary referral center from 2014 to 2021. Spearman's rank was used to assess the correlation between patient reported outcomes and objective assessments of disease activity, as measured by validated instruments: Two-item patient-reported outcome measure (PRO-2) for stool frequency and rectal bleeding, the Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity (UCEIS) for endoscopic inflammation, and the Geboes score for histologic inflammation. The predictive value of objective assessments of inflammation and clinical symptoms was described using sensitivity, specificity, and positive/negative predictive value. RESULTS: One-quarter (28%, 72/254) of cases were in endo-histologic remission; of these, 25% (18/72) report GI symptoms (22% diarrhea; 6% rectal bleeding). Endo-histologically active disease had higher sensitivity (95% rectal bleeding; 87% diarrhea) and negative predictive value (94% rectal bleeding, 78% diarrhea) for clinically active disease compared to active disease on endoscopic (77%) or histologic assessment only (80%). The specificity of endo/histologic inflammation for GI symptoms was < 65%. PRO-2 was positively correlated with endoscopic disease activity (Spearman's rank 0.57, 95% CI 0.54-0.60, p < 0.0001) and histologic disease activity (Spearman's rank 0.49, 0.45-0.53, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: One-quarter of patients with ulcerative colitis in endo-histologic (deep) remission have gastrointestinal symptoms, more commonly with diarrhea than rectal bleeding. Endo-histologic inflammation has high sensitivity (≥ 87%) for diarrhea/rectal bleeding.

Prevalence and Correlations of Gastrointestinal Symptoms With Endoscopic and Histologic Mucosal Healing in Crohn's Disease.

To characterize the associations between clinical disease activity with endoscopic and histologic (endohistologic) mucosal healing in Crohn's disease, we performed a secondary analysis of prospectively collected data on 424 ileocolonoscopies from 258 unique adults at a tertiary referral center from 2014 to 2021. One-third of patients (34%, 25/73) in endoscopic-histologic remission reported gastrointestinal symptoms. The 2-item patient-reported outcome measure for abdominal pain and stool frequency correlated weakly with endoscopic (Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn's Disease; r = 0.17, 95% CI 0.08-0.26, P = 0.0003) and histologic disease activity (Global Histologic Disease Activity Score; r = 0.14, 95% CI 0.03-0.24, P = 0.015). Overall, gastrointestinal symptoms correlate poorly with endohistologic disease activity.