Management of trauma White weapons penetrating Head and Neck in the anesthesia department of the national hospital of Zinder in Niger: About five reported cases.

We report five cases of craniocervical trauma with knives. The occurrence circumstances were common to all injuries. The trauma was caused by a knife during a fight or an intentional injury. All the victims were farmers or ranchers. Their average age was 17 years, with extremes of 13 and 22 years. The cause was most often community conflict. Pre-hospital transport was non-medical for all patients. The average admission time was 3 h and the average management time was 4 h. General anesthesia with orotracheal intubation was the anesthetic technique used. The average length of hospital stay was seven days. The prognosis was overall favorable and the patients returned home without any sequels.

[Phacoemulsification versus manual small incision cataract surgery: Anatomic and functional results]. / Phacoémulsification versus chirurgie de cataracte par mini incision manuelle : résultats anatomiques et fonctionnels.

PURPOSE: Prospective randomised study to compare the impact of phacoemusification (PHACO) and small incision cataract surgery (SICS) on endothelial structure (cell density and morphology) and refractive results (visual acuity, induced astigmatism). METHODS: Prospective study of 57 patients (63 eyes) over 20 months (May 2012-January 2014) undergoing surgery by 2 experienced surgeons. We included patients with senile or presenile cataracts, LOCS III class 2, 3 and 4. Patients were randomized into 2 groups based on their birth month (group 1: PHACO [33]; group 2: SICS [30]). All pre- intra- and postoperative data were collected prospectively. The minimum follow-up was 6 months. We used the SPSS 18.0 for statistical analysis. Statistical tests used included the test-t Student, the Anova test, the Mann-Witney non-parametric test and the Khi2 test. A threshold of significance was set at 0.05. RESULTS: The mean preoperative endothelial cell density was 2447.5±225 c/mm2 with no significant difference between the two groups (P=0.207). The mean percentage of hexagonality was 55.5±8.2% in groups 1 and 2. The most significant cell loss was during the first immediate postoperative period for both groups. At Day 15 postoperative, the decrease in cell loss was significant (P<0.001) with a mean loss of 312.9±208.9 c/mm2 (P<10-2). Postoperatively, the mean best-corrected visual acuity was 0.057 log MAR for all of our patients (P=0.170); no patient had an acuity ≤1/10. The mean astigmatism at the conclusion of follow-up was 1.08±0.42 D in group 1 and 1.51±0.55 D in group 2, with a significant difference (P=0.001). CONCLUSION: Both SICS and PHACO give excellent results, both anatomical and refractive. However, SICS appears to be more advantageous than PHACO in terms of speed, cost, and independence from technology, and appears to be better suited to dense cataracts and mass surgery.