[Characteristics of anesthesiological support in vertebral surgery].

Vertebral operations are highly traumatic, prolonged and can cause significant blood loss, which requires effective anesthesiological defense. Inclusion of clofelin, a stress protector, into the anesthesiological provision scheme is an effective way of potentiating the protection of a patient from surgical stress. The development of neurological disorders is a severest complication during surgical interventions in vertebral surgery. The task that is important for a surgeon and an anesthesiologist in performing such operations is the maximum early recovery of patients from anesthesia and their muscular activity in the postoperative period in order to make a timely evaluation of their neurological status. The hypnotics propofol and dormicum and the myorelaxant nimbex were included into an anesthesiological provision program in 210 patients during surgical treatment of vertebral orthopedic pathology. The study indicated that the use of propofol and dormicum permitted a postanesthetic rapid recovery of patients from anesthesia without undesirable side effects. The myorelaxant nimbex is highly controlled, shows a clear dose-effect relationship, and produces a rapid recovery of neuromuscular conduction, which makes it possible to establish a timely diagnosis of neurological disorders.

[Electroencephalography monitoring at total and managed hyperthermia to 44 degrees C]. / Elektroéntsefalograficheskii monitoring pri obshchei upravliaemoi gipertermii do 44 gradusov C

In 34 patients the abstinence syndrome was treated by hypothermia (HT) with the EEG monitoring. HT was carried out under the general propofol-fentanil anesthesia. HT was achieved in the "Hirana" bath. The temperature was increased gradually by 1 degree C per 5 minutes up to 44 degrees C. EEG was recorded before anesthesia, as well as during and after the procedure. On the initial EEG alpha- and beta-rhythms were predominant. Under the anesthesia both alpha-rhythm frequency and amplitude were enhanced, spikes and wave discharges appeared. Under HT (t = 40-42 degrees C) low voltage and wave slowing were recorded. In the range t degree--42.5-43.4 degrees C EEG registered the appearance of clinically significant "biological break point", which was followed by neuropeptide destruction. At t degree--43-44 degrees C acute suppression and, then, electrocerebral silence were observed in a majority of patients. At the end of the procedure (t = 39 degrees C) EEG returned to the initial recording.

[Autonomic tone and energy metabolism in students during productive learning activities]. / Vegetativnyi tonus i énergozatraty u studentov v protsesse rezul'tativnoi uchebnoi deiatel'nosti.

Energy expenditures, autonomic functions, the severity of autonomic dysfunctions and personality traits were examined in 41 male students aged 18 to 23 years during their routine daily learning activities and after taking an exam in normal physiology. According to the characteristics of the baseline autonomic tone, all the examinees were divided into 3 groups: 1) those with elevated sympathetic tone EST; 2) those with elevated parasympathetic tone (EPT) and 3) an intermediate group with normal tone (NT). The EPT students showed the lowest energy exchange during routine daily learning activities. Examination-induced stress causes an elevation of mainly aerobic process in EST and EPT students. Anaerobic process increase in NT students at examinations. The parameters of autonomic functions due to examination stress also vary in students with different autonomic control. The students with EPT and worst marks showed significant changes in the measured parameters while these changes were significantly lower in EST students, but the changes in autonomic functions were much more profound in EST students who got good marks.

[P.K. Anokhin's theory of functional systems in the study of psychophysiological parameters of students' efficacious activity]. / Teoriia funktsional'nykh sistem P.K. Anokhina v izuchenii psikhofiziologicheskikh pokazatelei rezul'tativnoi deiatel'nosti studentov.

Psychophysiological characteristics of students' efficacious educational activity were studied in the context of P. K. Anokhin's theory of functional systems. Autonomic functions and dysfunctions and energy expenditures were measured in students during their daily educational activity and after oral examinations. Their physiological characteristics and personality traits were shown to be related to the results achieved by the students--to their marks got at examinations and to their reaction of satisfaction/dissatisfaction with their marks. The students who were satisfied with marks showed increased anxiety, vegetative vascular dystonia, and profound changes in energy expenditures and autonomic functions, i.e. a high physiological price for educational success. The students who failed displayed low physiological expenditures manifested by extraversion and were apparently healthy.

[The individual characteristics of the nociceptive sensitivity of Wistar rats correlated with the content of steroid hormones in the blood plasma]. / Individual'nye osobennosti notsitseptivnoi chuvstvitel'nosti krys linii Vistar v korreliatsii s soderzhaniem steroidnykh gormonov v plazme krovi.

In male rats of Wistar strain individual nociceptive sensitivity properties were studied in correlation with steroid hormones level in the plasma. Seven groups of experimental animals were observed remarkable for dynamics of nociceptive sensitivity. Repeatedly applied test painful stimuli caused reliable changes of corticosterone and testosterone level in the plasma. Individual differences were found of the level of steroid hormones in the plasma in rats from different groups.

Phosphorylation of the skeletal muscle AMP-deaminase by protein kinase C.

Protein kinase C catalyzes phosphorylation of the rat skeletal muscle AMP-deaminase in the presence of calcium ions and phosphatidylserine. At the same time, the catalytic subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase fails to phosphorylate AMP-deaminase. Ca2+, phosphatidylserine-dependent phosphorylation decreases three-fold (from 0.6 to 0.2 mM) the Km value and does not affect Vmax. Protein kinase C-induced phosphorylation of AMP-deaminase, besides ADP-ribosylation, is suggested to be involved in regulating the AMP-deaminase activity in vivo.

Synapsin I from human brain. Phosphorylation by Ca2+, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase.

Synapsin I has been isolated from human brain by a rapid and efficient purification technique, and its phosphorylation by human brain Ca2+, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase C) has been studied. The inhibitory effect of calmodulin on this process has been demonstrated. It is also found that non-esterified fatty acids and acidic phospholipids are inhibitory for synapsin I phosphorylation by Ca2+, calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II.

[Individual characteristics of the nociceptive sensitivity of rats during the formation of a negative emotional reaction]. / Individual'nye osobennosti notsitseptivnoi chuvstvitel'nosti krys pri formirovanii otritsatel'noi émotsional'noi reaktsii.

Changes in dynamics of nociceptive sensitivity in male rats of Wistar strain were studied during formation of negative emotional reaction. The procedure of blood's taking from the tail after its tip's amputation was used as negative emotional factor. The animals were divided into six groups by the criterion of individual properties of nociceptive sensitivity dynamics. On the whole it was found to decrease. Besides, one more group (the seventh group) was found with profound hypoalgesia caused by action of the negative emotional factor. It was also shown that formation of negative emotional reaction in two groups was not accompanied by changes of nociception. The data suggest a selective influence of negative emotional factor on nociceptive sensitivity.

[Dynamics of nociceptive sensitivity and blood levels of steroid hormones in Wistar rats]. / Dinamika notsitseptivnoi chuvstvitel'nosti i urovnia steroidnykh gormonov v plazme krovi u krys linii Vistar.

Changes in nociceptive sensitivity and the level of steroid hormones (corticosterone and testosterone) in the plasma of male Wistar rats were studied in repeatedly applied painful stimuli. According to the changes in nociceptive sensitivity the animals were divided into 6 groups. A reliable corticosterone increment and testosterone decrement in the plasma were caused by repeatedly applied painful stimuli. The data observed could be used as individual indices characteristic of animals of this strain.

[Characteristics of the nociceptive sensitivity of Wistar rats]. / Kharakteristika notsitseptivnoi chuvstvitel'nosti u krys linii Vistar.

Changes in sensitivity to repeated nociceptive stimuli permitted to divide male Wistar rats into 6 groups using the observed differences in nociceptive sensitivity dynamics as reliable indices.

[Microiontophoretic study of the chemical sensitivity of neurons in the medial hypothalamus to substance P in rats]. / Mikroionoforeticheskoe issledovanie khimicheskoi chuvstvitel'nosti neironov medial'nogo gipotalamusa k substantsii P u krys.

Chemical sensitivity of the medial hypothalamic neurons to microiontophoretically applied substance P was studied in male immobilized Wistar rats. Over half of the neurons responding to the substance P by either increase or decrease of their firing rate. Neurons were found that changed their responses under repeated application of the peptide. The immobilization stress in rats seems to induce changes in chemical sensitivity of the medial hypothalamus neurons to substance P.