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1.
Oral Dis ; 2024 Apr 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38622964

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the clinical characteristics and salivary biomarkers in each type of burning mouth syndrome (BMS) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety-eight postmenopausal female patients with BMS were included. Fifty and 21 patients were assigned to the primary and secondary groups, respectively. Twenty-seven patients with both primary and secondary characteristics were assigned to the intermediate group. Comprehensive clinical characteristics and salivary biomarkers were analyzed. RESULTS: Significant differences in age, proportion of hyposalivator patients based on unstimulated whole saliva (UWS), symptom distribution, severties of burning sensation and effect of oral complaints in daily life (Eff-life), and positive symptom distress index (PSDI) were observed among the three groups. The primary group had significant higher UWS flow rate, fewer UWS hyposalivator proportions, and lesser severity of Eff-life than the secondary group. The intermediate group had significantly greater intensities of burning sensation and Eff-life and higher PSDI score than did the primary group. The primary group had significantly higher cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) levels in stimulated whole saliva than did the secondary group. CONCLUSIONS: This study's findings show that clinical characteristics differentiate each BMS type. Cortisol and DHEA levels are potential salivary biomarkers for discriminating between the primary and secondary types of BMS.

2.
Biol Trace Elem Res ; 2024 Feb 20.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38376730

RESUMEN

This study aimed to investigate the effects of zinc compounds on the enzymatic activities of lysozyme, peroxidase, and the glucose oxidase-mediated peroxidase (GO-PO) system and their antifungal activities. Four different zinc compounds (zinc chloride, gluconate, lactate, and sulfate) were incubated with hen egg-white lysozyme (HEWL), bovine lactoperoxidase (bLPO), the GO-PO system, and human unstimulated whole saliva in solution and on a hydroxyapatite surface. Enzymatic activities of lysozyme, peroxidase, and the GO-PO system were measured through the hydrolysis of Micrococcus lysodeikticus, oxidation of fluorogenic 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin, and glucose assay, respectively. Interactions between zinc and enzymes were analyzed by surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and candidacidal activities of zinc compounds were examined against three Candida albicans strains. Zinc gluconate and sulfate significantly increased the enzymatic activities of salivary lysozyme in the solution assay and of HEWL and salivary lysozyme on the hydroxyapatite surface. However, all examined zinc compounds significantly decreased the enzymatic activities of bLPO and salivary peroxidase in solution and on the surface. SPR analyses revealed binding of zinc to lysozyme and peroxidase, with affinity differing according to the zinc compounds. The MIC of zinc compounds against C. albicans was 1.0-2.4 mM. Candidacidal activities were 17.7-38.8% and 23.7-47.0% at 1.0 and 10 mM concentrations, respectively. In conclusion, zinc compounds enhanced lysozyme activity but inhibited peroxidase activity. Zinc compounds exhibited concentration-dependent candidacidal activity against C. albicans. Zinc compounds are potential therapeutic agents for oral health, especially for geriatric patients.

3.
Clin Oral Investig ; 24(11): 3961-3970, 2020 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32206909

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the viscosity values of mixtures of hyaluronic acids with different molecular weights and the effects of these mixtures on the enzymatic activities of lysozyme and peroxidase. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Mixtures of high molecular weight (1 or 2 MDa) and low molecular weight (10 or 100 kDa) hyaluronic acids at different concentrations were used for viscosity measurements. Hyaluronic acid mixtures showing viscosity values similar to those of human whole saliva were used for enzyme experiments in solution and on hydroxyapatite surface. Hen egg-white lysozyme, bovine lactoperoxidase, and human whole saliva were used as enzyme sources. Lysozyme activity was measured by hydrolysis of fluorescein-labeled Micrococcus lysodeikticus. Peroxidase activity was measured by oxidation of fluorogenic 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein to fluorescing 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein. RESULTS: The mixtures of 1 MDa (0.5 mg/mL) or 2 MDa (0.2 mg/mL) hyaluronic acid with 10 kDa (2.0 mg/mL) or 100 kDa (0.1 mg/mL) hyaluronic acid had viscosity values similar to those of human whole saliva at shear rates, reflecting normal oral functions. Compared with single molecular weight hyaluronic acids, these mixtures showed viscosity values more similar to those of human whole saliva. The mixtures inhibited lysozyme and peroxidase activities on the hydroxyapatite surfaces; however, the degree of inhibition did not differ from that of hyaluronic acid of 1 or 2 MDa only. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with single molecular weight hyaluronic acids, hyaluronic acid mixtures showed viscosity values more similar to those of human whole saliva, without additional inhibitory effects on lysozyme and peroxidase activities. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Hyaluronic acid mixtures offer distinct advantages for the development of saliva substitutes.


Asunto(s)
Ácido Hialurónico , Muramidasa , Animales , Bovinos , Humanos , Peso Molecular , Peroxidasa , Peroxidasas , Saliva , Viscosidad
4.
Arch Oral Biol ; 97: 215-222, 2019 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30399508

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: Diagnostic value of saliva depends on the reproducibility of data in repeatedly collected samples and predictable correlations between saliva and blood. We aimed to investigate the reliability, blood reflectance, and influence of blood contamination in the analysis of inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in saliva samples. DESIGN: In total, 37 healthy young male participants (26.7 ± 2.2 years) were included. Unstimulated whole saliva and blood samples were collected on the first visit, and saliva samples were collected again after 2-3 days. The concentrations of total protein and inflammatory [C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-1ß, IL-6, and TNF-α] and oxidative stress [8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), malondialdehyde (MDA), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC)] biomarkers in saliva and blood, and as well as blood contamination biomarkers (transferrin and hemoglobin) in saliva were analyzed. RESULTS: The intra-class correlations of all examined biomarkers except TNF-α were fair to excellent. Significant positive correlations between CRP and IL-6 and between total protein and TAC were stable in the saliva samples collected on different days. Notably, IL-6 was the only biomarker that showed a significant correlation between saliva and blood. As the concentration of salivary transferrin increased, the saliva/blood ratios of total protein and TAC also increased. The concentration of salivary hemoglobin did not affect the saliva/blood ratios of biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study are limited to healthy young males. For clinical applications, studies on salivary diagnostics should be performed for individual disease and health conditions, demographic characteristics, and biomarkers.


Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Estrés Oxidativo , Saliva/química , 8-Hidroxi-2'-Desoxicoguanosina , Adulto , Proteína C-Reactiva/metabolismo , Desoxiguanosina/análogos & derivados , Desoxiguanosina/metabolismo , Voluntarios Sanos , Humanos , Interleucina-1beta/metabolismo , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Masculino , Malondialdehído/metabolismo , Transferrina/metabolismo , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/metabolismo
5.
Arch Oral Biol ; 89: 55-64, 2018 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29475188

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects of the molecular weight of hyaluronic acid on its viscosity and enzymatic activities of lysozyme and peroxidase in solution and on the hydroxyapatite surface. DESIGN: Hyaluronic acids of four different molecular weights (10 kDa, 100 kDa, 1 MDa, and 2 MDa), hen egg-white lysozyme, bovine lactoperoxidase, and human whole saliva were used. Viscosity values of hyaluronic acids were measured using a cone-and-plate viscometer at six different concentrations (0.1-5.0 mg/mL). Enzymatic activities of lysozyme and peroxidase were examined by hydrolysis of fluorescein-labeled Micrococcus lysodeikticus and oxidation of fluorogenic 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein to fluorescing 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein, respectively. RESULTS: In solution assays, only 2 MDa-hyaluronic acid significantly inhibited lysozyme activities in saliva. In surface assays, hyaluronic acids inhibited lysozyme and peroxidase activities; the inhibitory activities were more apparent with high-molecular-weight ones in saliva than in purified enzymes. The 100 kDa-hyaluronic acid at 5.0 mg/mL, 1 MDa-one at 0.5 mg/mL, and 2 MDa-one at 0.2 mg/mL showed viscosity values similar to those of human whole saliva at a shear rate range required for normal oral functions. The differences among the influences of the three conditions on the enzymatic activities were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: High-molecular-weight hyaluronic acids at low concentration and low-molecular-weight ones at high concentration showed viscosity values similar to those of human whole saliva. Inhibitory effects of hyaluronic acids on lysozyme and peroxidase activities were more significant with high-molecular-weight ones on the surface and in saliva compared with in solution and on purified enzymes.


Asunto(s)
Ácido Hialurónico/antagonistas & inhibidores , Ácido Hialurónico/química , Muramidasa/efectos de los fármacos , Muramidasa/metabolismo , Peroxidasas/efectos de los fármacos , Peroxidasas/metabolismo , Adulto , Animales , Bovinos , Durapatita , Activación Enzimática/efectos de los fármacos , Pruebas de Enzimas , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Peso Molecular , Reología/efectos de los fármacos , Saliva/enzimología , Propiedades de Superficie , Viscosidad
6.
Arch Oral Biol ; 78: 58-64, 2017 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28199919

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: To investigate possible relationships among oral mucosal epithelial MUC1 expression, salivary female gonadal hormones and stress markers, and clinical characteristics in patients with burning mouth syndrome (BMS). DESIGN: Thirty post-menopausal female patients with BMS (60.0±5.0 years) were included. Clinical and psychological evaluations were performed and the expression level of oral mucosal epithelial MUC1 was analyzed. The levels of cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), 17ß-estradiol, progesterone, chromogranin A, and blood contamination were determined from unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) and stimulated whole saliva (SWS) samples. RESULTS: Salivary progesterone level had significant positive correlations with oral mucosal epithelial MUC1 expression level and with salivary cortisol and DHEA levels. The salivary level of 17ß-estradiol showed significant positive correlations with period of symptom duration, severity of effects of oral complaints on daily life, and results from psychological evaluations. Cortisol level in UWS and cortisol/DHEA ratio in UWS and SWS had negative correlations with severity of oral burning sensation significantly. The severity of taste disturbance had positive correlations with results from psychometry significantly. CONCLUSION: Dysregulated psychoendocrinological interactions might affect oral mucosal MUC1 expression and severity of oral burning sensation in post-menopausal BMS patients.


Asunto(s)
Síndrome de Boca Ardiente/metabolismo , Estradiol/metabolismo , Mucina-1/metabolismo , Progesterona/metabolismo , Saliva/química , Síndrome de Boca Ardiente/psicología , Deshidroepiandrosterona/metabolismo , Femenino , Humanos , Hidrocortisona/metabolismo , Persona de Mediana Edad , Dimensión del Dolor , Posmenopausia , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la Polimerasa
7.
Clin Oral Investig ; 21(3): 949-955, 2017 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27246755

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: The objectives of the present study are to compare polymorphisms of the IL-1ß and MUC7 genes between patients with burning mouth syndrome (BMS) and controls and to investigate relationships between these polymorphisms and clinical characteristics in BMS patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty female BMS patients and 40 gender- and age-matched controls were included. Genomic DNA was extracted from saliva samples. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms of IL-1ß -511 and +3954 and variation in number of tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism of MUC7 were analyzed. Relationships between genotypic polymorphism data and clinical characteristics in BMS patients were also analyzed. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in the genotypes of IL-1ß -511 and +3954 and of MUC7 between the groups. There were no significant differences in symptom duration and intensity of BMS patients according to their IL-1ß and MUC7 genotypes. The T allele of IL-1ß -511 showed associations with psychometry results in BMS patients: paranoid ideation (P = 0.014), Global Severity Index (P = 0.025), and Positive Symptom Total (P = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS: The genotypic polymorphisms of IL-1ß -511 and +3954, and of MUC7 VNTR, had no direct associations with the development of BMS. However, the T allele of IL-1ß -511 may increase the risk of BMS by increasing psychological asthenia. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The genotypic polymorphisms of IL-1ß -511 may increase the risk for the development of BMS by increasing psychological asthenia.


Asunto(s)
Síndrome de Boca Ardiente/genética , Interleucina-1beta/genética , Mucinas/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Proteínas y Péptidos Salivales/genética , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Genotipo , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad
8.
Arch Oral Biol ; 60(7): 998-1006, 2015 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25874813

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether xylitol and sorbitol affect enzymatic and candidacidal activities of lysozyme, the peroxidase system, and the glucose oxidase-mediated peroxidase system. DESIGN: Xylitol and sorbitol were added to hen egg-white lysozyme, bovine lactoperoxidase, glucose oxidase-mediated peroxidase, and whole saliva in solution and on hydroxyapatite surfaces. The enzymatic activities of lysozyme, peroxidase, and glucose oxidase-mediated peroxidase were determined by the turbidimetric method, the NbsSCN assay, and production of oxidized o-dianisidine, respectively. Candidacidal activities were determined by comparing colony forming units using Candida albicans ATCC strains 10231, 11006, and 18804. RESULTS: While xylitol and sorbitol did not affect the enzymatic activity of hen egg-white lysozyme both in solution and on hydroxyapatite surfaces, they did inhibit the enzymatic activity of salivary lysozyme significantly in solution, but not on the surfaces. Xylitol and sorbitol enhanced the enzymatic activities of both bovine lactoperoxidase and salivary peroxidase significantly in a dose-dependent manner in solution, but not on the surfaces. Sorbitol, but not xylitol, inhibited the enzymatic activity of glucose oxidase-mediated peroxidase significantly. Both xylitol and sorbitol did not affect candidacidal activities of hen egg-white lysozyme, the bovine lactoperoxidase system, or the glucose oxidase-mediated bovine lactoperoxidase system. CONCLUSIONS: Xylitol and sorbitol inhibited salivary lysozyme activity, but enhanced both bovine lactoperoxidase and salivary peroxidase activities significantly in solution. Xylitol and sorbitol did not augment lysozyme- and peroxidase-related candidacidal activities.


Asunto(s)
Candida/efectos de los fármacos , Candida/enzimología , Lactoperoxidasa/efectos de los fármacos , Muramidasa/efectos de los fármacos , Peroxidasas/efectos de los fármacos , Sorbitol/farmacología , Xilitol/farmacología , Animales , Bovinos , Pollos , Recuento de Colonia Microbiana , Durapatita , Femenino , Masculino , Viabilidad Microbiana/efectos de los fármacos , Nefelometría y Turbidimetría , Saliva/química , Células Madre , Propiedades de Superficie
9.
Gerodontology ; 31(1): 34-41, 2014 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22888808

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the viscosity of yam tuber mucilage (YTM) and its effects on lysozyme and peroxidase activities in solution phase and on surface phase. METHODS: Two kinds of YTM were extracted, one containing both protein and carbohydrate and the other containing mainly carbohydrate. Hen egg-white lysozyme and bovine lactoperoxidase were used as lysozyme and peroxidase sources, respectively. Viscosity was measured with a cone-and-plate digital viscometer. Lysozyme activity was determined using the turbidimetric method, and peroxidase activity was determined using the NbsSCN assay. Hydroxyapatite beads were used as a solid phase. RESULTS: The viscosity values of YTM followed a pattern of a non-Newtonian fluid. The carbohydrate concentration affected the viscosity values at all shear rates, while the protein concentration affected the viscosity values at low shear rates. It could be suggested that YTM composed of 1.0 mg/ml protein and 1.0 mg/ml carbohydrate has viscosity values similar to those of unstimulated whole saliva at shear rates present at routine oral functions. Hydroxyapatite-adsorbed YTM significantly increased the adsorption and subsequent enzymatic activities of lysozyme, but not those of peroxidase. CONCLUSIONS: Yam tuber mucilage has viscoelastic properties similar to those of human saliva and enhances the enzymatic activity of lysozyme on hydroxyapatite surfaces.


Asunto(s)
Dioscorea , Lactoperoxidasa/química , Muramidasa/química , Mucílago de Planta/química , Tubérculos de la Planta , Saliva Artificial/química , Animales , Antiinfecciosos/farmacología , Carbohidratos/química , Bovinos , Durapatita/química , Proteínas del Huevo/química , Elasticidad , Humanos , Micrococcus/efectos de los fármacos , Muramidasa/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/química , Proteínas/química , Viscosidad
10.
Arch Oral Biol ; 58(10): 1349-56, 2013 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23845750

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To investigate interactions between hyaluronic acid (HA), lysozyme, and the glucose oxidase-mediated lactoperoxidase (GO-LPO) system in enzymatic and candidacidal activities. DESIGN: The influences of HA (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0mg/mL) and lysozyme (30µg/mL hen egg white lysozyme) on the enzymatic activity of GO-LPO system (25µg/mL bovine LPO, 1mM KSCN, 10units/mL GO, and 30µg/mL glucose) were determined by measuring oxidized o-dianisidine production. The influence of the GO-LPO system on lysozyme activity was determined by measuring the turbidity of a Micrococcus lysodeikticus suspension. The effects of interactions between HA, lysozyme, the GO-LPO system on candidacidal activity were examined by pre-incubating various combinations of components. Candidacidal activity was determined by comparing the numbers of colony forming units using Candida albicans ATCC strains 10231, 18804, and 11006. RESULTS: HA inhibited the enzymatic activity of the GO-LPO system in a dose-dependent manner. HA inhibited the candidacidal activities of the GO-LPO system. However, the inhibitory activity of HA was not significantly different according to concentration of HA. The GO-LPO system enhanced the enzymatic activity of lysozyme, though lysozyme did not affect the enzymatic activity of the GO-LPO system. The candidacidal activities of the GO-LPO system and lysozyme were not additive. CONCLUSIONS: HA inhibited the enzymatic and candidacidal activity of the GO-LPO system. The GO-LPO system enhanced the enzymatic activity of lysozyme, but the candidacidal activities were not additive.


Asunto(s)
Antifúngicos/farmacología , Candida albicans/efectos de los fármacos , Glucosa Oxidasa/farmacología , Ácido Hialurónico/farmacología , Lactoperoxidasa/farmacología , Muramidasa/farmacología , Recuento de Colonia Microbiana , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/farmacología , Lactoperoxidasa/antagonistas & inhibidores
11.
Arch Oral Biol ; 58(7): 837-42, 2013 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23411403

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: Expression levels of MUC1 and TLR-2 were evaluated in burning mouth syndrome (BMS) patients and compared with those of controls and oral lichen planus (OLP) patients. The relationships between the expression levels of MUC1 and TLR-2 and levels of salivary pro-inflammatory cytokines were also investigated. DESIGN: Ten female BMS and ten female OLP patients were included. Ten female age-matched volunteers served as controls. RNA was isolated from stimulated whole saliva samples. Real-time PCR was used to quantify MUC1 and TLR-2 mRNA levels relative to ß-actin and GAPDH mRNA levels. The clarified supernatants of saliva samples were used to measure IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α levels. The level of blood contamination in saliva samples was also determined. RESULTS: There were significant increases in MUC1 transcripts in BMS patients compared with OLP patients (1.766-fold) as well as controls (1.840-fold). There was no significant difference in TLR-2 expression among the groups. The OLP patients showed significantly higher levels of IL-6 and blood contamination in saliva than other groups. The levels of MUC1 or TLR-2 expression did not correlate significantly with the levels of cytokines or blood contamination in saliva. CONCLUSIONS: MUC1 may play a role in the development and/or progression of BMS.


Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Monoclonales/metabolismo , Síndrome de Boca Ardiente/metabolismo , Citocinas/genética , Liquen Plano Oral/metabolismo , Saliva/metabolismo , Receptor Toll-Like 2/metabolismo , Anciano , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/genética , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Citocinas/metabolismo , Femenino , Expresión Génica , Humanos , Liquen Plano Oral/genética , Persona de Mediana Edad , ARN Mensajero/aislamiento & purificación , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la Polimerasa , Receptor Toll-Like 2/genética
12.
Arch Oral Biol ; 57(6): 684-8, 2012 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22137328

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the candidacidal activity of the glucose oxidase-mediated lactoperoxidase system at various levels of glucose and glucose oxidase. DESIGN: Candida albicans ATCC strains 18804, 10231, 11006, bovine lactoperoxidase (25 and 50 µg/mL), and KSCN (1 mM) were used. Different levels of glucose oxidase (1, 5, 10, and 20 units/mL) and glucose (0.03, 0.3, and 3.0 mg/mL) were added to complete the system. The candidacidal activity of the system was examined by preincubating its components for 0-60 min, and then with C. albicans. Candidacidal activity was determined by comparing the numbers of CFU and calculating the percent loss of cell viability. RESULTS: The system displayed 13.9-27.4% (without preincubation) to 28.6-34.3% (preincubation for 60 min) loss of viability at 25 µg/mL of bovine lactoperoxidase, 10 units/mL of glucose oxidase, and 0.03 mg/mL of glucose; similar results were obtained with 20 units/mL of glucose oxidase or 0.06 mg/mL of glucose. The candidacidal activity of the system increased markedly as the glucose concentration increased. The candidacidal activity displayed 87.2% (without preincubation) to 100.0% (preincubation for 60 min) at 3.0 mg/mL of glucose. At 3.0 mg/mL of glucose, the system containing 1 or 5 units of glucose oxidase also showed significant levels of candidacidal activity. CONCLUSIONS: The candidacidal activity of the glucose oxidase-mediated lactoperoxidase system at physiological concentrations of salivary glucose was moderate, but was greatly elevated with increases of glucose level.


Asunto(s)
Antifúngicos/farmacología , Candida albicans/efectos de los fármacos , Lactoperoxidasa/farmacología , Saliva/química , Animales , Bovinos , Recuento de Colonia Microbiana , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/farmacología , Glucosa Oxidasa/farmacología , Viabilidad Microbiana/efectos de los fármacos , Proteínas y Péptidos Salivales/farmacología , Estadísticas no Paramétricas
13.
Arch Oral Biol ; 56(9): 885-90, 2011 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21382610

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: MUC1 is primarily involved in the protection of epithelial surfaces. Decreases in oral mucosal defence can be a predisposing factor for the development of oral mucosal diseases in the elderly. The aim of this study was to compare MUC1 expression level in oral mucosal epithelial cells of the elderly with that of young adults. DESIGN: Thirty elderly (mean age, 71.1±4.6 years) and thirty young (mean age, 26.4±2.4 years) adults (15 men and 15 women in each group) were included. Oral examination, including tooth, periodontal, and oral mucosal status, was performed and whole saliva samples were collected along with flow rate measurements. Precipitates of stimulated whole saliva were used for the evaluation of MUC1 expression using real-time PCR. Clarified supernatants were used for the measurement of pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1ß, IL-6, and TNF-α. RESULTS: There was a significant decrease in the amounts of MUC1 transcripts in elderly subjects compared with those of young subjects, a result seen in both men (0.589-fold) and women (0.547-fold). The MUC1 expression level was not correlated with salivary cytokine level but did show a significant positive correlation with the level of periodontal inflammation (r(s)=0.505, P<0.01) in the elderly group. CONCLUSIONS: Oral mucosal defence provided by MUC1 was decreased in the elderly; this decrease may play a role in the development of oral mucosal diseases in the aged population.


Asunto(s)
Envejecimiento/inmunología , Mucosa Bucal/metabolismo , Mucina-1/biosíntesis , Periodontitis/inmunología , Adulto , Anciano , Envejecimiento/metabolismo , Índice CPO , Células Epiteliales/metabolismo , Femenino , Humanos , Interleucina-1beta/biosíntesis , Interleucina-6/biosíntesis , Masculino , Mucosa Bucal/citología , Mucosa Bucal/inmunología , Saliva/metabolismo , Proteínas y Péptidos Salivales/biosíntesis , Estadísticas no Paramétricas , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/biosíntesis , Adulto Joven
14.
Arch Oral Biol ; 55(9): 607-12, 2010 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20591411

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of peroxidase or the peroxidase system on the enzymatic and candidacidal activities of lysozyme. DESIGN: The effects of peroxidase on lysozyme were examined by incubating hen egg-white lysozyme (HEWL) with bovine lactoperoxidase (bLPO). The influence of the peroxidase system on lysozyme was examined by the subsequent addition of potassium thiocyanate and hydrogen peroxide. Lysozyme activity was determined by the turbidity measurement of a Micrococcus lysodeikticus substrate suspension. Candidacidal activity was determined by comparing the colony forming units of Candida albicans ATCC 10231, ATCC 18804, and ATCC 11006. The Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to analyze the effects of variables. RESULTS: bLPO at physiological concentrations enhanced the enzymatic activity of HEWL and its effect was dependent on bLPO concentration. The enhancement of enzymatic activity of HEWL by bLPO was affected by pH and ionic strength. The addition of potassium thiocyanate and hydrogen peroxide did not lead to an additional enhancement of the enzymatic activity of HEWL, as compared with bLPO alone. HEWL displayed candidacidal activity in all 3 strains of C. ablicans. The addition of bLPO alone did not affect the candidacidal activity of HEWL, but the bLPO system enhanced candidacidal activity of HEWL in all 3 strains of C. ablicans. CONCLUSIONS: bLPO enhanced the enzymatic activity of HEWL, but the bLPO system did not show additional enhancement of the enzymatic activity of HEWL. The addition of bLPO did not affect the candidacidal activity of HEWL, but the bLPO system did enhance the candidacidal activity of HEWL.


Asunto(s)
Péptidos Catiónicos Antimicrobianos/farmacología , Candida albicans/efectos de los fármacos , Lactoperoxidasa/farmacología , Muramidasa/farmacología , Proteínas y Péptidos Salivales/farmacología , Animales , Antifúngicos/metabolismo , Antifúngicos/farmacología , Péptidos Catiónicos Antimicrobianos/metabolismo , Bovinos , Recuento de Colonia Microbiana , Interacciones Farmacológicas , Clara de Huevo/química , Activadores de Enzimas/metabolismo , Activadores de Enzimas/farmacología , Lactoperoxidasa/metabolismo , Viabilidad Microbiana/efectos de los fármacos , Muramidasa/metabolismo , Unión Proteica , Proteínas y Péptidos Salivales/metabolismo
15.
Arch Oral Biol ; 55(2): 177-83, 2010 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20045507

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the viscosity and wettability of a water-soluble extract of yam and its effects on lysozyme and peroxidase activities. DESIGN: Human whole saliva, yam tuber, hen egg-white lysozyme, and bovine lactoperoxidase were used. Viscosity was measured with a cone-and-plate digital viscometer, while wettability was determined by measuring the contact angle. Lysozyme activity was determined by the turbidimetric method. Peroxidase activity was determined using the NbsSCN assay. Hydroxyapatite beads were used as a solid-phase. RESULTS: The viscosity of the yam solution was proportional to its concentration, with diluted yam solutions at 1:5 and 1:10 in simulated salivary buffer displaying similar viscosity values to unstimulated whole saliva and stimulated whole saliva, respectively. The contact angle of yam solution was not significantly different according to the tested materials or yam concentrations. Contact angles of yam solutions on acrylic resin were higher than those of human saliva. Yam affected lysozyme and peroxidase activities, and those effects were different on the hydroxyapatite surface versus in solution. Hydroxyapatite-adsorbed yam increased subsequent adsorption of lysozyme and peroxidase. CONCLUSION: We objectively confirmed the similarity of the viscoelastic properties of yam and human saliva, suggesting a role for yam in the development of effective saliva substitutes.


Asunto(s)
Dioscorea/química , Saliva Artificial/química , Adulto , Animales , Carbohidratos/análisis , Bovinos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Muramidasa/química , Peroxidasa/química , Proteínas/análisis , Saliva/química , Estadísticas no Paramétricas , Viscosidad , Humectabilidad
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