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1.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol ; 281(2): 731-735, 2024 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37555931

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: This study is to evaluate the duration of facial nerve enhancement in gadolinium-enhanced temporal bone MRI after the onset of acute facial palsy. METHODS: Gd-enhanced MRI imagines were examined in 13 patients with idiopathic acute facial palsy within 14 days after the onset. The degree of facial nerve function was measured according to the House-Brackmann (H-B) grading system at their first visit at outpatient clinic. The follow-up MRI was taken about 16.5 months (7-24 months) after onset of disease. The degree of facial nerve enhancement was measured with signal intensity (SI) which was quantitatively analyzed using the region-of-interest (ROI) measurements for each segment of the facial nerve. SI was statistically analyzed by comparing SI values of contralateral site and ipsilateral site using the paired t test with SPSS program. RESULTS: The gadolinium enhancement was statistically increased at labyrinthine segment and geniculate ganglion area of facial nerve at initial temporal bone MRI. The gadolinium enhancement was statistically decreased at all the segments of facial nerve except tympanic segment (p < 0.05) at follow-up MRI. CONCLUSIONS: The facial nerve enhancement in Gd-enhanced MRI images prolonged more than 21 months of the onset. The newly developed pathologic lesions of acute facial palsy especially occur at the site of labyrinthine and geniculate ganglion.


Asunto(s)
Parálisis de Bell , Parálisis Facial , Humanos , Parálisis Facial/diagnóstico por imagen , Parálisis Facial/etiología , Parálisis Facial/patología , Nervio Facial/diagnóstico por imagen , Nervio Facial/patología , Medios de Contraste , Gadolinio , Parálisis de Bell/diagnóstico por imagen , Hueso Temporal/diagnóstico por imagen , Hueso Temporal/patología , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos
2.
J Int Adv Otol ; 19(6): 468-471, 2023 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38088318

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of sudden sensorineural hearing loss and facial palsy in patients with vestibular schwannoma and the association of sudden sensorineural hearing loss or facial palsy with vestibular schwannoma were investigated based on the population data of Korea. METHODS: This retrospective study used the Korean National Health Insurance Service data. Patients with vestibular schwannoma and those with a previous history of sudden sensorineural hearing loss or facial palsy were identified based on diagnostic, medication, magnetic resonance imaging, or audiometric codes from 2005 to 2020. The control group was established with propensity score matching. The risk for vestibular schwannoma in patients with a previous history of sudden sensorineural hearing loss or facial palsy was analyzed. RESULTS: There were 5751 patients in the vestibular schwannoma group and 23004 in the control group. The rate of patients with a previous history of sudden sensorineural hearing loss in the vestibular schwannoma group (25.8%) was significantly higher than in the control group (P -lt; .0001), as was the rate of patients with a previous history of facial palsy in the vestibular schwannoma group (4.7%) (P -lt; .0001). Previous history of sudden sensorineural hearing loss was a significant risk factor for vestibular schwannoma (hazard ratio=7.109, 95% confidence interval=6.696-7.547). Previous history of facial palsy was also a significant risk factor for vestibular schwannoma (hazard ratio=3.048, 95% confidence interval=2.695-3.447). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of sudden sensorineural hearing loss or facial palsy was significantly higher in patients with vestibular schwannoma than in those without vestibular schwannoma. Based on the population data of Korea, sudden sensorineural hearing loss and facial palsy were significant risk factors for vestibular schwannoma.


Asunto(s)
Parálisis de Bell , Parálisis Facial , Pérdida Auditiva Sensorineural , Pérdida Auditiva Súbita , Neuroma Acústico , Humanos , Neuroma Acústico/complicaciones , Neuroma Acústico/epidemiología , Neuroma Acústico/diagnóstico , Parálisis Facial/epidemiología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Pérdida Auditiva Sensorineural/etiología , Pérdida Auditiva Sensorineural/complicaciones , Pérdida Auditiva Súbita/etiología , Pérdida Auditiva Súbita/complicaciones , Parálisis de Bell/complicaciones , Parálisis de Bell/epidemiología , República de Corea/epidemiología
3.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol ; 280(11): 5135-5138, 2023 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37491647

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: This is a case report of a dermoid cyst located in the infratemporal fossa and its surgical removal using infratemporal fossa type B approach. CASE REPORT: A 15-year-old male was referred from a local clinic after an incidental finding of a mass lesion in the skull base area on computed tomography (CT). Pre-operative magnetic resonance imaging showed a large cystic mass lesion, expanding to the foramen ovale with fat component in the right infratemporal fossa region. The lesion was completely excised using an infratemporal fossa type B approach. CONCLUSION: An extremely rare case of dermoid cysts of the infratemporal fossa was managed with infratemporal fossa type B approach without severe complication.


Asunto(s)
Quiste Dermoide , Fosa Infratemporal , Neoplasias de la Base del Cráneo , Masculino , Humanos , Adolescente , Quiste Dermoide/diagnóstico por imagen , Quiste Dermoide/cirugía , Quiste Dermoide/patología , Base del Cráneo/patología , Neoplasias de la Base del Cráneo/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias de la Base del Cráneo/cirugía , Neoplasias de la Base del Cráneo/patología
4.
Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol ; 16(1): 87-94, 2023 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36521487

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: Voice abuse in noisy environments can result in voice disorders. However, insufficient studies have sought to differentiate vocal cord lesions through laryngoscopic examinations among workers in noisy environments. This study investigated the relationship between a history of noise exposure in the workplace and benign vocal fold lesions (BVFLs). METHODS: We used Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data from 2010 to 2012. The chi-square test was used to compare characteristics between two groups according to the presence or absence of BVFLs. To investigate the association between BVFLs and noise exposure in the workplace, we calculated adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: In total, 10,170 participants with available laryngoscopy. RESULTS: were enrolled. Smoking history, hypertension, diabetes, and exposure to noise for more than 3 months at the workplace were significantly more common in participants with BVFLs. After adjusting for age, sex, smoking, drinking, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, income, education, and occupation as confounders, we confirmed that BVFLs were 1.52 times more likely (95% CI, 1.157-1.990) to occur in individuals with occupational noise exposure. CONCLUSION: Working in a noisy environment could induce BVFLs in workers through voice abuse. Social recognition that a noisy environment is a risk factor for BVFLs needs to be improved, and preventive measures should be implemented.

5.
J Korean Neurosurg Soc ; 66(4): 456-464, 2023 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36353814

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the incidence of vestibular schwannoma (VS) and demographic characteristics in Korea using population-based National Health Insurance Service data. METHODS: This study analyzed Korean National Health Insurance Service data from 2005 to 2020, based on the International Classification of Diseases, 10th version, Clinical Modification codes D333 and D431. Only those patients who had undergone magnetic resonance imaging and audiologic tests were considered definitive cases. Demographic variables included age, sex, treatment modality, hypertension, diabetics, dyslipidemia, smoking history, alcohol history, and income status. RESULTS: The total number of VS patients was 5751. The average incidence rate was 0.71 per 100000 from 2005 to 2020, and the annual incidence rate increased from 0.33 in 2005 to 1.32 in 2019 but decreased to 0.80 in 2020. Incidence was highest in those aged 60-69 years (1.791) and lowest in those younger than 20 years (0.041). Incidence was higher in females, and the number of patients who received radiosurgery (46.64%) was largest compared to the wait and scan group (37.96%), microsurgery group (12.85%), or the group who received both (2.56%). Diabetes, dyslipidemia, and alcohol consumption increased the risk of VS, while cigarette smoking reduced the risk of VS. CONCLUSION: The incidence of VS exhibited an increasing trend from 2005 to 2019. Radiosurgery (46.64%) was the most common treatment modality. Diabetes, dyslipidemia, and alcohol consumption increased the risk of VS, while cigarette smoking reduced the risk of VS.

6.
J Clin Med ; 10(7)2021 Apr 06.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33917527

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: To identify the relationship between pulmonary function and subjective olfactory dysfunction in middle-aged and older adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data from 2010 to 2012 to analyze 6191 participants in their 50s or older. RESULTS: The frequency of olfactory dysfunction was 6.8% among the subjects with normal pulmonary function tests, but was significantly more frequent in those diagnosed with restrictive (9.6%) or obstructive (10.1%) pulmonary function. Forced volume vital capacity, forced expiratory volume (FEV)1, FEV6, and peak expiratory flow were significantly lower in the olfactory dysfunction group. The risk of olfactory dysfunction was significantly associated with obstructive pulmonary function (odds ratio (OR) [95% confidence interval (CI)]: 1.449 [1.010-2.081]) after adjusting for confounders (sex, rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, hypertension, dyslipidemia, education level, stress, depressed mood, and suicidal ideation). CONCLUSION: Middle-aged and older adults with obstructive pulmonary function had a higher incidence of subjective olfactory dysfunction than the normal pulmonary function group. Early olfactory testing may improve the quality of life of patients with obstructive pulmonary function.

7.
Laryngoscope ; 131(1): 173-178, 2021 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32011010

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Meningioma is a neoplasm arising from cells related to the arachnoid villi. The aim of the present study was to explore the clinical and radiological characteristics of temporal bone meningioma (TBM) in a multicenter cohort. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. METHODS: Thirteen patients diagnosed with TBM at eight medical institutes between 1998 and 2018 were retrospectively enrolled. The clinical procedures, symptoms, signs, and images that led to the diagnosis of TBM were investigated for all patients. RESULTS: The most common symptom at the initial visit was hearing loss (n = 12/13, 92.3%). All patients exhibited unilateral TBMs with varied symptom durations (1-60 months). Four patients presented masses occupying the external auditory canal; the tympanic membrane (TM) could not be evaluated. The other nine patients did not show TM perforation despite the presence of inflammatory signs. The majority of patients exhibited unilateral conductive or mixed hearing loss. A retrospective review of temporal bone computed tomography (TBCT) images revealed findings suggestive of a tumor in all patients. However, three patients had been misdiagnosed with chronic otitis media and were subjected to tympanomastoidectomy (n = 3/7, 42.9%). TBCT findings that suggested TBM included diffuse trabecular hyperostosis in the middle and posterior cranial fossae and widening and destruction of the temporal bone in the jugular bulb area. CONCLUSIONS: TBM should be suspected if patients exhibit persistent inflammatory symptoms or signs involving intact TM or unilateral conductive or mixed hearing loss with trabecular hyperostosis or destruction of the temporal bone on computed tomography images. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4 Laryngoscope, 131:173-178, 2021.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Óseas/diagnóstico , Meningioma/diagnóstico , Hueso Temporal , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Neoplasias Óseas/diagnóstico por imagen , Estudios de Cohortes , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Meningioma/diagnóstico por imagen , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X
8.
ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec ; 82(6): 304-309, 2020.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33032293

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: During the ongoing pandemic of COVID-19, tracheotomy under emergency situation is considered a high-risk procedure that causes probable expose to aerosolized secretion. SUMMARY: We reviewed our case and previous reports, and summarized a detailed protocol that is needed to protect medical staffs who perform tracheotomy under the COVID-19 pandemic, considering the patient's condition, experience of medical staff members, and available facilities and equipment. Key Messages: For efficient protection of medical staff who perform tracheotomy under the COVID-19 pandemic period, we suggest that the following needs to be considered: assessment of patient's condition (COVID-19 infection and the airway problem), route (safest route to the operating room), experienced surgical team, negative-pressure isolation facility and appliance (personal protective equipment) availability, and safe and appropriate post-tracheotomy care.


Asunto(s)
COVID-19/prevención & control , Control de Infecciones/métodos , Transmisión de Enfermedad Infecciosa de Paciente a Profesional/prevención & control , Cuerpo Médico , Traqueotomía , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Humanos , Masculino , Quirófanos , Pandemias , Equipo de Protección Personal , SARS-CoV-2 , Ventilación/métodos
9.
Am J Otolaryngol ; 41(5): 102583, 2020.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32516658

RESUMEN

During an ongoing pandemic of COVID-19, controlling the oropharyngeal bleeding, such as post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage, with cauterization is considered a very vulnerable procedure for medical staff because of high probability of exposure to aerosolized secretion. The authors aimed to introduce an appropriate treatment protocol for oropharyngeal bleeding that provides first aid to patients while protecting medical staff at high-risk of infection such as COVID-19.


Asunto(s)
Betacoronavirus , Infecciones por Coronavirus/epidemiología , Infecciones por Coronavirus/prevención & control , Transmisión de Enfermedad Infecciosa de Paciente a Profesional/prevención & control , Pandemias/prevención & control , Neumonía Viral/epidemiología , Neumonía Viral/prevención & control , Hemorragia Posoperatoria/terapia , Tonsilectomía/efectos adversos , COVID-19 , Infecciones por Coronavirus/transmisión , Humanos , Neumonía Viral/transmisión , Hemorragia Posoperatoria/etiología , SARS-CoV-2
10.
Korean J Med Educ ; 31(2): 125-133, 2019 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31230435

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: Medical students construct their identity as a student physician through clinical clerkship. However, there is a lack of research on the effect of clinical clerkship on professional self-concept formation. The aim of this study is to analyze and ascertain the relationship between medical students' satisfaction with clinical clerkship and professional self-concept. METHODS: This investigation studied 84 third- and fourth-year medical students enrolled in the Ajou University School of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine. Study measures tools included satisfaction with clinical clerkship and professional self-concept measurement. For data analyses, a descriptive analysis of the research variable characteristics was applied, gender differences in variables by years of medical school were analyzed with t-tests, and correlation analysis was used to check for relationships between variables. RESULTS: We found no statistically significant differences between satisfaction with clinical clerkship with respect to medical school year and gender. While professional self-concept did not show significant differences by year of medical school, we observed statistically significant differences by gender with respect to the subscales of professional practice and communication factor. In addition, satisfaction with clinical clerkship and professional self-concept demonstrated statistically significant positive correlation. The present research was able to confirm that there exists a correlation between medical students' clinical clerkship experience and professional self-concept formation. CONCLUSION: Our study outcomes shows that provision of positive assistance as a measure to enhance satisfaction with clinical clerkship via the curriculum and environmental improvement is envisaged to lead to medical students' professional self-concept formation.


Asunto(s)
Actitud , Prácticas Clínicas , Competencia Clínica , Educación de Pregrado en Medicina , Satisfacción Personal , Autoimagen , Estudiantes de Medicina , Adulto , Comportamiento del Consumidor , Curriculum , Evaluación Educacional , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , República de Corea , Facultades de Medicina , Autoeficacia , Factores Sexuales , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Universidades , Adulto Joven
11.
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol ; 128(6_suppl): 69S-75S, 2019 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31092030

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of a modified Palva flap used for external auditory canal reconstruction and mastoid obliteration in canal wall down mastoidectomy. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed patients who underwent canal wall down mastoidectomy with tympanoplasty using modified Palva flap. All patients underwent pure tone audiometry and temporal bone computed tomography (CT) before surgery, and the same tests were performed in the first year after surgery. The external auditory canal volumes were calculated by summing the areas of each section selected in temporal bone CT. For each patient, the ratio of external auditory canal volume was calculated from CT taken before and after surgery. RESULTS: The mean of external auditory canal volume after canal wall down with a modified Palva flap was about 1.4 times larger than before surgery. The modified Palva flap is effective for the reconstruction of the external auditory canal. Both pure tone audiometry level and air-bone gap showed statistically significant improvement after surgery ( Ps = .001 and .002, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The external auditory canal volume slightly increased, but the status of mastoid obliteration was well maintained 1 year after surgery. The modified Palva flap used in this study is an easy and effective method in external auditory canal reconstruction and mastoid obliteration.


Asunto(s)
Conducto Auditivo Externo/cirugía , Mastoidectomía/métodos , Otitis Media/cirugía , Procedimientos de Cirugía Plástica/métodos , Timpanoplastia/métodos , Adulto , Anciano , Audiometría de Tonos Puros , Enfermedad Crónica , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Apófisis Mastoides/cirugía , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Colgajos Quirúrgicos , Resultado del Tratamiento
12.
J Int Adv Otol ; 14(2): 278-284, 2018 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30256202

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical characteristics and evaluate the surgical outcomes of carcinoma of the external auditory canal (CEAC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Overall, 31 patients from four multicenter hospitals, who were diagnosed and surgically treated for CEAC in 2009-2014, were enrolled for this retrospective study. Medical records were reviewed to determine cancer stage according to the Pittsburgh classification. Clinical data of age, sex, site, initial symptoms, surgery extent, postoperative complications including recurrence, follow-up period, and current patient status were collected for analysis. Five-year cumulative survival rate was obtained using Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: At initial diagnosis, 22 patients were in the early stages (stage I: 15; stage II: 7) and 9 patients were in the advanced stages (stage III: 1; stage IV: 8). Lymph node metastasis was present in 5 patients and distant metastasis in 2. Of the 31 patients, 4 patients died (stage II: 1, stage IV: 3) during the follow-up period. Early-stage patients showed 100% 5-year estimated cumulative survival rate, whereas the advanced-stage patients showed 5-year estimated survival rate of 53.6% (p=.006). The overall survival rate of all enrolled patients was 90.3%. Although 5-year estimated disease-free survival rate of stage I was 100.0%, that for stage II was low at 30.0% because of considerable recurrences. CONCLUSION: The results of this multicenter study suggest that more aggressive treatment modality, including adjuvant therapy, is necessary for patients with CEAC with Pittsburgh stage II or more.


Asunto(s)
Carcinoma/cirugía , Conducto Auditivo Externo/cirugía , Neoplasias del Oído/cirugía , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Imagen de Difusión por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Conducto Auditivo Externo/diagnóstico por imagen , Conducto Auditivo Externo/patología , Neoplasias del Oído/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias del Oído/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Ganglios Linfáticos/patología , Metástasis Linfática , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/epidemiología , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/mortalidad , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/patología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Tasa de Supervivencia , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X/métodos , Resultado del Tratamiento
13.
World Neurosurg ; 109: e305-e312, 2018 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28989045

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: The most common birth-associated head injuries during vaginal delivery are cephalhematomas and subgaleal hematomas. Cranial injuries are rarely encountered. The neonate cranium is soft and pliable, and greenstick skull fractures (GSFs) are expected to be more frequent than linear or depressed fractures, but they are extremely difficult to detect with simple skull radiography. As a result, no reports have been issued on this topic to date. Recent reports suggest that technological advances in 3-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) have successfully enhanced the diagnostic accuracy for cranial fractures. The authors researched the types and characteristics of GSFs and the diagnostic accuracy of 3D CT for cranial fractures in neonates. METHODS: The simple skull radiographs and 3D CT images of 101 neonates were retrospectively evaluated and compared with respect to diagnosis of cranial fractures, and skull GSFs were classified on the basis of 3D CT findings into 5 types depending on multiplicity and location. RESULTS: 3D CT detected 88 cases of cranial fractures, that is, 89 GSFs, 4 combined GSFs and linear fractures, and 3 combined GSFs and depressed fractures. The diagnostic rate of 3DCT was 91% and this was significantly higher than the 13% rate of simple skull radiographs (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: GSFs rather than linear fractures were found to account for most cranial injuries among neonates. The diagnostic accuracy of 3D CT was considerably superior than simple skull radiography, but the high radiation exposure levels of 3D CT warrant the need for development of a modality with lower radiation exposure.


Asunto(s)
Traumatismos del Nacimiento/diagnóstico por imagen , Procesamiento de Imagen Asistido por Computador , Imagenología Tridimensional , Fractura Craneal Deprimida/diagnóstico por imagen , Fracturas Craneales/diagnóstico por imagen , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Traumatismos del Nacimiento/clasificación , Traumatismos del Nacimiento/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Fractura Craneal Deprimida/clasificación , Fractura Craneal Deprimida/epidemiología , Fracturas Craneales/clasificación , Fracturas Craneales/epidemiología
14.
Korean J Med Educ ; 29(2): 73-80, 2017 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28597870

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: We aim to identify what potential bias factors affected students' overall course evaluation, and to observe what factors should be considered in the curriculum evaluation system of medical schools. METHODS: This study analyzed students' ratings of preclinical instructions at the Ajou University School of Medicine. The ratings of instructions involved 41 first-year and 45 second-year medical students. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference between years of study and ratings' scoring. Learning difficulty, learning amount, student assessment, and teacher preparation from second-year students were significantly higher than first-year students (p<0.05). The analysis results revealed that student assessment was the predictor of ratings from first-year students, while teacher preparation was the predictor of ratings from second-year students. CONCLUSION: We found significant interactions between year of study and the students' rating results. We were able to confirm that satisfaction of instructions factors perceived by medical students were different for the characteristics of courses. Our results may be an important resource for evaluating preclinical curriculums.


Asunto(s)
Educación de Pregrado en Medicina/métodos , Evaluación Educacional/métodos , Estudiantes de Medicina/psicología , Adulto , Curriculum , Femenino , Humanos , Aprendizaje , Masculino , República de Corea , Facultades de Medicina/organización & administración , Adulto Joven
15.
Korean J Med Educ ; 28(2): 179-83, 2016 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27240891

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To determine whether disclosure of scoring rubric for objective basic clinical skills can improve the scores on the objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) in medical students. METHODS: Clinical performance score results of one university medical students (study group, n=345) were compared to those of another university (control group, n=1,847). Both groups took identical OSCE exam. OSCE rubric was not revealed to the study group until they were in the last 2 years of medical school. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between before and after disclosure of rubric. However, history taking and physical examination scores of the study group were lower than those of the control group before the disclosure of rubric. After disclosure of rubric, the scores were either unchanged or slightly increased in the control group. Trend analysis of scores demonstrated that history taking and physical examination scores after the disclosure were significantly increased in the study group for 2 years. CONCLUSION: This study revealed that disclosure of basic clinical skills rubric to medical students could enhance their clinical performance, particularly in history taking and physical examination scores.


Asunto(s)
Logro , Competencia Clínica , Revelación , Educación de Pregrado en Medicina , Evaluación Educacional/métodos , Anamnesis , Examen Físico , Humanos , Facultades de Medicina , Estudiantes de Medicina , Universidades
16.
Korean J Med Educ ; 28(1): 25-8, 2016 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26838565

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: Academic failure tolerance (AFT) is one of the important psychological concepts in education, but its applications in medical education are rare. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of academic failure tolerance on academic achievement fluctuation among medical school students using a longitudinal research design. METHODS: The subjects were 43 medical students who responded to the AFT test. This study analyzed the longitudinal data of achievement scores up to the 2nd academic year (2012-2013) among students who were divided into academic achievement improvement and decline groups. RESULTS: Comparing the improvement and decline groups' mean academic achievement fluctuation scores demonstrated that behavior and preferred task difficulty showed high scores whereas feeling scores were lower in the improvement group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: In the improvement group, despite the higher negative feeling scores during academic failure, the students favored the more difficult subjects and were more assiduous in their studies. This will form an important basis for enhancing academic achievement among medical students.


Asunto(s)
Logro , Actitud , Conducta , Educación de Pregrado en Medicina , Escolaridad , Emociones , Estudiantes de Medicina , Evaluación Educacional , Humanos , Estudios Longitudinales , Facultades de Medicina
17.
Korean J Med Educ ; 28(1): 49-55, 2016 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26838568

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among academic self-efficacy, socially-prescribed perfectionism, and academic burnout in medical school students and to determine whether academic self-efficacy had a mediating role in the relationship between perfectionism and academic burnout. METHODS: A total of 244 first-year and second-year premed medical students and first- to fourth-year medical students were enrolled in this study. As study tools, socially-prescribed perfectionism, academic self-efficacy, and academic burnout scales were utilized. For data analysis, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted. RESULTS: Academic burnout had correlation with socially-prescribed perfectionism. It had negative correlation with academic self-efficacy. Socially-prescribed perfectionism and academic self-efficacy had 54% explanatory power for academic burnout. When socially-prescribed perfectionism and academic self-efficacy were simultaneously used as input, academic self-efficacy partially mediated the relationship between socially-prescribed perfectionism and academic burnout. CONCLUSION: Socially-prescribed perfectionism had a negative effect on academic self-efficacy, ultimately triggering academic burnout. This suggests that it is important to have educational and counseling interventions to improve academic self-efficacy by relieving academic burnout of medical school students.


Asunto(s)
Agotamiento Profesional , Educación de Pregrado en Medicina , Perfeccionismo , Personalidad , Facultades de Medicina , Autoeficacia , Estudiantes de Medicina/psicología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Análisis de Regresión , Autoimagen
19.
J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg ; 44: 58, 2015 Dec 29.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26714647

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Bacterial infection, Eustachian tube dysfunction, allergies, and immunologic factors are major causes of otitis media with effusion (OME). However, the exact pathogenesis of OME is still unclear. This study evaluated whether allergy influences bacterial growth in middle ear effusions. MATERIALS: Fifty-four samples were obtained from OME patients 3-10 years of age who underwent ventilation tube insertion and were divided into two groups based on the presence of allergy as determined using the multiple allergosorbent test (MAST). Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis bacterial DNA in the middle ear effusions was analyzed using polymerase chain reaction. Overall detection rates and those for each species were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Of the 54 middle ear effusion samples, 38 (70.4 %) contained bacterial DNA and 14 (36.8 %) of these contained DNA from multiple species. S. pneumoniae was detected in 27 samples (50 %), H. influenzae in 17 samples (31.4 %), and M. catarrhalis in 9 samples (16.6 %). There was no significant difference in the bacterial detection rates between the middle ear effusions of the MAST-positive and MAST-negative groups. CONCLUSION: The rate of bacteria detection in middle ear effusions did not differ between allergic and non-allergic children.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones Bacterianas/epidemiología , Hipersensibilidad/epidemiología , Hipersensibilidad/microbiología , Otitis Media con Derrame/inmunología , Otitis Media con Derrame/microbiología , Factores de Edad , Infecciones Bacterianas/microbiología , Infecciones Bacterianas/fisiopatología , Niño , Preescolar , Estudios de Cohortes , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Haemophilus influenzae/aislamiento & purificación , Humanos , Hipersensibilidad/fisiopatología , Incidencia , Masculino , Ventilación del Oído Medio/métodos , Moraxella catarrhalis/aislamiento & purificación , Otitis Media con Derrame/cirugía , Estudios Prospectivos , Medición de Riesgo , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Factores Sexuales , Streptococcus pneumoniae/aislamiento & purificación , Resultado del Tratamiento
20.
Otol Neurotol ; 36(4): 714-9, 2015 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25333321

RESUMEN

HYPOTHESIS: In this study, we investigated the pathophysiology and mechanism underlying sporadic forms of vestibular schwannoma (VS) by comparing VS tissue with normal nerve tissue using proteomics. BACKGROUND: Proteomic analysis by two-dimensional electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry facilitates identification and characterization of specific proteins related to the pathogenesis of various diseases. METHODS: Proteins were extracted from two vestibular nerve specimens and two VS specimens and analyzed in parallel using two-dimensional electrophoresis. We then analyzed 29 spots that were differentially expressed using matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Upregulated proteins associated with apoptosis were confirmed by Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Twenty-nine proteins showing significant changes in the expression level between VS tissue and normal nerve tissue were identified. Of these, seven proteins were related to apoptosis. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that apoptosis is associated in a complex manner with the pathophysiology of VS. The suppression of apoptosis is presumably involved in tumor occurrence and, conversely, increased apoptotic expression may contribute to the slow tumor growth rate and may be correlated with the Antoni type B area.


Asunto(s)
Apoptosis/fisiología , Neuroma Acústico/metabolismo , Proteómica , Western Blotting , Electroforesis en Gel Bidimensional , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Espectrometría de Masa por Láser de Matriz Asistida de Ionización Desorción , Regulación hacia Arriba , Nervio Vestibular/metabolismo
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