Risk factors for colorectal neoplasms based on colonoscopy and pathological diagnoses of Chinese citizens: a multicenter, case-control study.

PURPOSE: Since observational data in the urban residents are required to better assess the risk factors of colorectal neoplasm occurrence and the effectiveness of colonoscopy screening and surveillance, we conducted a case-control study at multicenters in China to identify patient characteristics and neoplasm features of colorectal adenoma (CRA) and colorectal carcinoma (CRC). METHODS: A total of 4089 patients who had undergone a colonoscopy from 19 hospitals were enrolled, of which 1106 had CRA and 466 had CRC. They were compared with controls. The analysis provides features and risk factors of colorectal neoplasm using multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: Increasing age, a family history of colorectal cancer or previous cases of colorectal adenoma or hypertension disease, gastrointestinal surgery, regular intake of pickled food (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.42, 95 % confidence interval [CI], 1.048-1.924), consumption of alcohol, and a positive result of fecal occult blood testing (FOBT; aOR 2.509, 95 % CI 1.485-4.237) were associated with an increased risk of CRA. In the CRC group, increasing age, regular intake of pickled foods, and a positive FOBT result were risk factors. In addition, a positive abdominal computed tomography (CT) before a colonoscopy and physical signs of emaciation were also significantly associated with an increasing risk of colorectal carcinoma. Regular intake of vegetables decreased the risk of both CRA and CRC. CONCLUSIONS: Age, pickled foods, and a positive FOBT are risk factors for colorectal neoplasm. Vegetable intake was associated with a decreased risk of CRA and CRC.

Heterotopic gastric mucosa in the upper and middle esophagus: 126 cases of gastroscope and clinical characteristics.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: In this retrospective study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of heterotopic gastric mucosa (HGM) in the upper and middle esophagus, to identify its macroscopic characteristics and evaluate clinical features. METHODOLOGY: One hundred and twenty-six patients (82 males, 44 females; mean age 43.08 ± 12.84 years, range 15-81) with HGM in the upper and middle esophagus diagnosed by gastroscopy and biopsies were admitted to this retrospective study. Disease histories of all patients were carefully inquired, especially the associated complaints including discomfort of throat, heartburn or dysphagia, etc. RESULTS: The prevalence was 0.21%. Patch size ranged between 5-20mm, mean diameter was 7.5 ± 3.7mm; 80 cases appeared as a single patch; 96.83% had the patch in the upper esophagus. Male gender was predominant (male:female ratio, 1.86), but age was not significant. The mean distance from the incisors to the patch was 18.83 ± 2.23cm and 17.20 ± 2.48cm in the male and the female respectively, with a significant difference (t=3.749, p<0.001). In 39 of 126 patients (26 male, 13 female), the esophageal and laryngopharyngeal symptoms were remarkable. Twelve were associated with other diseases of the esophagus. There were no correlations to esophageal symptom, gender, age, location, quantity or diameter. Among the 126 cases, 29 patients were associated with other esophageal diseases. CONCLUSIONS: HGM patches in the esophagus should not be overlooked during endoscopy because they may lead to esophageal symptoms and even important complications in relation to their acid secretions.

[Study on metronidazole resistance to Helicobacter pylori from three populations with different ethnics in Yunnan].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) resistance to metronidazole among three populations in Yunnan. METHODS: Susceptibilities to metronidazole among 109 H. pylori strains (33 H. pylori strains from Han, 31 H. pylori strains from Bai and 45 H. pylori strains from Naxi ethnic populations) were tested by Epsilometer test (E-test). RESULTS: In 109 H. pylori strains, the overall metronidazole resistance rate was 67.89%. There were no significant difference in the metronidazole resistant rates of H. pylori among Han, Bai, Naxi populations Yunnan in terms of the distribution on age and upper gastroduodenal diseases. In the facet of gender, metronidazole resistant rate of H. pylori was significantly lower in Han males than in females (chi2=5.304, P=0.027), but not seen in the Bai or Naxi peoples. CONCLUSION: Metronidazole resistance rate of H. pyloriin Yunnan was high, but no significant difference was found among Han, Bai, Naxi peoples in the province.