Can honey improve the quality of cryopreserved cross bred ram semen added to tris egg yolk extender?

BACKGROUND: Honey can improve the quality of cryopreserved ram semen because of its multinutrient and cryoprotective nature added to standard tris egg yolk extender. OBJECTIVE: Different concentrations of honey were added to the standard tris egg yolk extender to improve the post-thaw quality of crossbred ram semen. METHOD: Thirty six (36) ejaculates from eight healthy cross bred rams were pooled and divided into four aliquots. Standard tris egg yolk extender without any alteration acted as Control (C) and was supplemented with different concentrations of honey, viz. T1 (honey 1.5%), T2 (2.5%), and T3 (3.5%). RESULTS: The percent (mean ± S.E.M) sperm motility at pre-freeze was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in Group T2 and at post-thaw in Group T3 in comparison to T1 and C treatment groups. The percent (mean ± S.E.M) HOST reacted spermatozoa at post-thaw was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in Group C and at pre-freeze the value was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the same treatment group than Group T1. The mean MDA level (mean ± S.E.M) at post thaw was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in Group T3 than the treatment groups C and Group T1. CONCLUSION: From this study it is concluded that the addition of 3.5% honey to the standard tris egg yolk extender provides better protection to ram semen than the addition of 1.5% honey (i.e., Control). doi.org/10.54680/fr22610110212.

In vitro Assessment of Tris Egg Yolk and Soybean Lecithin Based Extenders for Cryopreservation of Crossbred Ram Semen.

BACKGROUND: The replacement of egg yolk with alternative plant-derived soybean lecithin is gaining interest in both animal and human sperm cryopreservation owing to biosecurity issues with egg yolk based extenders. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the comparative effect of egg yolk and soyabean lecithin based extenders on the quality of cryopreserved crossbred ram semen. METHODS: Pooled ejaculates (total ejaculates = 36) were divided into two aliquots and extended with Tris egg yolk extender (Tris extender) and soybean lecithin based commercial extender (Ovixcell) RESULTS: Among the two extenders, Ovixcell showed better sperm quality both at the pre-freeze (Sperm motility) and post-thaw stages. Lower malondialdehyde (MDA) level (nmol/mL) was observed in Ovixcell as compared to Tris extender. Both sperm quality and MDA level decreased significantly (P < 0.05) from pre-freeze to post-thaw in both the extenders. CONCLUSION: The findings of the present study indicate that Ovixcell is a comparable alternative to Tris extender for the cryopreservation of crossbred ram semen.

Impact of medium and long chain triglycerides consumption on appetite and food intake in overweight men.

BACKGROUND: Medium chain triglycerides (MCT) enhance thermogenesis and may reduce food intake relative to long chain triglycerides (LCT). The goal of this study was to establish the effects of MCT on appetite and food intake and determine whether differences were due to differences in hormone concentrations. METHODS: Two randomized, crossover studies were conducted in which overweight men consumed 20 g of MCT or corn oil (LCT) at breakfast. Blood samples were obtained over 3 h. In Study 1 (n=10), an ad lib lunch was served after 3 h. In Study 2 (n=7), a preload containing 10 g of test oil was given at 3 h and lunch was served 1 h later. Linear mixed model analyses were performed to determine the effects of MCT and LCT oil on change in hormones and metabolites from fasting, adjusting for body weight. Correlations were computed between differences in hormones just before the test meals and differences in intakes after the two oils for Study 1 only. RESULTS: Food intake at the lunch test meal after the MCT preload (Study 2) was (mean±s.e.m.) 532±389 kcal vs 804±486 kcal after LCT (P<0.05). MCT consumption resulted in a lower rise in triglycerides (P=0.014) and glucose (P=0.066) and a higher rise in peptide YY (PYY, P=0.017) and leptin (P=0.036) compared with LCT (combined data). Correlations between differences in hormone levels (glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1), PYY) and differences in food intake were in the opposite direction to expectations. CONCLUSIONS: MCT consumption reduced food intake acutely but this does not seem to be mediated by changes in GLP-1, PYY and insulin.

Multidetector computed tomography of jaw lesions in children and adolescents.

Jaw lesions in paediatric and adolescent population are uncommon and can arise in odontogenic or non-odontogenic tissues. With the advent of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT), algorithm for imaging jaw lesions has changed dramatically. This pictorial essay describes the imaging appearance of commonly encountered jaw lesions in children and adolescents with emphasis on MDCT findings.

3-(2-Amino-1,3-thia-zol-4-yl)-6-bromo-2H-chromen-2-one.

The mol-ecule of the title compound, C(12)H(7)BrN(2)O(2)S, is essentially planar with a maximum deviation of 0.234 (3) Šfrom the mean plane through all non-H atoms. The dihedral angle between the coumarin ring plane and that of the five-membered thia-zole ring is 12.9 (1)°. In the crystal, strong N-H⋯O, N-H⋯N and weak but highly directional C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds provide the links between the mol-ecules. In addition, C-H⋯π and π-π inter-actions [centroid-centroid distances = 3.950 (3)-4.024 (3) Å] provide additional stability to the inter-layer regions in the lattice.

3-(2-Amino-1,3-thia-zol-4-yl)-6-chloro-2H-chromen-2-one.

The title compound, C(12)H(7)ClN(2)O(2)S, crystallizes with two mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit. The mol-ecular conformation is roughly planar for both these mol-ecules with maximum deviations of 0.177 (3) and 0.076 (4) Šfrom their respective mean planes. In the crystal, strong N-H⋯N and weak but highly directional C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds provide the links between the mol-ecules. The structure is further stabilised by aromatic π-π stacking inter-actions with centroid-centroid distances in the range 3.650 (3)-3.960 (3) Å.

Upper lip swelling caused by a large dentigerous cyst with mesiodens.

Swelling of upper lip can results from various diseases such as salivary tumors, infections and inflammatory diseases and cyst, typically involving unerrupted teeth, are sometimes associated with supernumerary teeth in the maxillary anterior incisor region called the mesiodens. Mesiodens with dentigerous cyst is actually a rare case in the world and of course in Bangladesh. The overall prevalence of this type of cyst is only 0.15-1.9% of the total population. Recently we have experienced this kind of case like dentigerous cyst with mesiodens in the department of dentistry, Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM) Hospital. The patient was 24 years old male young complaining of slow growing painless swelling on the upper lip region for the last several years. Clinical examination revealed a soft intra oral swelling in the labial surface of maxillary incisor region and there was also extra orally upper lip swelling. Radiographic examination demonstrated a large radiolucent area with a mesiodens extending to the root of both lateral incisors. The patient was treated surgically by enucleation of total cysts and surgical extraction of mesiodens under local anesthesia.

Crystal engineering via C-H...F and C-H...pi interactions in two substituted indoles.

The crystal structures of 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-phenyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indole, C20H18FN, and 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-6,6-dimethyl-2-phenyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indole, C22H22FN, have been determined in order to study the role of 'organic fluorine' in crystal engineering. These molecules pack in the crystal structure via different types of molecular motifs utilizing weak C-H...F and C-H...pi interactions.

An analysis of C-H...O and C-H...pi interactions in three substituted 4-ketotetrahydroindoles.

The crystal and molecular structures of the three 4-ketotetrahydroindoles 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-6,6-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indol-4-one (C22H19ClFNO), (I), 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6,6-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indol-4-one (C23H22FNO2), (II), and 6,6-dimethyl-1,2-diphenyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indol-4-one (C22H21NO), (III), have been determined via single-crystal X-ray diffraction in order to study the intermolecular interactions therein. All three structures are stabilized via intermolecular C-H...O and C-H...pi interactions, generating different molecular motifs.

Two biologically active thiophene-3-carboxamide derivatives.

The two title compounds, 2-([(1Z)-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]methylene]amino)-4,5-dimethyl-N-(2-methylphenyl)thiophene-3-carboxamide, C(23)H(25)N(3)OS, (I), and 2-([(1E)-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]methylene]amino)-N-(4-methylphenyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-benzothiophene-3-carboxamide,C(25)H(27)N(3)OS, (II), show antibacterial and antifungal activities. The asymmetric unit of (II) contains two crystallographically independent molecules. The o-toluidine ring in (I) lies gauche with respect to the thiophene ring. In (II), the p-toluidine ring is coplanar with the thiophene ring in one molecule, but is tilted from it in the other molecule. Neither structure exhibits any significant intermolecular interactions, but in both, an intramolecular N-H.N hydrogen bond forms a pseudo-six-membered ring, thus locking the molecular conformation and removing conformational flexibility.

Ameloblastic fibroma in the midline of mandible: a case report.

The ameloblastic fibroma (AF) is a rare benign mixed odontogenic tumor. It is composed of both epithelial and mesenchymal elements, but lacks of any calcified dental structures. Most of these tumors occur in the mandible and appears preferentially in the posterior portion of the dental arch with molar area predominates over premolar area. It is important to differentiate the lesion from ameloblastoma, since unlike the latter, it does not exhibit a locally invasive growth pattern. It is a well-circumscribed lesion and does not require the radical excision that may be necessary to effect cure with ameloblastoma. The present case report describes a 15-year-old patient with an ameloblastic fibroma in the symphysis of the mandible, a rare reported site. In the beginning of the article an extensive review of the previously published literature on ameloblastic fibroma has been made. In the later part, the diagnosis, differential diagnosis, histology and therapeutic procedures and postoperative follow up of the present case have been described.

Cerebral heterotopia of the temporofacial region. Case report.

The authors report a case of cerebral heterotopia in the right temporofacial region of a neonate. The lesion presented as a massive cystic swelling containing cerebrospinal fluid. It produced calvarial and facial bone deformities. After the mass was excised, histological examination revealed glial tissue and choroid plexus.

Inhibition of clastogenic effects of arsenic through continued oral administration of garlic extract in mice in vivo.

Crude aqueous extract of garlic bulbs (Allium sativum L. single clove variety) was administered by gavage to mice of both sexes daily for up to 30 and 60 days, in doses corresponding to 6 g for a 60 kg human body. Sodium arsenite (at 1/50 of LD50 dose) was injected subcutaneously to mice on every 7th day of the experiment. Chromosome preparations made from bone marrow following flame drying Giemsa schedule were screened for chromosomal aberrations. The clastogenic affects of prolonged exposure to sodium arsenite --a strong clastogen-- was reduced by a highly significant amount when crude garlic extract, in the dose used, was given daily to the mice by intubation for the same period.

Mustard oil and garlic extract as inhibitors of sodium arsenite-induced chromosomal breaks in vivo.

Arsenic, a well-known human carcinogen present as a contaminant in ground water poses a serious threat to public health in various countries. The anticlastogenic properties of two dietary supplements, garlic and mustard oil, were screened against the clastogenic activity of sodium arsenite, since diet may contain factors which affect the process of mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. Aqueous extract of garlic (100 mg/kg b.w.) and mustard oil (0.643 mg/kg b.w.) were fed to Mus musculus for 30 consecutive days either singly or simultaneously. Sodium arsenite (0.1 mg/kg b.w.) was injected subcutaneously on days 7, 14, 21 and 30 of the experiment, singly and together with the dietary supplements. The animals were sacrificed 24 h after the last exposure to sodium arsenite and clastogenic effects were observed in the bone marrow cells. The degree of modulation of sodium arsenite-induced chromosomal aberrations was more pronounced in mustard oil than in garlic extract and simultaneous administration of both the dietary supplements reduced the clastogenic effects of sodium arsenite closer to the level of the negative control. The greater efficacy could be due to the interaction of the two dietary supplements and its radical scavenging property.

Heterotopic spinal cord? A curiosity.

Unusual morphological findings were encountered in a high cervical meningomyelocele sac of a neonate. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a massive liquid-filled sac traversed by a linear structure. The spinal cord was seen to be located normally within the spinal canal. At operation, a spinal cord-like structure was identified within the sac. This cord terminated posteriorly at the neural tissue lining the meningomyelocele sac. There were fibrous strands connecting the cord to the sac like the rigging of a ship. The anterior end of this cord terminated in a fibrous band. It extended upwards into the spinal canal through the narrow neck of the meningomyelocele sac above the arch of the atlas. The whole of this cord, along with the meningomyelocele sac, was excised. Histological analysis confirmed that this spinal cord-like structure consisted of glial tissue with an ependymal-lined cavity. The excised sac was lined by neural tissue.

Glial heterotopias of the nose: a report of two cases.

Two neonates are presented who had glial heterotopias of the nose, one with and the other without intracranial connections. It is important to distinguish these malformations from nasofrontal encephaloceles in order to avoid inadvertent exposure of the brain during surgical removal of the mass lesions. The distinction between them may not be clear clinically because of their similar pathogenesis.

Effects of crude garlic extract on mouse chromosomes in vivo.

Three concentrations (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight) of fresh garlic (Allium sativum L.) were administered daily by gavage to Swiss albino mice for different durations up to 60 days. These concentrations had been observed to protect significantly against effects of known clastogens. The endpoints scored were frequencies of chromosomal aberrations and damaged cells induced in bone marrow preparations. These parameters were found to be directly dose dependent and after an initial enhancement at 7 days, were reduced following prolonged exposure for 30 and 60 days to the low level observed at 24 hr. Therefore, administration of a low concentration of garlic extract daily is suggested for at least 30 days to obtain the maximum benefit of the extract in protecting against the clastogenic effects of known genotoxicants.