A case report of biclonal immunoglobulin D lambda/lambda multiple myeloma in patient with liver echinococcosis.

Less than 2% of all symptomatic multiple myeloma (MM) has immunoglobulin D (IgD) as monoclonal protein. Biclonal gammopathy is much rarer. At the time of diagnosis, disease is often in advanced stage, including renal failure, anemia, hypercalcemia and lytic bone lesions. Due to the rarity of myeloma itself, but also due to the fact that anti-IgD antisera is not used in routine practice, there are only a few reports of IgD MM described in the literature. This case report describes a patient with IgD lambda MM with anemia and renal failure. Anemia, renal failure, and > 80 percent plasma cells in bone biopsy in our patient with IgD lambda MM meets International Myeloma Working Group criteria for diagnosis of MM. The patient clinical course was similar to other patients with IgD MM. The final result of serum protein immunofixation (s-IFE) showed IgD lambda and free lambda monoclonal bands. To prevent misdiagnosis, it is necessary to use anti-IgD and anti-IgE antisera whenever the serum protein immunofixation with IgA, IgM, IgG, kappa and lambda antiserums shows a kappa or lambda monoclonal band without monoclonal band in heavy chain.

Predictive Value of High Sensitive Troponin I Assay in Acute Coronary Syndrome Compared to Classic Biochemical Markers.

The aims of this study were to compare predictive values of hsTroponin I assay with contemporary assays and its usefulness in diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We also aimed to determine reference values of the assay and the possibility of fast ACS diagnosis using hsTnI. The study included 26 patients with ongoing chest pains and suspected ACS. ACS diagnosis was determined using electrocardiographic changes and international guidelines. Biochemical parameters were measured using standard tests which included Troponin I, hsTroponin I, CK, CK-MB and CRP. 10 (38.5 %) patients out of 26 were diagnosed with ACS. Median age was 63.92 years. Comparison of predictive values showed that hsTnI and TnI had an advantage before CK, CK-MB and CRP. hsTnI showed no significant improvements over TnI. With an perfect negative predictive value at admission, hsTnI is recommended for use as a rule-out method for ACS in patients with chest pain and suspected ACS on admission. hsTnI was superior to contemporary TnI assays only as a rule-out method for suspected ACS patients at admission.