Endometrial thickness is a good predictor of clinical pregnancy and live birth rates in fresh and frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the endometrial thickness (EMT) measured on embryo transfer day on clinical pregnancy (CPR), live birth (LBR), and miscarriage rates (MR) in fresh and frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This prospective cohort study consisted of 160 patients, 80 frozen-thawed and 80 fresh cycles. Endometrial thickness was measured on the day of embryo transfer for fresh and frozen cycles. In addition to the endometrial thickness, the endometrial appearances of the patients in both groups were also recorded. Those without trilaminar appearance were excluded from the study. Both groups were classified according to the EMT values measured on the day of the transfer. The number of groups was calculated considering 1 mm intervals of EMT, and a total of 8 groups were formed. The initial group started with <6 mm, while the final group was >12 mm. The relationship between endometrial thickness, clinical pregnancy, live birth and miscarriage rates was analyzed using multivariable regression analysis. RESULTS: A significant correlation was observed between endometrial thickness values, clinical pregnancy rates, live birth rates in the analyses performed after adjusting for age, infertility duration, body mass index, number of MII oocytes, number and quality of embryos transferred. Based on univariate analysis, each 1 mm increase in EMT resulted in a significant increase in CPR (OR=1.08, 95% CI: 1.07-1.09, p<0.01). Similarly, the increase in EMT led to a significant increase in LBR (OR=1.12, 95% CI: 1.10-1.14, p<0.01). Although the relationship between miscarriage rates and EMT is not as clear as LBR and CPR, the increase in EMT led to a significant reduction in MR (OR=1.05, 95% CI: 1.03-1.05, p=0.03). The lowest CPR was detected at EMT <6 mm, while the EMT value with the highest CPR was 11-12 mm in both groups. Likewise, in both groups, the lowest LBR was detected at EMT <6 mm, while the EMT value with the highest LBR was 11-12 mm. Although MR showed a fluctuating course according to EMT values, it reached its highest rate at EMT <6 mm (100%). In EMT 11-12 mm, MR reached its lowest level (12.5%). If EMT >12 mm, an increase in MR rates was observed again (33.3%). CONCLUSIONS: Clinical pregnancy and live birth rates remain optimal if the endometrial thickness is between 11-12 mm in both fresh and frozen-thawed cycles. A fluctuating course is observed between EMT values and miscarriage rates.

The relationship between complete hydatidiform mole and serum Vitamin D level: a prospective case-control study.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine whether or not there was a relationship between complete hydatidiform mole (CHM) and serum Vitamin D level by comparing CHM patients with two control groups and to determine whether or not Vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for CHM. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This prospective study included 30 patients diagnosed with CHM (case group), 30 patients in the first trimester of a healthy pregnancy (control group), and 30 healthy non-pregnant subjects (control group). A record was made of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH D vitamin) levels, age, body mass index (BMI), gravida, parity, and the number of abortus. The serum 25-OH D vitamin levels were examined in each group and compared between groups. RESULTS: The 25-OH D vitamin level of all the patients in the study was determined as 11.16±8.64 ng/mL. No significant difference was determined between the groups in respect of 25 OH-D vitamin levels. When comparisons were made between the four subgroups according to the 25-OH-D level, no significant difference was determined between the CHM and control groups. When the patients were separated as obese and non-obese groups, no significant difference was determined between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Severe deficiency, deficiency, or insufficient levels of serum Vitamin D are not thought to be risk factors for CHM patients.

Effects of Potentilla fulgens on tuba uterina in ovariectomized rats / Efectos de Potentilla fulgens en la tuba uterina de ratas ovariectomizadas

A total of 32 Wistar rats were divided into four equal groups: (I) sham, (II) ischemia, (III) reperfusion and (IV) Potentilla fulgens. In groups I and II, ovary torsion was not performed and no drug was administered. In group III, 1 h of ischemia and 2 h of reperfusion were performed and no drug was given. Group IV received 400 mg/kg/day Potentilla fulgens intraperitoneally 5 days before Ischemia-reperfusion. All the parameters were observed to be significantly decreased (P<0.05) in all the experimental groups compared to the control group. In the sections of the ischemia-reperfusion group, degeneration of epithelium, dilation of blood vessels were observed. Potentilla fulgens administration reduced the morphological changes by induced I/R; in particular, infiltration, hemorrhage and vascular dilatation were decreased. Potentilla fulgens application during torsion, it plays an important role in maintaining the epithelial structure with E-cadherin expression. We suggest that PECAM-1(CD31) are a regulator of the microvascular response of the tubal mucosa.

Un total de 32 ratas Wistar fueron divididas en cuatro grupos: (I) Sham, (II) isquemia, (III) reperfusión y (IV) Potentilla fulgens. En los grupos I y II, no se realizó la torsión de ovario y ni se administró ningún tipo de fármaco. En el grupo III, se produjo isquemia por 1 h seguido de reperfusión por 2 h (I/R), sin administracion de fármacos. El grupo IV recibió 400 mg/kg por día de Potentilla fulgens vía intraperitoneal durante cinco días previo al protocolo de isquemia-reperfusión. Se observó que todos los parámetros disminuyeron significativamente (P <0,05) en todos los grupos experimentales en comparación con el grupo control. En las secciones del grupo de isquemia-reperfusión, se observó degeneración del epitelio y dilatación de los vasos sanguíneos. La administración de Potentilla fulgens reduce los cambios morfológicos inducidos por I/R; en particular, la infiltración, la hemorragia y la dilatación vascular. La aplicación de Potentilla fulgens durante la torsión, desempeña un papel importante en el mantenimiento de la estructura epitelial con la expresión de E-cadherina. Sugerimos que PECAM-1 (CD31) es un regulador de la respuesta microvascular de la mucosa tubárica.