Asunto(s)
Fraccionamiento Celular/métodos , ADN/aislamiento & purificación , Leucocitos Mononucleares/química , Adsorción , Automatización , Fraccionamiento Celular/economía , Fraccionamiento Celular/instrumentación , Centrifugación , ADN/sangre , ADN Viral/sangre , ADN Viral/aislamiento & purificación , Desoxirribonucleasa EcoRI , Detergentes/farmacología , Electroforesis en Gel de Agar , Etanol , Pruebas Genéticas/métodos , Guanidinas/farmacología , VIH/genética , VIH/aislamiento & purificación , Herpesvirus Humano 4/genética , Herpesvirus Humano 4/aislamiento & purificación , Humanos , Polimorfismo de Longitud del Fragmento de Restricción , Robótica/instrumentación , Dióxido de Silicio , Solventes , Suspensiones , Tiocianatos/farmacología , Viremia/diagnóstico , Viremia/virologíaRESUMEN
The production of hsp and apoptosis of leukocytes in the peripheral blood of animals naturally infected with Brucella spp or treated with the vaccine Brucella abortus 19 have been investigated in this study. Cytokines able to induce phagocytic activity in macrophages of non treated healthy animals were found in the supernatant of bovine leukocytes cultivated in vitro. A long-lasting antibody response against hsp 60 kDa and 27 kDa, which lasts a long time, is induced in naturally infected animals, while in animals vaccinated with B. abortus 19 we detected an antibody response against hsp 60 and 70 kDa which is much shorter, disappearing in two months. During the early phase of infection, lymphocytes and monocytes of naturally infected animals show a delay of apoptosis in vitro compared to the same cells coming from healthy controls and vaccinated animals.
Asunto(s)
Apoptosis , Vacuna contra la Brucelosis/inmunología , Brucella abortus/inmunología , Brucelosis Bovina/inmunología , Proteínas de Choque Térmico/inmunología , Leucocitos/inmunología , Aglutinación/inmunología , Animales , Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/sangre , Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/inmunología , Antígenos Bacterianos/inmunología , Western Blotting , Brucella abortus/patogenicidad , Brucelosis Bovina/microbiología , Brucelosis Bovina/patología , Brucelosis Bovina/terapia , Bovinos , Fragmentación del ADN , Femenino , Proteínas de Choque Térmico/química , Leucocitos/patología , Linfocitos/inmunología , Linfocitos/patología , Monocitos/inmunología , Monocitos/patología , Neutrófilos/inmunología , Neutrófilos/patología , Fagocitosis , VacunaciónRESUMEN
The work was devised to compare measurements of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) by technetium-99m-diethylenetriaminepentacetic acid (99mTc-DTPA) renogram to those by creatinine clearance (measured and predicted by Cockroft and Gault) and by inulin clearance. A total number of 65 individuals were enrolled: 15 healthy controls and 50 patients with renal disease. Compared to inulin clearance used as the gold standard, 99mTc-DTPA overestimated at low and underestimated at high GFRs. 99mTc-DTPA measurements were less precise than creatinine clearance except for individuals with GFR >100 ml/min x 1.73 m2. Measured creatinine clearance had the highest correlation coefficient with inulin clearance, 99mTc-DTPA clearance the lowest. In correlation analyses, 81.5% of the interindividual variability for measured creatinine clearance could be explained by true differences in inulin clearance; this value dropped to 59.1 and 57.4% for predicted creatinine clearance and 99mTc-DTPA, respectively. In patients with GFR <25 ml/min x 1.73 m2, all 99mTc-DTPA measurements were out of the 95% confidence interval for the inulin measurement. It can be inferred that 99mTc-DTPA clearance from the renogram is less precise than measured and predicted creatinine clearance.
Asunto(s)
Creatinina/metabolismo , Enfermedades Renales/diagnóstico , Renografía por Radioisótopo/normas , Pentetato de Tecnecio Tc 99m , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Tasa de Filtración Glomerular , Humanos , Inulina/farmacocinética , Glomérulos Renales/fisiología , Modelos Lineales , Masculino , Tasa de Depuración Metabólica , Persona de Mediana Edad , Renografía por Radioisótopo/métodos , Reproducibilidad de los ResultadosRESUMEN
99mTc-Tetrofosmin (TF) is a lipophilic diphosphine compound routinely used for myocardial scintigraphy. Extracardiac utilization has occurred in evaluation of patients with malignant neoplasms and in parathyroid adenomas. Although its uptake mechanisms are not completely understood, they appear similar to those of 99mTc Setamibi (MIBI). The importance of flow and the metabolic status of cells with an intracellular uptake depending on mitochondria and the Na+/K+ pump have been hypothesized. It has also been demonstrated that Tetrofosmin shares with MIBI the property of being a substrate for P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a multidrug resistance transporter. In this review the possible clinical role in breast cancer is analysed. First experiences suggest that scintimammography with TF is useful in patients with indeterminate Mammography and to obtain complementary data to avoid surgery and/or biopsy. TF is a reliable tracer for diagnosis of primary cancer, of local recurrence of axillary lymph node metastases. Preliminary data stimulate a possible role in functional imaging of chemoresistance and in differential diagnosis of distant metastases with main reference to the evaluation of single hot lesions at bone scan.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de la Mama/diagnóstico por imagen , Compuestos Organofosforados , Compuestos de Organotecnecio , Radiofármacos , Animales , Mama/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias de la Mama/epidemiología , Femenino , Humanos , Neoplasias Mamarias Experimentales/diagnóstico por imagen , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Cintigrafía , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Células Tumorales CultivadasAsunto(s)
Neoplasias de las Glándulas Suprarrenales/diagnóstico por imagen , Radioisótopos de Yodo , Yodobencenos , Feocromocitoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedades Renales Poliquísticas/complicaciones , 3-Yodobencilguanidina , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Suprarrenales/complicaciones , Medios de Contraste , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Feocromocitoma/complicaciones , Enfermedades Renales Poliquísticas/diagnóstico por imagen , Cintigrafía , Tecnecio Tc 99m MertiatidaRESUMEN
The uptake of Tc-99m tetrofosmin (TF) is reported in a case of parathyroid adenoma. A 65-year-old woman was studied on different days with TF, Tc-99m sestamibi (MIBI) and Tl-201 chloride (Tl). TF and MIBI injections were preceded by oral administration of potassium perchlorate. Clear identification of the adenoma was observed in all scans. No further information was obtained using a subtraction technique with Tc-99m pertechnetate. Regarding the thyroid/parathyroid ratio, different kinetics between TF and MIBI appear to be demonstrated. In particular, thyroid washout was observed with MIBI but not with TF.
Asunto(s)
Adenoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Compuestos Organofosforados , Compuestos de Organotecnecio , Neoplasias de las Paratiroides/diagnóstico por imagen , Tecnecio Tc 99m Sestamibi , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Glándulas Paratiroides/diagnóstico por imagen , Cintigrafía , Pertecnetato de Sodio Tc 99m , Técnica de Sustracción , Glándula Tiroides/diagnóstico por imagenRESUMEN
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1) syndrome comprises tumors or hyperplasia of different glands, including parathyroid, pituitary, adrenal cortex and the gastroenteropancreatic system. The vast majority of MEN 1 are found in familial clusters, although a few cases are sporadic. Hypercalcemia and/or nephrocalcinosis are the first and most common clinical manifestation in familial MEN 1 syndrome, followed by islet cell tumors (especially those secreting gastrin or insulin) and pituitary dysfunction due to either functioning or non-functioning microadenomas. Genetic studies indicate that familial MEN 1 syndrome is inherited through a dominant gene with incomplete penetrance and variable expression. The diagnosis of MEN 1 syndrome is mainly based on the careful assessment of the clinical history, symptoms physical evaluation along with the assay of serum electrolytes (i.e., calcium, phosphorus, etc.) and hormonal substances (i.e., gastrin, insulin, pancreatic polypeptide, prolactin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, etc.). In addition, several provocative tests have been used to identify endocrine tumors (particularly those of the gastroenteropancreatic system) and imaging techniques play a crucial role for the diagnostic approach in MEN 1 syndrome. Even though in the long term, the prognosis of MEN 1 syndrome is unfavourable. Recently, however, many therapeutic strategies, including both surgical and pharmacological options, have been developed to reduce the size of the neoplasm and control symptoms associated with hormone oversecretion.
Asunto(s)
Gastrinoma/cirugía , Neoplasia Endocrina Múltiple Tipo 1 , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/cirugía , Neoplasias Hipofisarias/cirugía , Antineoplásicos Hormonales/uso terapéutico , Femenino , Gastrinoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Gastrinoma/patología , Humanos , Hiperparatiroidismo , Masculino , Neoplasia Endocrina Múltiple Tipo 1/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasia Endocrina Múltiple Tipo 1/genética , Neoplasia Endocrina Múltiple Tipo 1/patología , Neoplasia Endocrina Múltiple Tipo 1/cirugía , Octreótido/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/patología , Neoplasias de las Paratiroides/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias de las Paratiroides/patología , Neoplasias Hipofisarias/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Hipofisarias/patología , PronósticoRESUMEN
Septic sacroiliitis in childhood is a relatively rare condition. We describe a case of septic sacroiliitis occurring in an 11-year-old girl in whom the diagnosis was suspected on clinical findings and bone scan. Immunoscintigraphy with 99mTc-labelled antigranulocyte antibodies further supported the hypothesis for a septic origin of the disease. The clinical evolution clinched the diagnosis.
Asunto(s)
Artritis Infecciosa/diagnóstico , Radioinmunodetección , Articulación Sacroiliaca/patología , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Artritis Infecciosa/tratamiento farmacológico , Artritis Infecciosa/fisiopatología , Niño , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Femenino , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Radioinmunodetección/métodos , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
Aim of our study was to evaluate the uptake of Indium-111 Octreotide (OCT) at the level of thyroid and orbits in autoimmune thyroid diseases. Nine patients with Graves' disease (GD) who were also affected with thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) and four patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) were evaluated. A patient with lung cancer, presenting ophthalmopathy did not related to autoimmune dysthyroidism, was also studied. All patients with ophthalmopathy were evaluated by a Clinical Activity Score and an A-scan standardized echography. Multiple planar images were acquired over a 24-hour period after i.v. injection of 111 MBq of 111In-OCT. A SPECT study was also obtained in 7 patients five hours after the injection. A qualitative analysis was performed. Semiquantitative ratios comparing the counts on the thyroid with respect to background (T/BK) and on the orbits and brain with respect to the blood-pool were also obtained. Thyroid uptake of OCT was higher in GD with respect to HT, and was not related to the functional state of the gland. The highest T/BK ratio was observed at the 24 hour control. Intense orbital uptake was observed only in case where a clinically active ophthalmopathy was present.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Autoinmunes/diagnóstico por imagen , Radioisótopos de Indio , Octreótido/análogos & derivados , Radiofármacos , Enfermedades de la Tiroides/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedades de la Tiroides/inmunología , Adulto , Anciano , Enfermedades Autoinmunes/metabolismo , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagen , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Oftalmopatías/diagnóstico por imagen , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Enfermedad de Graves/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedad de Graves/metabolismo , Humanos , Radioisótopos de Indio/administración & dosificación , Radioisótopos de Indio/farmacocinética , Inyecciones Intravenosas , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico por imagen , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Octreótido/administración & dosificación , Octreótido/farmacocinética , Órbita/diagnóstico por imagen , Órbita/metabolismo , Radiofármacos/administración & dosificación , Radiofármacos/farmacocinética , Enfermedades de la Tiroides/metabolismo , Glándula Tiroides/diagnóstico por imagen , Glándula Tiroides/metabolismo , Tiroiditis Autoinmune/diagnóstico por imagen , Tiroiditis Autoinmune/metabolismo , Tomografía Computarizada de Emisión de Fotón Único , UltrasonografíaRESUMEN
Myocardial SPECT imaging was performed with Tc-99m tetrofosmin. Intense focal uptake at the level of the left breast was observed. At mammography a breast carcinoma was suspected, which was confirmed after surgery. This may be the first report of neoplastic mammary uptake of Tc-99m tetrofosmin.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de la Mama/diagnóstico por imagen , Compuestos Organofosforados , Compuestos de Organotecnecio , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tomografía Computarizada de Emisión de Fotón ÚnicoRESUMEN
Thyroid Associated Ophthalmopathy (TAO) is an autoimmune disorder generally associated with Graves' disease (GD). The aim of our study was to evaluate the uptake of indium-111 Octreotide (111In-OCT), a somatostatin (SS) analogue able to bind specific SS receptors, at the level of the thyroid and orbits in patients with TAO. Seven patients with exophthalmos were investigated: six had GD while one was affected with a non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). One patient with GD had undergone total thyroidectomy (TT) for a thyroid cancer. At the time of the study two patients were hyperthyroid, four were euthyroid and one was hypothyroid. 111 MBq of 111In-OCT were i.v. injected and two 30-minute scans were performed at 4 and 24 hours; 5 minute planar images were also obtained at 25, 60 and 120 minutes. A 180 degrees SPECT was carried out 5 hours after the injection in one patient. A qualitative analysis was performed, comparing these images with those obtained in 7 control patients without thyroid illness or exophthalmos. Moreover, in the TAO patients thyroid, orbit and brain counts were evaluated in comparison with background (BK) and blood activity (BA), measured at the level of the venous longitudinal sinus. In GD intense thyroid uptake was demonstrated independently of the functional state, with highest ratio compared to BK seen at 24 hours. Low uptake in the patient with NSCLC, no activity in the patient with GD that underwent TT, and slight or absent thyroid uptake in the controls were observed. Intense uptake was seen in the orbits of the patient who clinically had the most severe ophthalmopathy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Asunto(s)
Exoftalmia/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedad de Graves/diagnóstico por imagen , Radioisótopos de Indio , Octreótido/análogos & derivados , Ácido Pentético/análogos & derivados , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Órbita/diagnóstico por imagen , Glándula Tiroides/diagnóstico por imagen , Tomografía Computarizada de Emisión de Fotón ÚnicoRESUMEN
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1) is an autosomal dominant condition with high penetrance and variable expressivity, in which tumors or hyperplasia occur in two or more endocrine organs. Some authors have investigated chromosomal instability in MEN 1 and MEN 2; the results are controversial. Chromosome analyses were performed on lymphocytes from seven patients with MEN 1, four healthy first-degree relatives (three of whom were children), six phenotypically normal volunteers, and three patients with Fanconi's anemia. To evaluate chromosomal instability we analyzed phytohemagglutinin-stimulated lymphocyte cultures with and without diepoxibutane. We observed an increase in the frequency of spontaneous chromosomal alterations in four patients. After the DEB test we found an increase in chromatid breakages, gaps, and exchange figures. These findings support the inclusion of the MEN 1 syndrome among the disorders with "chromosomal instability."
Asunto(s)
Aberraciones Cromosómicas , Neoplasia Endocrina Múltiple Tipo 1/genética , Adulto , Anciano , Alquilantes , Células Cultivadas , Compuestos Epoxi , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadAsunto(s)
Divertículo/diagnóstico por imagen , Traumatismos por Radiación/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedades Uretrales/diagnóstico por imagen , Anciano , Divertículo/etiología , Femenino , Humanos , Traumatismos por Radiación/etiología , Ultrasonografía/métodos , Enfermedades Uretrales/etiología , VaginaAsunto(s)
Quimioembolización Terapéutica , Arteria Hepática , Neoplasias Hepáticas/secundario , Neoplasias Hepáticas/terapia , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/patología , Estreptozocina/administración & dosificación , Humanos , Hígado/diagnóstico por imagen , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XRESUMEN
Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging was employed to evaluate musculoskeletal pathoanatomy, and proved to be extremely useful in characterizing knee pathology. Between October 1986 and November 1987, 24 patients with suspected traumatic ligament injuries were examined with high resolution MR imaging in the RMRC diagnostic center, Naples, with a 0.5 T superconducting magnet (5000 Magniscan CGR) using a surface coil and a 500/28 (repetition time: TR: ms/echo time: TE-ms), 1200-1600/35-105 spin-echo pulse sequence. Nineteen patients with positive MR imaging exams underwent diagnostic and/or therapeutic arthroscopy. Arthroscopy confirmed MR diagnosis in the whole of cases. In 6 patients with negative MR findings no arthroscopy followed and the patients' successful outcome confirmed the accuracy of MR negative predictive value. Such results prove MR imaging to have a high diagnostic accuracy in the evaluation of acute joint injuries of the knee. Moreover, MR imaging--an uninvasive screening technique--appears to have high potentials for the evaluation of those cases where diagnostic arthroscopy is not required.