A major QTL for durable leaf rust resistance widely exploited in durum wheat breeding programs maps on the distal region of chromosome arm 7BL.

A recombinant inbred line (RIL) population and a set of advanced lines from multiple crosses were used to investigate the leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.) resistance carried by the durum wheat cultivar Creso and its derivatives (Colosseo and Plinio). One hundred seventy-six RILs from the cross Colosseo x Lloyd were tested under artificial rust inoculation in the field. The response at the seedling stage was also investigated. A major QTL (QLr.ubo-7B.2) for leaf rust resistance controlling both the seedling and the adult open field based-response was mapped on 7BL, with the favourable allele inherited from Colosseo. QLr.ubo-7B.2 showed R2 and LOD peak values for the area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) equal to 72.9% and 44.5, respectively. The presence and location of QLr.ubo-7B.2 was validated by a linkage disequilibrium-based test using two-year field data of 62 advanced lines from 21 crosses with Creso, Colosseo or Plinio as resistance donors. QLr.ubo-7B.2 maps in a gene-dense region (7BL10-0.78-1.00) carrying several genes/QTLs in wheat and barley for resistance to rusts and other fungal diseases.

Clinical and radiographic results of ACL reconstruction: a 5- to 7-year follow-up study of outside-in versus inside-out reconstruction techniques.

This study compared the clinical outcome of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction between the inside-out and the outside-in techniques and assessed radiographically whether surgical technique affects the position and direction of the bone tunnels. A patellar tendon ACL reconstruction was performed in 141 patients with inside-out (group I, n = 78) and outside-in technique (group II, n = 63). Clinical results were evaluated using the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) form; radiographic study was performed in anteroposterior, lateral, and notch views. Overall results in group I were normal in 23% of cases, nearly normal in 55%, and abnormal in 22%; in group II there were normal results in 19% of cases, nearly normal in 57%, abnormal in 19%, and severely abnormal in 5%. Radiographic examination identified important differences between the two groups. The main differences between the two surgical techniques were related to the positioning of the femoral tunnel. With the inside-out technique the femoral tunnel was significantly more vertical, both in the frontal and the sagittal planes. Moreover, the femoral tunnel was higher when drilled from the inside, but the difference between the two techniques was not statistically significant. The differences found between the two techniques regarding the tibial tunnel were not significant, although in the inside-out group the tibial tunnel seemed slightly more lateral, vertical, and posterior. Moreover, we observed a greater risk of bone-screw divergence on the femur in the inside-out group. This divergence was greatest in the sagittal plane. However, we observed no effect of this bone-screw divergence on the stability of the knee at follow-up.