RESUMEN
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a severe, orphan disease characterized by a steady increase in symptoms of parkinsonism, cerebellar disorders, and autonomic failure. In addition to autonomic failure, which is considered the defining symptom of this type of atypical parkinsonism, there are a range of other non-motor clinical manifestations, such as sleep disorders, pain syndrome, anxiety-depressive disorders, cognitive impairment (CI). CI, especially severe CI, has long been considered as a distinctive feature of MCA. Recently, there have been many clinical studies with pathomorphological or neuroimaging confirmation, indicating a high prevalence of cognitive disorders in MCA. In this article, we discuss the pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of MCA and CI in MCA, as well as the range of clinical manifestations of cognitive dysfunction.
Asunto(s)
Disfunción Cognitiva , Atrofia de Múltiples Sistemas , Atrofia de Múltiples Sistemas/diagnóstico , Atrofia de Múltiples Sistemas/complicaciones , Atrofia de Múltiples Sistemas/fisiopatología , Humanos , Disfunción Cognitiva/diagnóstico , Disfunción Cognitiva/etiología , Disfunción Cognitiva/fisiopatologíaRESUMEN
Cerebral and central hemodynamics were studied in 45 patients acutely affected with vertebrobasilar apoplexy. Noninvasive methods-ultrasonic dopplerography of the extracranial carotid and vertebral arteries, unidirectional echocardiography were employed on post-apoplectic days 1, 7 and 21. The same examinations were performed in two groups of control subjects: healthy persons and patients with dyscirculatory encephalopathy degree I and II. The comparison of relevant data elucidated regularities of interaction existing in the changes of cerebral and central hemodynamics in patients with vertebrobasilar apoplexy of moderate severity. Prognostic significance of the findings is characterized.
Asunto(s)
Circulación Cerebrovascular , Trastornos Cerebrovasculares/fisiopatología , Hemodinámica , Insuficiencia Vertebrobasilar/fisiopatología , Enfermedad Aguda , Adulto , Anciano , Arteria Carótida Interna/diagnóstico por imagen , Trastornos Cerebrovasculares/diagnóstico por imagen , Trastornos Cerebrovasculares/etiología , Ecocardiografía , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Ultrasonografía Doppler , Arteria Vertebral/diagnóstico por imagen , Insuficiencia Vertebrobasilar/complicaciones , Insuficiencia Vertebrobasilar/diagnóstico por imagenRESUMEN
A study was made of the central and cerebral hemodynamics in 65 patients with occlusive lesions of the main arteries of the head in the acute period of ischemic brain stroke (on days 1, 7 and 21). Ultrasound dopplerography of the extracranial part of the main arteries of the head and unidimensional echocardiography were employed. Analysis of the linear velocity of the blood flow in the internal carotid and vertebral arteries, of their diameter and volumetric blood flow, and of the central hemodynamics allowed a conclusion that the presence of cardial pathology in ischemic brain stroke promotes a progressive decrease of contractile and pump function of the left ventricular myocardium toward the end of the acute period of ischemic brain stroke.