Asunto(s)
Mapeo Cromosómico , Genoma Humano , Genoma , Mamíferos/genética , Animales , Secuencia de Bases , Pintura Cromosómica , Humanos , Hibridación de Ácido Nucleico , FilogeniaRESUMEN
A population of Alouatta caraya in northern Argentina had an ecological density of 130 animals per km2 . Mean troop size varied from 7.2 to 8.9 individuals, and the ratio of adult males to adult females from 0.58 to 0.51. Infants comprised from 6% to 14% of the population, juveniles from 16% to 21%. These percentages probably vary seasonally in response to a birth peak at the beginning of the dry season. Males were age-graded in multi-male troops. Sexual dimorphism was extreme in this species. Males were all black and averaged 6.7 kg; females were yellow-brown and averaged 4.4 kg. Juvenile males retained the pelage color of the female until approximately 4.5 yr of age and 5 kg in weight. No genital mimicry or exaggeration occurred in this species. Vocalizations of A. caraya were similar to those of A. seniculus, both of which tend to be lower pitched than those of A. palliata.
RESUMEN
The female-male interaction system of the Tasmanian devil, Sarcophilus barrisii, was analyzed in captivity. A description of visual, chemical, tactile, and auditory signals was prepared based on an encounter series. The vocalizations of the Tasmanian devil were classified and described with respect to their probable function. The vocalizations of other marsupials are compared with those of the Tasmanian devil. Four basic syllable types are defined. Although the auditory signals of marsupials are generally low in intensity and easily overlooked by an investigator, it would appear that they exhibit a complexity equivalent to the calls of many Eutherian mammals. Marsupial vocalizations are not necessarily always produced in specific contexts, but the four basic vocalization types are related to at least four different functions and reflect adaptations for conveying information in several widely differing contexts. The problems of establishing homologies among vocalizations are discussed.