[Os odontoideum: clinical and radiological aspects]. / Os odontoïdeum : aspects cliniques et radiologiques.

Few reports of os odontoideum have been made. We report two cases where this affection was revealed by cervical pain and hemiparesis in one case and acute tetraparesis in the other. Patients with os odontoideum usually present with neurological signs, but some have only cervical pain and some others remain asymptomatic. Radiological exams, including radiograms, cervical scanner and MRI lead to the diagnosis. Different surgical treatment can be proposed to symptomatic patients. Prophylactic surgical treatment is not indicated.

[Tumor of the maxilla presenting as primary hyperparathyroidism]. / Tumeur maxillaire révélant une hyperparathyroïdie primitive: à propos d'un cas.

Brown tumors are classic bony lesions of hyperparathyroidism. They usually occur in severe forms with osteolytic subperiosteal lesions. Facial bones are a rare localization: 2% of all cases. The aim of this study was to report a case of multiple craniofacial location of brown tumors and to discuss, within a review of the literature, the role of imagery in the diagnosis of this disease.

[Maffucci syndrome: an historical case]. / Le syndrome de Maffucci: à propos d'un cas historique.

We report a case of Maffucci syndrome in a 24-year-old patient, diagnosed thanks to the data of the clinical examination, the imagery and the histology. The clinical, radiological and evolutionary aspects are discussed, as well as the various therapeutic means.

[Kahler's disease presenting with a solitary cranial vault plasmacytoma]. / Maladie de Kahler révélée par un plasmocytome solitaire de la voûte.

INTRODUCTION: Solitary plasmocytoma is rarely located in the cranial vault. Usually observed, in elderly patients, occurrence during adolescence is extremely rare. We report the case of a 16-year-old patient presenting a cranial vault solitary plasmocytoma which revealed Kahler disease. CASE REPORT: A 16-year-old patient consulted for a frontal tumefaction becoming painful with diplopia. The cranio-encephalic radiography and the MRI showed a tumoral process involving cranial vault; biopsy revealed a solitary plasmocytoma. Search for multiple myeloma was negative. Six months later, a disease of Kahler was declared. CONCLUSION: Clinical and biological follow-up of cranial plasmocytoma is necessary, because progression to multiple myeloma is possible as in our observation. Imaging and particularly MRI are needed to specify the axial seat of the tumoral process and its relationship with the nervous and vascular structures.

[Neuro-imaging of tuberous sclerosis]. / Neuro-imagerie de la sclérose tubéreuse de Bourneville.

Tuberous sclerosis is a phakomatosis with central nervous system manifestations characterized by 4 lesions detectable on neuro-imaging: tubers, white matter abnormalities, subependymal nodules and subependymal astrocytomas. The first three are benign lesions composed of by identical cytological lesions varying only in size and location. At CT, enhancement of subependymal nodules is usually considered as evidence of transformation to subependymal giant cell astrocytoma. This latter poses the problem of its relative benignity: hydrocephalus source of morbidity or even mortality. From a series of 22 cases, the authors review the characteristics of these abnormalities.

[Occipital osteosarcoma of a 33 years old man: a case report]. / Ostéosarcome occipital chez un homme de 33 ans: à propos d'un cas.

Cranial localization of osteosarcoma is rare, representing only 0,7-3% of cranial primary tumours. The authors present the case of a 33 year old man with occipital osteosarcoma diagnosed by CT scan, MRI and angiography. The radiological features of this pathology are discussed.

[Ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint: a rare manifestation of ankylosing spondylitis]. / Ankylose de l'articulation temporo-mandibulaire: rare manifestation de la spondylarthrite ankylosante.

INTRODUCTION: The ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic inflammatory rheumatoid disease with predilection in the axial structures. The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is involved in 10 to 24% of cases. Ankylosis of the TMJ is exceptional, only 11 cases being reported to date. OBSERVATION: A 48-year-old patient had been followed since 1987 for severe ankylosing spondylitis. The patient, known to be positive for tissue antigen HLA B27, was admitted for limitation of mouth opening. At physical examination, mouth opening was reduced to 1cm with no mandibular movements and a stiffness of the cervical spine in flexion. Computed tomography of the TMJs highlighted a bilateral lesion with ankylosis of the left joint and of C1-C2. Surgical treatment consisted in block resection of the two TMJs using a cartilaginous rib. With a follow up of 9 months, results have been satisfactory. DISCUSSION: Complementary explorations should be undertaken in ankylosing spondylitis patients with clinical symptoms suggestive of TMJ lesions in order to establish the diagnosis and initiate treatment and avoid the development of ankylosic forms.

[Candida arthritis of the TM joint complicating chronic otitis media]. / Arthrite candidosique de l'articulation temporo-mandibulaire compliquant une otite moyenne chronique.

Infectious arthritis of the temporomandibular joint is very uncommon, and arthritis of the TM joint as a result of candida albicans infection has not previously been reported. The authors describe a patient treated for chronic otitis media complicated by arthritis of the temporomandibular joint. The diagnosis was made using CT scan and bacteriologic sampling.

[Intracranial textiloma]. / Textilome intracrânien.

The authors report a case of intracranial textiloma in a 36-year-old male diagnosed 3 years after surgery for a left spheno-orbital meningioma.

[MRI appearance of lumbar epidural abscesses: report of three cases]. / Abcès épiduraux lombaires: aspects en IRM.

The authors report three cases of non-tuberculous epidural abscess. Presenting symptoms included lumbar back pain, muscle spasms, soft tIssue swelling, and neurological deficits in all three cases. MR imaging was helpful for diagnosis and showed involvement of perivertebral soft tissues and an epidural abscess of variable size. There was no significant involvement of intervertebral disks or vertebrae. Diagnosis was confirmed by bacteriologic exam. Clinical outcome was favourable with antibiotic treatment.

[Sub occipital Pott's disease: report of 8 cases]. / Tuberculose de la jonction caranio-rachidienne. A propos de 8 observations.

Craniocervical Pott's disease remains exceptional, and may cause spinal instability and severe cervicomedullary complications. We report eight cases of tuberculous spondylodiscitis at the craniocervical junction revealed by signs of spinal cord compression, torticollis and dysphagia. The value of CT and MR imaging is discussed.