Biomass and carbon balance in a dry tropical forest area in northeast Brazil.

Forest ecosystems play an important role in mitigating the concentration increase of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere through carbon sequestration by plants and its storage in biomass and soil. The objective was to determine the aerial biomass carbon stock in a dry tropical forest in Brazil. It was developed between 2012 to 2015, in an area with an advanced regeneration stage (50 years) in the semi-arid region of Pernambuco and it was used 40 permanent plots (400 m²) distant 80 m apart, with 50 m from the border, totaling 1.6 ha of the area to sample the shrubby-arboreal component, where all individuals with circumference at breast height (1.30 m of the soil) equal or greater than 6 cm were identified, measured and labeled in 2012 and remeasured in 2015. It was calculated the biomass and carbon stocks through developed equations available in the literature. The results showed that the total biomass and carbon stock in the first year was 27.97 e 12.92 Mg.ha-1 while in 2015 it was 18.49 and 8.39 Mg.ha-1 respectively. The results showed a biomass and carbon stock reduction of more than 30% in the period evaluated, even this, the area manages to present values within the expected pattern for the region, assuring the importance of sustainable forest management of these native/natural vegetation areas.

Thermooptical PDMS-Single-Layer Graphene Axicon-like Device for Tunable Submicron Long Focus Beams.

Submicron long focusing range beams are gaining attention due to their potential applications, such as in optical manipulation, high-resolution lithography and microscopy. Here, we report on the theoretical and experimental characterization of an elastomeric polydimethylsiloxane/single layer graphene (PDMS/SLG) axicon-like tunable device, able to generate diffraction-resistant submicrometric spots in a pump and probe configuration. The working principle is based on the phase change of an input Gaussian beam induced in the elastomer via the thermo-optical effect, while the heating power is produced by the optical absorption of the SLG. The phase-modified beam is transformed by an objective into a long focus with submicron diameter. Our foci reach an experimental full width at half maximum (FWHM) spot diameter of 0.59 µm at the wavelength of 405 nm, with the FWHM length of the focal line greater than 90 µm. Moreover, the length of the focal line and the diameter of the focus can be easily tuned by varying the pump power. The proposed thermo-optical device can thus be useful for the simple and cheap improvement of the spatial resolution on long focus lines.

Atuação da fisioterapia aquática na esclerose lateral amiotrófica: revisão integrativa da literatura / Performance of aquatic physiotherapy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: integrative literature review

A Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica (ELA) é uma doença neurodegenerativa do sistema nervoso central, caracterizada pela rápida progressão e incapacidade, resultando em atrofia muscular, fraqueza generalizada e fasciculações, marcada pelo acometimento bulbar, ocasionando disartria, disfagia e desconforto respiratório. Objetivo: Avaliar por meio de uma revisão integrativa da literatura a intervenção da fisioterapêutica aquática na esclerose lateral amiotrófica. Métodos: Consiste em uma revisão integrativa desenvolvida com base na estratégia PICO e registrada na plataforma PROSPERO ­ International prospective register of systematic reviews, 2020, seguindo as recomendações do checklist da PRISMA, abrangendo a leitura, análise e interpretação de artigos publicados na integra, em periódicos científicos disponibilizados em seu formato online, nos idiomas inglês e português, nas bases de dados Pubmed, Medline, Cochrane Library e Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), que abordaram a atuação da fisioterapia aquática apresentando seus resultados e condutas adotadas. Resultados: Dos 1.093 artigos encontrados, 5 foram selecionados para essa revisão, sendo respectivamente: 01 estudo randomizado com grupo de 22 pessoas; 02 estudos de caso com 1 pessoa, em cada estudo, do sexo masculino; 01 revisão sistemática da literatura, identificando 31 estudos que avaliaram o uso da fisioterapia aquática como tratamento em uma das quatro condições neurológicas, visão geral dos efeitos do treinamento físico em ratos e pacientes afetados pela ELA, através de uma revisão da literatura. Conclusão: Os estudos demostram que a fisioterapia aquática tem um futuro promissor, podendo ser considerado um importante recurso terapêutico para os pacientes com ELA, beneficiando tanto as questões motoras funcionais, como osaspectos psicológicos e sociais.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system, characterized by rapid progression and disability, resulting in muscle atrophy, generalized weakness and fasciculations, marked by bulbar involvement, causing dysarthria, dysphagia and respiratory distress. Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate, through an integrative literature review, the intervention of aquatic physical therapy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Methods: It consists of an integrative review developed based on the PICO strategy and registered on the PROSPERO platform - International prospective register of systematic reviews, 2020, following the recommendations of the PRISMA checklist, covering the reading, analysis and interpretation of articles published in full, in journals scientific articles made available in their online format in English and Portuguese in the Pubmed, Medline, Cochrane Library and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) databases, which addressed the performance of aquatic physiotherapy, presenting their results and adopted behaviors. Results: Of the 1,093 articles found, 5 were selected for this review, respectively, a randomized study with a group of 22 people, 2 case studies with 1 person, in each study, male, a systematic review of the literature identified 31 studies that evaluated the use of aquatic physical therapy as a treatment in one of the four neurological conditions, overview of the effects of physical training in rats and patients affected by ALS, through a literature review. Conclusion: Studies show that aquatic physical therapy has a promising future, being considered an important therapeutic resource for patients with ALS, benefiting not only physical and functional issues, being important for psychological aspects and socialization.

Effectiveness of soil conditioners to enhance salt extraction ability of Salicornia ramosissima in saline-sodic soil for different soil moisture contents.

Soil salinity is considered one of the main types of soil degradation in semiarid environments around the globe. This work aims to evaluate the effectiveness of soil conditioners to enhance the growth and salt extraction ability of Salicornia ramosíssima for different soil moisture contents. Salicornia plants were cultivated in pots in which the soils were treated with the following conditioners: control; gypsum + organic matter; elemental sulfur + organic matter; and gypsum + elemental sulfur + organic matter. Salicornia plants were subjected to two soil moisture rates - at 35 and 85% field capacity. Soil conditioners associated with higher contents of soil moisture promoted significant increases, compared to control, in fresh (6.20 - 11.13 g) and dry matter (1.20 - 2.07 g), relative biomass (100 - 179%) as well as significantly increased the concentrations of Na+ (56.09 - 65.64 mg kg-1) and Cl- (110.83 - 150.0 mg kg-1) in plant tissues. Soil conditioners significantly increased salt extraction ability under the two moisture levels, mainly by promoting higher values for both transfer factor and phytoremediation potential. The best performance of Salicornia in terms of plant yield and salt extraction, regardless of the moisture level, was the gypsum + organic matter.Novelty statementThere are no studies in the literature relating the use of conditioners as a strategy to enhance Salicornia's ability to extract salts.This work contributes to the management of salinized areas around the globe in two main aspects. The first is that many of these salt-degraded areas are desertified and through this study, it is possible to revegetate and recover them. The second one is that, since Salicornia is a plant with economic value, this can serve as an incentive for farmers to grow Salicornia in saline areas.

Establishment Genes Present on pLS20 Family of Conjugative Plasmids Are Regulated in Two Different Ways.

During conjugation, a conjugative DNA element is transferred from a donor to a recipient cell via a connecting channel. Conjugation has clinical relevance because it is the major route for spreading antibiotic resistance and virulence genes. The conjugation process can be divided into different steps. The initial steps carried out in the donor cell culminate in the transfer of a single DNA strand (ssDNA) of the conjugative element into the recipient cell. However, stable settlement of the conjugative element in the new host requires at least two additional events: conversion of the transferred ssDNA into double-stranded DNA and inhibition of the hosts' defence mechanisms to prevent degradation of the transferred DNA. The genes involved in this late step are historically referred to as establishment genes. The defence mechanisms of the host must be inactivated rapidly and-importantly-transiently, because prolonged inactivation would make the cell vulnerable to the attack of other foreign DNA, such as those of phages. Therefore, expression of the establishment genes in the recipient cell has to be rapid but transient. Here, we studied regulation of the establishment genes present on the four clades of the pLS20 family of conjugative plasmids harboured by different Bacillus species. Evidence is presented that two fundamentally different mechanisms regulate the establishment genes present on these plasmids. Identification of the regulatory sequences were critical in revealing the establishment regulons. Remarkably, whereas the conjugation genes involved in the early steps of the conjugation process are conserved and are located in a single large operon, the establishment genes are highly variable and organised in multiple operons. We propose that the mosaical distribution of establishment genes in multiple operons is directly related to the variability of defence genes encoded by the host bacterial chromosomes.

Prevalencia y caracterización de mujeres vírgenes con diagnóstico de cáncer de cérvix, endometrio y ovario, un estudio de centro único / Prevalence and characterization of virgin women diagnosed with cervical, endometrial and ovarian cancer, a single center study

Introducción: El cáncer de endometrio, el cáncer de ovario y el cáncer cervicouterino son las neoplasias, dentro del cáncer del aparato reproductor femenino, que se consideran más frecuentes en la actualidad. La aparición de cáncer ginecológico en mujeres vírgenes demuestra que se deben consideran otras factores causales de la enfermedad, sin embargo, en nuestro país, no hay la suficiente evidencia de documentación sobre estos casos. El objetivo del presente estudio medir la prevalencia de cáncer de cuello uterino, útero y ovarios en mujeres vírgenes atendidas en un centro de referencia de Ginecología Oncológica de Guayaquil. Metodología: El estudio es observacional y transversal, se realizó en el Hospital de Especialidades Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, del Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social, Guayaquil-Ecuador, de enero del 2013 al diciembre del 2017. Se incluyeron pacientes con cáncer cervicouterino, de útero y ovarios divididos en Grupo 1 (G1) Mujeres vírgenes y Grupo 2 (G2): Mujeres con vida sexual activa. Las variables fueron edad, órgano afectado, comorbilidades, antecedente familiar de cáncer, tipo histológico y muerte. La muestra fue no probabilística, tipo censo. Se utiliza estadística analítica, la muestra dividida en 2 grupos se compara usando Chi2. Se reporta Odds Ratio con intervalo de confianza del 95%. Resultados: En G1 fueron 44 casos y en G2 fueron 337 casos. Lo que representa una prevalencia de 11.55% (IC95% 11.38-11.71%). Cáncer de Ovario en G1 fue 29/44 casos (66%) versus 95/337 casos (28.2%) en G2 P<0.0001 con OR: 4.92 (2.53-9.60). Cáncer de endometrio en G1 13/44 casos (29.5%) versus 54/337 casos (16%) en G2, OR 2.20 (1.08-4.47) P=0.03. Cáncer cervical en G1 2/44 casos (4.5%) y en G2 188/337 casos (55.8%) OR 0.38 (0.009-0.159) P<0.0001. La mortalidad en G1 fue 30/44 casos en G2 fue 130/337 casos, OR 4.14 (2.12-8.08) P>0.0001. Conclusión: En mujeres sin antecedentes de vida sexual, existe mayor riesgo de cáncer de ovario y de endometrio y el riesgo de cáncer de cérvix se disminuye un 96%. La mortalidad de este grupo de mujeres se duplica por la mayor existencia de cáncer de ovario y endometrial.

Introduction: Endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer and cervical cancer are the neoplasias, within cancer of the female reproductive system, which are considered more frequent today. The appearance of gynecological cancer in virgin women shows that other causal factors of the disease must be considered, however, in our country, there is not enough documentary evidence on these cases. The objective of this study is to measure the prevalence of cervical, uterine and ovarian cancer in virgin women treated in a reference center for Gynecology Oncology in Guayaquil. Methodology: The study is observational and cross-sectional, it was carried out at the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Specialties Hospital, of the Ecuadorian Social Security Institute, Guayaquil-Ecuador, from January 2013 to December 2017. Patients with cervical, uterine and cervical cancer were includ-ed. ovaries divided into Group 1 (G1) Virgin women and Group 2 (G2): Women with an active sexual life. The variables were age, affected organ, comorbidities, family history of cancer, histological type, and death. The sample was non-probabilistic, census type. Analytical statistics are used, the sample divided into 2 groups is compared using Chi2. Odds Ratio is reported with a confidence interval of 95%. Results: In G1 there were 44 cases and in G2 there were 337 cases. Which represents a prevalence of 11.55% (95% CI 11.38-11.71%). Ovarian cancer in G1 was 29/44 cases (66%) versus 95/337 cases (28.2%) in G2 P <0.0001 with OR: 4.92 (2.53-9.60). Endometrial cancer in G1 13/44 cases (29.5%) versus 54/337 cases (16%) in G2, OR 2.20 (1.08-4.47) P = 0.03. Cervical cancer in G1 2/44 cases (4.5%) and in G2 188/337 cases (55.8%) OR 0.38 (0.009-0.159) P <0.0001. Mortality in G1 was 30/44 cases in G2 it was 130/337 cases, OR 4.14 (2.12-8.08) P> 0.0001. Conclusion: In women with no history of sexual life, there is a greater risk of ovarian and endometrial cancer and the risk of cervical cancer is decreased by 96%. The mortality of this group of women doubles due to the increased existence of ovarian and endometrial cancer

Plant growth-promoting mechanisms and genetic diversity of bacteria strains isolated from Brachiaria humidicola and Brachiaria decumbens.

Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) have received great interest in recent decades. However, PGPB mechanisms remain poorly understood in forage species. We aimed to evaluate roots endophytic and rhizospheric bacteria strains from Brachiaria humidicola and Brachiaria decumbens. The strains were evaluated for biological nitrogen-fixing in saline stress (0 to 10.0 g L-1 of NaCl), N-acyl homoserine lactones and indole-like compounds (ILC) production, the activity of hydrolytic enzymes, and inorganic phosphate solubilization (IPS) under different C sources. The diversity of strains was assessed by BOX-PCR. About 58% of strains were positive for BNF. High salinity levels reduced the growth and BNF. About 58% produced N-acyl homoserine lactones. The ILC was present in 39% of strains. Cellulase, polygalacturonase, pectate lyase, and amylase production were observed in 77, 14, 22, and 25% of strains, respectively. The IPS was observed in 44, 81, and 87% of isolates when glucose, mannitol and sucrose were used, respectively. Comparing two plant species and niches, the strains associated with B. humidicola and root endophytic presented more PGPB mechanisms than others. We found high strain diversity, of which 64% showed similarity lower than 70%. These results can be supporting the bioproducts development to increase forage grasses production in tropical soils.

Genetic diversity of N-fixing and plant growth-promoting bacterial community in different sugarcane genotypes, association habitat and phenological phase of the crop.

This study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity of bacterial community associated to different sugarcane genotypes, association habitat and phenological phase of the culture, as well as to isolate, to identify and to characterize your potential for plant growth-promoting. Root and rhizospheric soil samples from RB 92579 and RB 867515 varieties were collected at 120 and 300 days after regrowth (DAR). The diversity of bacterial was evaluated through of the 16S rRNA and nifH genes. We found greater genetic diversity in the root endophytic habitat at 120 DAR. We identify the genera Burkholderia sp., Pantoea sp., Erwinia sp., Stenotrophomonas sp., Enterobacter sp. and Pseudomonas sp. The genera Bacillus sp. and Dyella sp. were only identified in the variety RB 92579. We found indices above 50% for biological nitrogen fixation, production of indole acetic acid and phosphate solubilization, showing that the use of these bacteria in biotechnological products is very promising.

Influence of the Ovine Genital Tract Microbiota on the Species Artificial Insemination Outcome. A Pilot Study in Commercial Sheep Farms.

To date, there is a lack of research into the vaginal and sperm microbiome and its bearing on artificial insemination (AI) success in the ovine species. Using hypervariable regions V3-V4 of the 16S rRNA, we describe, for the first time, the combined effect of the ovine microbiome of both females (50 ewes belonging to five herds) and males (five AI rams from an AI center) on AI outcome. Differences in microbiota abundance between pregnant and non-pregnant ewes and between ewes carrying progesterone-releasing intravaginal devices (PRID) with or without antibiotic were tested at different taxonomic levels. The antibiotic treatment applied with the PRID only altered Streptobacillus genus abundance, which was significantly lower in ewes carrying PRID with antibiotic. Mageebacillus, Histophilus, Actinobacilllus and Sneathia genera were significantly less abundant in pregnant ewes. In addition, these genera were more abundant in two farms with higher AI failure. Species of these genera such as Actinobacillus seminis and Histophilus somni have been associated with reproductive disorders in the ovine species. These genera were not present in the sperm samples of AI rams, but were found in the foreskin samples of rams belonging to herd 2 (with high AI failure rate) indicating that their presence in ewes' vagina could be due to prior transmission by natural mating with rams reared in the herd.

Homicídios em Belo Horizonte, MG: um retrato das iniquidades nas cidades / Homicides in Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil: a portrait of urban inequality

Resumo Os homicídios no Brasil são um dos indicadores mais sensíveis da desigualdade social nas cidades. Assim, políticas de proteção social integradas nos territórios podem impactar esse evento em saúde. Este artigo objetiva descrever os homicídios em Belo Horizonte à luz de um modelo conceitual, parte de um processo avaliativo de um projeto de reurbanização na cidade. A partir da revisão da literatura, construiu-se um modelo conceitual para a compreensão dos homicídios e sua vinculação com o viver nas cidades. Realizou-se um estudo descritivo dos homicídios a partir de dados do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM) relativos ao período de 2002 a 2012. O modelo conceitual reforça que os homicídios encontram nas cidades seus mais expressivos determinantes vinculados à desigualdade e à exclusão, junto a valores de uma cultura de força e preconceitos. Os homicídios em Belo Horizonte apresentam taxas elevadas na cidade formal, sendo de três a seis vezes maiores nas favelas. Morrem mais negros, jovens homens, de baixa escolaridade, nas vias públicas e nos territórios vulneráveis. Os homicídios são a síntese das desvantagens urbanas, especialmente em tais áreas. Retrata-se em Belo Horizonte o que se vê no Brasil, denunciando a desigualdade e sua perversidade no viver e morrer nas cidades.

Abstract In Brazil, homicides are one of the most sensitive indicators of urban social inequalities. Integrated social protection policies can have a definite impact over this health event. The objective of this article is to describe homicides in Belo Horizonte in the light of a conceptual model, part of the evaluation process of a redevelopment project in the city. Based on a review of the literature, this conceptual model was constructed to assess the relationship between homicides and urban living in Brazil. A descriptive study of homicides was carried out using data on the period from 2002 to 2012, extracted from the Mortality Information System (Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade - SIM). The conceptual model reinforces that the most expressive determinants of homicides are found in the cities, and are linked to inequality and exclusion, together with the values of a culture based on prejudice and the use of force. The prevalence of homicides in Belo Horizonte was high even in the formally urbanized part of the city, but reached numbers three to six times higher in its favelas. Most deaths pertain black young men of low schooling. These deaths usually take place in public roads and in vulnerable territories. Homicides are the synthesis of urban disadvantages, especially in vulnerable areas. The situation in Belo Horizonte is similar throughout the rest of Brazil. Pointing to the reality of living and dying in cities, these data testify against social inequality and its perversity.

CVD graphene/Ge interface: morphological and electronic characterization of ripples.

Graphene grown directly on germanium is a possible route for the integration of graphene into nanoelectronic devices as well as it is of great interest for materials science. The morphology of the interface between graphene and germanium influences the electronic properties and has not already been completely elucidated at atomic scale. In this work, we investigated the morphology of the single-layer graphene grown on Ge substrates with different crystallographic orientations. We determined the presence of sinusoidal ripples with a single propagation direction, zig-zag, and could arise due to compressive biaxial strain at the interface generated as a result of the opposite polarity of the thermal expansion coefficient of graphene and germanium. Local density of states measurements on the ripples showed a linear dispersion relation with the Dirac point slightly shifted with respect to the Fermi energy indicating that these out-of-plane deformations were n-doped, while the graphene regions between the highs were undoped.

Mortality from Homicides in Slums in the City of Belo Horizonte, Brazil: An Evaluation of the Impact of a Re-Urbanization Project.

Background: Homicide rates in Brazil are among the highest worldwide. Although not exclusive to large Brazilian cities, homicides find their most important determinants in cities' slums. In the last decade, an urban renewal process has been initiated in the city of Belo Horizonte, in Brazil. Named Vila Viva project, it includes structuring urban interventions such as urban renewal, social development actions and land regularization in the slums of the city. This study evaluates the project's effect on homicide rates according to time and interventions. Methods: Homicide rates were analyzed comparing five slums with interventions (S1⁻S5) to five grouped non-intervened slums (S0), with similar socioeconomic characteristics from 2002 to 2012. Poisson regression model estimates the effect of time of observation and the effect of time of exposure (in years) to a completed intervention, besides the overall risk ratio (RR). Results: Using the time of observation in years, homicide rates decreased in the studied period and even more if considered cumulative time of exposure to a completed intervention for S1, S2, S3 and S4, but not for S5. Conclusions: Although the results of the effect of the interventions are not repeated in all slums, a downward trend in homicide rates has been found, which is connected to the interventions. New approaches could be necessary in order to verify the nexus between slum renewal projects and the reduction of homicide rates.

Gold nanoparticles coupled with graphene quantum dots in organized medium to quantify aminoglycoside anti-biotics in yellow fever vaccine after solid phase extraction using a selective imprinted polymer.

The determination of kanamycin sulfate was made indirectly by measuring its effect on photoluminescent amino functionalized graphene quantum dots (GQDs-amino) associated with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) that were produced by the reduction of AuCl4 with NaBH4 in an aqueous dispersion of GQDs-amino (obtained by the pyrolysis of citric acid and glutathione) also containing the cationic surfactant CTAB. The AuNPs-GQDs-amino-CTAB system presents a suppressed photoluminescence that is amplified in the presence of kanamycin. Under optimized experimental conditions, the photoluminescence amplification of the nanomaterial system showed a linear response as a function of kanamycin concentration, covering three orders of magnitude (10-7 to 10-5 mol L-1). The use of solid phase extraction with a cartridge packed with aminoglycoside selective molecularly imprinted polymer ensured selectivity in determinations made on yellow-fever vaccine and veterinary pharmaceutical formulations. The analytical results were statistically similar to those obtained with an HPLC-based fluorescence method (after chemical derivatization). The proposed method is a simple, sensitive and selective approach that does not involve the use of toxic reagents employed for chemical derivatization of aminoglycoside antibiotics.

A prospective study of 138 arthroscopies of the temporomandibular joint / Estudo prospectivo de 138 artroscopias da articulação temporomandibular

INTRODUCTION: Internal derangements (ID) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) have a multifactorial etiology and are most often treated conservatively by splints, physical therapy and medications. Only in 2-5% of cases are the treatment surgical, either by arthroscopy or arthrotomy.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate improvement of mouth opening, pain relief during function, position of the articular disk and complications following Arthroscopic Lyse and Lavage (ALL).METHODS: A prospective study of 78 patients (138 TMJs) with TMJ ID, 5 males and 73 females, mean age 29.7 years, treated between January 2010 and April 2013, who were refractory to conservative treatment, had limited mouth opening and pain localized to the TMJ during function, and who were submitted to TMJ ALL and followed for a period of 12 months, with periodic reviews.RESULTS: ALL was effective in 93.6% of cases, with 85.3% experiencing improvement in mouth opening and 91.2% in pain reduction during function, 63% improvement in disk position and a rate of complications of 6.2%.CONCLUSION: In this study the ALL exhibited a high rate of success with low morbidity in internal derangements of the TMJ.

INTRODUÇÃO: Os desarranjos internos (DI) da articulação temporomandibular (ATM), possuem etiologia multifatorial, sendo tratados na maioria das vezes de forma conservadora através splints, fisioterapia e medicamentos. Apenas 2% a 5% dos casos tem indicação cirúrgica, seja através de artroscopia ou artrotomia.OBJETIVO: Avaliar melhora da abertura bucal, melhora da dor, posicionamento do disco articular e complicações pós Lise e Lavagem Artroscópica (ALL).MÉTODO: Estudo prospectivo com uma serie de 78 pacientes (138 ATMs) com DI da ATM, sendo 5 homens e 73 mulheres, com média etária de 29,7 anos, atendidos entre janeiro de 2010 e abril de 2013, refratários ao tratamento conservador, apresentando limitação de abertura bucal e dor localizada em ATM em função, sendo submetidos à ALL da ATM e acompanhados por um período de 12 meses, com avaliações periódicas.RESULTADOS: A ALL foi eficiente em 93,6 % dos casos estudados, com 85,3% melhora na abertura bucal e 91,2% na redução da dor em função, 63% de melhora na posição discal em IRM de controle e índice 6,2% de complicações.CONCLUSÃO: No presente estudo a ALL mostrou-se um tratamento com um alto índice de sucesso, com baixa morbidade, nos desarranjos internos da ATM.

A prospective study of 138 arthroscopies of the temporomandibular joint.

INTRODUCTION: Internal derangements (ID) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) have a multifactorial etiology and are most often treated conservatively by splints, physical therapy and medications. Only in 2-5% of cases are the treatment surgical, either by arthroscopy or arthrotomy. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate improvement of mouth opening, pain relief during function, position of the articular disk and complications following Arthroscopic Lyse and Lavage (ALL). METHODS: A prospective study of 78 patients (138 TMJs) with TMJ ID, 5 males and 73 females, mean age 29.7 years, treated between January 2010 and April 2013, who were refractory to conservative treatment, had limited mouth opening and pain localized to the TMJ during function, and who were submitted to TMJ ALL and followed for a period of 12 months, with periodic reviews. RESULTS: ALL was effective in 93.6% of cases, with 85.3% experiencing improvement in mouth opening and 91.2% in pain reduction during function, 63% improvement in disk position and a rate of complications of 6.2%. CONCLUSION: In this study the ALL exhibited a high rate of success with low morbidity in internal derangements of the TMJ.

[Predictors of reversion to sinus rhythm previous to electrical cardioversion in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation treated with anti-arrhythmic drugs]. / Factores predictivos de reversión a ritmo sinusal precardioversión eléctrica en pacientes con fibrilación auricular persistente tratados con antiarrítmicos.

BACKGROUND: Some patients with persistent atrial fibrillation treated pharmacologically revert to sinus rhythm prior to electrical cardioversion. Knowledge of factors predicting this effect may be clinically useful. METHODOLOGY: Data were obtained from patients enrolled in the study REgistro sobre la cardioVERSión en España (REVERSE) and treated with antiarrhythmic drugs that potentially may cause pharmacological reversal. We analized by means of logistic regression predictive factors related to reversion to sinus rhythm precardioversion. RESULTS: Of the 752 patients treated with antiarrhythmic drugs, 160 (21%) reverted to sinus rhythm without electrical cardioversion. Amiodarone was the most widely used active compound (82%) and apparently the most effective. However, differences with other antiarrhythmic drugs were not significant (amiodarone 22% versus other antiarrhythmic drugs 17%, P = .22). Lack of obesity (body mass index < 30 kg/m(2)) (odds ratio [OR] = 1.9; P = .006), duration of atrial fibrillation < 1 year (OR 3.4; P=.02) and the absence of structural heart disease (OR 1,59; P = .01) were identified as independent variables with predictive value of pharmacological reversal to sinus rhythm. Among patients treated with amiodarone who met these criteria, the frequency of successful treatment increased up to 31%. CONCLUSION: In patients with persistent atrial fibrillation treated with anti-arrhythmic drugs, lack of obesity, duration of atrial fibrillation < 1 year and the absence of structural heart disease are predictors of reversion to sinus rhythm before electrical cardioversion.

Raro caso de osteolipoma na cavidade oral / Rare case of osteolipoma in the oral cavity

Osteolipomas são subtipos de lipomas com metaplasia óssea, em sua maioria com tecido ósseo em seu interior e de ocorrência extremamente rara na cavidade bucal, tanto que na literatura mundial, até a presente data, existem apenas 12 publicações. Sua etiologia ainda não é bem esclarecida, sendo descritas várias teorias. Histológicamente apresentam tecido adiposo maduro circundado por tecido ósseo ou com tecido ósseo em seu interior. Apresentamos um raro caso de osteolipoma na cavidade oral localizado no fórnix mandibular de um paciente do sexo feminino, totalmente envolto por tecido ósseo maduro e completamente independente do tecido ósseo adjacente. Após a remoção cirúrgica, durante seis anos de acompanhamento, não houve sinal clínico de recidiva

Osteolipomas are subtypes of lipoma with osseous metaplasia, mostly with bone inside and extremely rare occurrence in the oral cavity, so that in the literature, at time, there are only 12 papers. Its etiology is not well understood, several theories being described. Histologically feature mature adipose tissue surrounded by bone tissue ar bone tissue inside. We present a rare case of osteolipoma oral cavity located in the mandibular fornix of a female patient, totally surrounded by mature bone tissue and completely independent of the adjacent bone tissue. After surgical remova I, during six years of follow-up, there were no clinical signs of recurrence

Pneumoencéfalo associado a trauma de face: relato de caso / Pneumocephalus associated with facial trauma: a case report

O pneumoencéfalo consiste em um acúmulo de ar no interior da cavidade intracraniana, podendo ou não estar associado à ruptura da dura-máter. Devido à sua localização, os principais sintomas ocorrem em consequência da hipertensão intracraniana, caracterizando cefaleia, convulsão, diminuição do nível de consciência, náusea, vômito, tontura e hemiparesia. O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de relatar um caso clínico de paciente de gênero masculino, 27 anos de idade, vítima de acidente automobilístico com trauma em face e crânio, apresentando, em primeiro atendimento, assimetria facial com afundamento de região zigomática direita, epistaxe sem aparente alteração nasal, diplopia, diminuição de acuidade auditiva esquerda, sem mobilidade ou crepitação óssea à manipulação de terço médio de face e diminuição de acuidade auditiva esquerda evoluindo, em 12 horas, com paralisia e parestesia em hemiface esquerda, cefaleia frontal e tontura após assumir posição ortostática revelando, em TC de crânio, diversas imagens hipodensas em região intracraniana compatível com pneumoencéfalo maciço, realizando acompanhamento clínico deste com involução do caso em 6 dias.

Pneumocephalus consists of an accumulation of air inside the intracranial cavity, and may or may not be associated with the rupture of the dura mater. Due to its location, the main symptoms occur as a result of intracranial hypertension, characterizing headache, seizure, decreased level of consciousness, nausea, vomiting, dizziness and hemiparesis. The present study sets out to report a case of a 27-year-old male patient, a car accident victim with facial and skull trauma, presenting originally a facial asymmetry with sinking of the right zygomatic region, epistaxis with no apparent nasal alteration, diplopia, decreased left hearing acuity, manipulation without mobility or crackling bone of the middle third of the face and progressing in twelve hours to paralysis and numbness in the left hemiface, frontal headache and dizziness in the standing position. A cranial CT scan showed several hypodense images in the intracranial region compatible with massive pneumocephalus. A clinical follow-up revealed involution of the case in 6 days.

Influência da salinidade sobre o crescimento e a produção de ácido indol acético de Burkholderia spp. endofíticas de cana-de-açúcar / Salinity influence on the growth and production of indole acetic acid by endophytic Burkholderia spp. from sugarcane

A cana-de-açúcar é uma fonte importante de alimento e bioenergia. Assim, o estudo da interação com bactérias endofíticas que fixam o nitrogênio atmosférico (FBN) e produzem o ácido indol acético (AIA) vem sendo amplamente explorado. Porém, devido à sensibilidade bacteriana, tanto a produção de AIA, como a FBN, podem sofrer o impacto de fatores edafoclimáticos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência de diferentes concentrações de NaCl sobre o crescimento bacteriano, a FBN e a produção de AIA in vitro de linhagens bacterianas do gênero Burkholderia, isoladas endofiticamente de plantas de cana-de-açúcar, cultivadas no estado de Pernambuco. Para tanto, duas linhagens bacterianas endofíticas das espécies Burkholderia gladioli e B. heleia foram inoculadas em meio TSA (com L-triptofano) acrescido de cinco concentrações de NaCl: 0,1; 1; 10; 25 e 50 g.L-1 e incubadas sob agitação. O crescimento bacteriano e a produção de AIA foram avaliados através de um espectrofotômetro por 48 horas. Para o teste de fixação de nitrogênio, as linhagens foram inoculadas em meio LGI-P semi-sólido acrescido de cinco concentrações de NaCl: 0,1; 1; 10; 25 e 50 g.L1 e incubadas a 28ºC por 10 dias. Foi possível observar que altas concentrações de NaCl influenciaram negativamente o crescimento bacteriano e a produção do AIA in vitro por B. glaidoli e B. heleia. E que, concentrações de NaCl acima de 25 g.L-1 inibiram a capacidade de fixar nitrogênio, de ambas as linhagens.

The sugarcane is an important source of food and bioenergy. So, the study of its interaction with endophytic bacteria that fix atmospheric nitrogen (BNF) and produce indole acetic acid (IAA) has been widely explored. However, due to bacterial sensitivity, both the production of IAA as the BNF may suffer the impact of soil and climatic factors. The goal of this study was to evaluate the influence of the NaCl different concentrations on the bacterial growth, on the BNF and on the IAA production in vitro by endophytic bacterial strains of the genus Burkholderia isolated from sugarcane plants grown in the Pernambuco State. In this study, two endophytic bacterial strains of Burkholderia gladioli and B. heleia species were inoculated in TSA (with L-tryptophan) added of five NaCl concentrations: 0.1, 1, 10, 25 and 50 g.L-1 and incubated under agitation. Bacterial growth and IAA production were assessed using a spectrophotometer for 48 hours. The nitrogen fixation test was carried out by the inoculation of the bacteria in semi-solid LGP-I added of five NaCl concentrations: 0.1, 1, 10, 25 and 50 g.L-1 and incubated at 28°C during 10 days. It was observed that high concentrations of NaCl influenced negatively the bacterial growth and indole acetic acid production in vitro by B. glaidoli and B. heleia. Nevertheless, NaCl concentrations above 25 g.L-1 inhibited the ability to fix nitrogen in both strains.

Variabilidade genética de bactérias diazotróficas associadas a plantas de cana-de-açúcar capazes de solubilizar fosfato inorgânico / Genetic variability of sugarcane-associated diazotrophic bacteria capable of inorganic phosphate solubilizing

A cana-de-açúcar é uma cultura de grande importância agrícola, nacional e mundial, requerendo grandes quantidades de fertilizantes nitrogenados e fosfatados. Além disso, apresenta associação com bactérias que podem promover o desenvolvimento vegetal. O objetivo deste trabalho foi selecionar bactérias diazotróficas, associadas a plantas de cana-de-açúcar, capazes de solubilizar fosfato inorgânico e avaliar a variabilidade genética bacteriana. Para tanto, foram avaliadas 68 linhagens bacterianas diazotróficas, endofíticas de folha e raiz e do rizoplano, de plantas de três variedades de cana-de-açúcar. A seleção de bactérias solubilizadoras de fosfato inorgânico foi realizada em meio sólido suplementado com fosfato insolúvel, sendo avaliado o índice de solubilização. A análise da variabilidade genética foi realizada pela técnica de BOX-PCR. Os resultados revelaram que 74% das linhagens diazotróficas foram capazes de solubilizar fosfato, apresentando índices de solubilização diferentes. Foi observado que o tecido vegetal e a variedade de cana influenciaram a interação entre bactérias diazotróficas solubilizadoras de fosfato e plantas de cana. O BOX-PCR revelou alta variabilidade genética entre as linhagens analisadas. Logo, conclui-se que as bactérias diazotróficas associadas a plantas de cana-deaçúcar avaliadas expressam a capacidade de solubilizar fosfato inorgânico e que algumas bactérias avaliadas pela técnica de BOX-PCR apresentam alta variabilidade genética.

The sugarcane is a culture of great importance for the Brazilian agriculture. Every year this culture consumes great amounts of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers. However, the use of plant growth-promoting bacteria can reduce the use of the chemical fertilizers, contributing to the economy and the environment conservation. So, the goal of this study was to select sugarcane-associated diazotrophic bacteria able to solubilize inorganic phosphate and to evaluate the genetic diversity of these bacteria. A total of 68 diazotrophic bacteria, leaf and root endophytic and rizoplane, of three sugarcane varieties. The selection of inorganic phosphate solubilizing diazotrophic bacteria was assayed by the solubilization index (SI) in solid medium containing insoluble phosphate. The genetic variability was analyzed by the BOX-PCR technique. The results showed that 74% of the diazotrophic strains were able to solubilize inorganic phosphate, presenting classes of different SI. The results showed that the vegetal tissue and the genotype plant influenced in the interaction between phosphate solubilizing diazotrophic bacteria and sugarcane plants. BOX-PCR revealed high genetic variability among the strains analyzed. So, sugarcane-associated diazotrophic bacteria express the capacity to solubilize inorganic phosphate and they present high genetic diversity.