Linfoma MALT de localización colónica: a propósito de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Colonic MALT Lymphoma. Case report and literature review

Resumen El linfoma MALT es una forma poco frecuente de linfoma no Hodking de células B de bajo grado, que se desarrolla a expensas del tejido linfoide de las membranas mucosas. La localización más frecuente a nivel gastrointestinal es el estómago relacionando con la infección por Helicobacter pylori. El linfoma MALT colónico es una entidad extremadamente rara y cuya incidencia no supera el 5% de los casos en países asiáticos, con series porcentualmente menores al 2,5%, siendo la ubicación de este tipo de linfoma la más inusual de todo el tracto digestivo en comparación con otras neoplasias malignas que afectan al colon. Los autores exponen el caso infrecuente de presentación de linfoma tipo MALT de localización colónica en un paciente varón de 51 años, describiendo la clínica, los resultados de pruebas complementarias y el tratamiento recibido por el paciente.

Abstract MALT lymphoma is a rare form of low-grade non-Hodking B-cell lymphoma, which develops at the expense of lymphoid tissue of the mucous membranes. The most frequent location at the gastrointestinal level is the stomach related to the infection by Helicobacter pylori. Colonic MALT lymphoma is an extremely rare entity and the incidence of which does not exceed 5% of cases in Asian countries, with a series of less than 2.5%, with the location of this type of lymphoma being the most unusual of the entire digestive tract compared to other malignant neoplasms that affect the colon. The authors present the infrequent case of presentation of MALT-type lymphoma of colonic location in a 51-year-old male patient, describing the clinic, the results of complementary tests and the treatment received by the patient.

Disease-Free Survival for Patients with Thin Melanomas according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer 8th Edition.

BACKGROUND: The recently implemented AJCC 8th edition TNM staging system for malignant melanoma (MM) changed the definition for T1a and T1b tumours. OBJECTIVES: To analyse differences in disease-free survival (DFS) among patients with thin MM staged according to both AJCC 7th and 8th editions. METHODS: An observational study including 285 patients with cutaneous thin MM (thickness ≤1 mm). Cases were staged as T1a and T1b using both 7th and 8th editions. Neither regional nor visceral diseases were present at diagnosis. DFS curves were generated according to the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: An 8% shift of patients from a T1a towards a T1b stage group was observed after applying the AJCC 8th edition. According to this 8th edition, DFS for T1a patients was significantly longer than for T1b patients (log-rank test; p = 0.005); 5-year DFS for T1a and T1b was 100 and 95%, respectively (Wilcoxon test; p = 0.002). According to the AJCC 7th edition, DFS did not significantly differ for T1a and T1b patients; 5-year DFS for T1a and T1b was 99 and 97%, respectively (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The AJCC 8th edition seems to be a better tool for staging thin melanomas.

Carcinoma neuroendocrino rectal: Una neoplasia infrecuente / Neuroendocrine rectal carcinoma: An infrequent tumor

Resumen El carcinoma neuroendocrino (CNE) es una entidad infrecuente encontrándose usualmente al diagnóstico en estadios avanzados. El tratamiento suele ser combinado, quirúrgico junto a quimiorradioterapia. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 73 años estudiada por síndrome constitucional y rectorragias. Tras completar estudios fue diagnosticada de CNE rectal pobremente diferenciado a 5 cm del margen anal con adenopatías mesorrectales. Inicio quimioterapia de inducción con respuesta parcial y se realizó resección anterior de recto ultrabaja con anastomosis primaria e ileostomia en asa derivativa, con histología de CNE de células grandes pT2N0 Mx. Posteriormente recibió quimioterapia adyuvante. El CNE rectal es una neoplasia rara, presente entre la 4o-7o década de la vida y con sintomatología similar al adenocarcinoma colorrectal, siendo un tumor poco diferenciado y muy agresivo. El papel de la neo adyuvancia es fundamental dado que suele ser una enfermedad avanzada al diagnóstico, disminuye el tamaño del tumor primario y permite realizar posteriormente resecciones oncológicas.

Abstract Neuroendocrine carcinoma (NC) is an infrequent pathology that is usually found in the advanced stages. The treatment is surgery, and combined chemotherapy andradiotherapy. A 73-year old woman was being studied for constitutional syndrome and rectal bleeding. After which, she was diagnosed with a poorly differentiated rectal NC, 5 cm from de anal margin with mesorectal lymph nodes. Induction chemotheraphy was started with partial response. A low anterior resection of rectum was performed with primary anastomoses and diverting loop ileostomy. The histology result was a large-cell NC, staged as pT2N0 Mx. She then received adjuvant chemotherapy. Rectal NC is infrequent, and usually presents between the fourth and seventh decade of life. Its symptoms are similar to colorectal adenocarcinoma, but it has a lower grade of differentiation, and is more aggressive. Neoadjuvant treatment is essential as it usually a metastatic disease at diagnosis, and helps to decrease the tumor size, and allows oncological surgery to be performed later.

Clinicopathological characteristics of cutaneous malignant melanoma in patients at a tertiary hospital in Macaronesia. Survival as a function of locoregional prognostic factors per the American Joint Committee on Cancer.

BACKGROUND: Despite suffering high ultraviolet radiation levels, few data on malignant melanoma (MM) in Macaronesia are available. METHODS: Observational study of cutaneous MM cases diagnosed during a period of 12 years at a tertiary hospital in Canary Islands. RESULTS: A total of 532 patients (female/male = 1.4) with an average age of 56 years were included; 5% developed more than one MM, and 7% reported family history of MM. Phototype II (43%), dark eyes (41%), and dark hair (41%) predominated. There was a lower frequency of light-colored hair and eyes in those born in the Canary Islands. The most frequent locations of MM were on the back for men (37%) and on the lower extremities for women (35%). Among the infiltrating tumors (83%), the (median) thickness was 1.07 mm (women, 0.90 mm; men, 1.21 mm). Anatomopathological ulceration (AU) and a mitotic rate ≥1 mitosis/mm2 (HMR) were recorded in 27% of patients. Patients with regional disease constituted 12% of the population. The most common stage was IA (34%). Melanoma-specific survival (MSSV) decreased significantly with thickness, presence of AU, HMR, and sentinel lymph node disease. These four variables were independent prognostic factors. The five-year MSSV varied between 100% (stage IA) and 39% (stage IIIC). CONCLUSIONS: The characteristics of the patients were similar to those published in datasets from continental Europe, although the pigmentary features were darker in those originating from Macaronesia. The prognostic parameters described in the 7th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) independently predict MSSV in our patients.

Bowel obstruction secondary to intraluminal migration of the abdominal wall mesh.

Eventration is an important public health problem due to its high incidence of around 12-15% in all laparotomies performed. The repair of an eventration has a 5-15% risk of complications. In recent years, the repair with prosthetic material has resulted in additional complications.