Characterization of key aroma compounds in a novel Chinese rice wine Xijiao Huojiu during its biological-ageing-like process by untargeted metabolomics.

Xijiao Huojiu (Xijiao), an ancient Chinese rice wine (ACRW), is produced using traditional methods, which involve biological-ageing-like process and result in distinctive sensory profiles. However, its aroma composition is still unclear. In this study, the aroma characteristics of three samples with varying ageing times were examined. Xijiao_SCT, with a short cellar time, exhibited a strong fruity and floral aroma and a less grain-like aroma. Conversely, Xijiao_LCT, which had a long cellar time, had a deep cocoa- and caramel-like aroma. A total of 27 key odorants that greatly influenced the aroma characteristics of Xijiao were identified. Comparative studies were used to identify 12 key odorants that distinguish Xijiao from modern Chinese rice wine (MCRW) and grape wines (GW). Additionally, 13 dominant latent ageing markers differentiated Xijiao_SCT from Xijiao_LCT. Our results suggested that ACRW and MCRW have overlapping but distinct volatile metabolomic profiles, highlighting the characteristics of ACRW during ageing process.

Cytochalasans from the endophytic fungus Diaporthe ueckerae associated with the fern Pteris vittata.

Six previously undescribed cytochalasans, ueckerchalasins A-E and 4'-hydroxycytochalasin J3, together with eight known congeners, were isolated from solid cultures of the endophytic fungus Diaporthe ueckerae SC-J0123 which was originally isolated from the leaves of Pteris vittata L. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and theoretical simulations of ECD spectra and 13C NMR shifts. Ueckerchalasins A-C have a carbon-carbon bridge between C-14 and C-20, forming a rare 5/6/6/7-fused heterocyclic core. Ueckerchalasins C and D displayed selective activity against human carcinoma HeLa and HepG2 cells. Ueckerchalasins C was also active against Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA).

Correlation analysis of Trial of Org 10172 in acute stroke treatment classification and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score in acute cerebral infarction with risk factors.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between the Trial of Org 10172 in acute stroke treatment classification and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score of acute cerebral infarction as well as acute cerebral infarction's risk factors. METHODS: The clinical data of 3,996 patients with acute cerebral infarction hospitalized in Hebei Renqiu Kangjixintu Hospital from January 2014 to November 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. According to Trial of Org 10172 in acute stroke treatment, they were divided into five groups: arteriosclerosis, cardio cerebral embolism, arterial occlusion, other causes, and unknown causes. Through questionnaire design, routine physical examination, and physical and chemical analysis of fasting venous blood samples, the risk factors were evaluated, and the correlation between Trial of Org 10172 in acute stroke treatment classification and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale classification was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. In addition, the relationship between National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score and risk factors in different groups was compared, and the correlation between Trial of Org 10172 in acute stroke treatment classification and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score was analyzed. RESULTS: Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes, atrial fibrillation or stroke history, age, and education level were related to Trial of Org 10172 in acute stroke treatment classification. In the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale comparison, the scores of the cardio cerebral embolism group were significantly higher than those of the other four groups, and patients with diabetes, atrial fibrillation, or stroke history had a high share, especially atrial fibrillation (33.06%). CONCLUSIONS: The nerve function defect is more serious after acute cerebral infarction with cardiogenic cerebral embolism, indicating a poor prognosis.

Correlation analysis of Trial of Org 10172 in acute stroke treatment classification and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score in acute cerebral infarction with risk factors

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between the Trial of Org 10172 in acute stroke treatment classification and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score of acute cerebral infarction as well as acute cerebral infarction's risk factors. METHODS: The clinical data of 3,996 patients with acute cerebral infarction hospitalized in Hebei Renqiu Kangjixintu Hospital from January 2014 to November 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. According to Trial of Org 10172 in acute stroke treatment, they were divided into five groups: arteriosclerosis, cardio cerebral embolism, arterial occlusion, other causes, and unknown causes. Through questionnaire design, routine physical examination, and physical and chemical analysis of fasting venous blood samples, the risk factors were evaluated, and the correlation between Trial of Org 10172 in acute stroke treatment classification and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale classification was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. In addition, the relationship between National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score and risk factors in different groups was compared, and the correlation between Trial of Org 10172 in acute stroke treatment classification and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score was analyzed. RESULTS: Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes, atrial fibrillation or stroke history, age, and education level were related to Trial of Org 10172 in acute stroke treatment classification. In the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale comparison, the scores of the cardio cerebral embolism group were significantly higher than those of the other four groups, and patients with diabetes, atrial fibrillation, or stroke history had a high share, especially atrial fibrillation (33.06%). CONCLUSIONS: The nerve function defect is more serious after acute cerebral infarction with cardiogenic cerebral embolism, indicating a poor prognosis.

ECAS progression score: a web-based model to predict progression of extracranial carotid artery stenosis.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To develop and validate a risk model (Extracranial Carotid Artery Stenosis progression score, ECAS-PS) and to predict risk of ECAS progression. METHODS: The ECAS-PS was developed based on the Renqiu Stroke Screening Study (RSSS), in which eligible participants were randomly divided into derivation (60%) and validation (40%) cohorts. ECAS at baseline and follow-up was diagosed by carotid duplex ultrasound according to the published criteria. ECAS progression was defined as an increase in ECAS to≥50% for those with a baseline of <50% or as an increase to a higher category of stenosis if the baseline stenosis was ≥50%. Independent predictors of ECAS progression were obtained using multivariable logistic regression. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test were used to assess model discrimination and calibration. RESULTS: A total of 4111 participants were included and the mean age was 64.3. A total number of 29 (0.7%), 24 (0.6%) and 48 (1.2%) patients progressed during 2-year follow-up for left, right and bilateral (either left or right) carotid artery, respectively. The ECAS-PS was developed from a set of predictors of ECAS progression. The ECAS-PS demonstrated good discrimination in both the derivation and validation cohorts (AUROC range: 0.824-0.917). The Hosmer-Lemeshow tests of ECAS progression score were not significant in the derivation and validation cohorts (all P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The ECAS progression score is a valid model for predicting the risk of ECAS progression. Further validation of the ECAS-PS in different populations and larger samples is warranted.

ECAS score: a web-based risk model to predict moderate and severe extracranial carotid artery stenosis.

Background and purpose To develop and validate a risk model (Extracranial Carotid Artery Stenosis score, ECAS score) to predict moderate and severe ECAS. Furthermore, we compared discrimination of the ECAS score and three existing models with regard to both moderate and severe ECAS. Methods The ECAS score was developed based on the Renqiu Stroke Screening Study (RSSS), in which eligible patients were randomly divided into derivation (60%) and validation (40%) cohorts. ECAS was diagnosed by carotid duplex ultrasound according to the published criteria. Independent predictors of moderate (≥50%) and severe (≥70%) ECAS were obtained using multivariable logistic regression. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test were used to assess model discrimination and calibration. Results A total of 5010 participants were included and the mean age was 64.3. The proportion of ECAS of < 50%, 50-69%, 70-99% and occlusion was 4.4, 0.5, 0.4, and 0.4%, respectively. The ECAS score was developed from sets of predictors of moderate and severe ECAS. The ECAS score demonstrated good discrimination in the derivation and validation cohorts (AUROC range: 0.785-0.846). The Hosmer-Lemeshow tests of ECAS score for moderate and severe ECAS were not significant in the derivation and validation cohorts (all P > 0.05). When compared to the three existing models, the ECAS score showed significantly better discrimination for both moderate and severe ECAS (all P < 0.001). Conclusion The ECAS score is a valid model for predicting moderate and severe ECAS. Further validation of the ECAS score in different populations and larger samples is warranted.

[A study on the relationship between metabolic syndrome and anterior cerebral infarction].

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MS) and anterior circulation infarction (ACI). METHODS: 271 ACI patients (166 men and 105 women) who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of China Guideline for Cerebrovascular Disease Prevention and Treatment were enrolled. 147 control subjects (67 men and 80 women) without the clinical signs of cerebral infarction but with detailed case history, physical examination and CT or MRI were also selected. The prevalence and risk of MS were observed in the ACI and control group. MS was defined with the modified criteria in Chinese. RESULTS: The prevalence of MS in the ACI group and control subjects was respectively 43.17% and 19.05%. The prevalence of MS was significantly higher in the ACI group as compared with the control subjects (P < 0.01). The component level of MS were significantly different between the two groups (P < 0.05). MS was associated with a 3.7 fold higher risk of ACI (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: There is a close relationship between MS and ACI. MS is an important risk factor of ACI.