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1.
Soc Sci Med ; 138: 210-6, 2015 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26119260

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: We aimed to analyse the impact of psychosocial work environment on non-work-related sickness absence (NWRSA) among a prospective cohort study, stratified using a random sampling technique. METHODS: Psychosocial variables were assessed among 15,643 healthy workers using a brief version of the Spanish adaptation of Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire. A one year follow-up assessed the total count of NWRSA days. Zero-inflated negative binomial regression was used for multivariate analyses. RESULTS: After adjusting for covariates, low levels of job control and possibilities for development (Odds Ratio [OR]: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.01-1.36 [men]; OR: 1.39 95% CI: 1.09-1.77 [women]), poor social support and quality of leadership (OR: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.11-1.50 [men]; OR: 1.28; 95% CI: 1.01-1.63 [women]), and poor rewards (OR: 1.34; 95% CI: 1.14-1.57 [men]; OR: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.01-1.66 [women]) predicted a total count of sickness absence greater than zero, in both men and women. Double presence was also significantly associated with NWRSA different than 0, but only among women (OR: 1.40; 95% CI: 1.08-1.81). Analyses found no association between psychosocial risk factors at work and the total count (i.e., number of days) of sickness absences. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that work-related psychosocial factors may increase the likelihood of initiating an NWRSA episode, but were not associated with the length of the sickness absence episode. Among our large cohort we observed that some associations were gender-dependent, suggesting that future research should consider gender when designing psychosocial interventions aimed at decreasing sickness absences.


Asunto(s)
Absentismo , Estrés Psicológico/complicaciones , Lugar de Trabajo/psicología , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Satisfacción en el Trabajo , Masculino , Estudios Prospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Factores Sexuales , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
2.
Actas Esp Psiquiatr ; 35(6): 351-8, 2007.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18004673

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Pharmacological treatment of traumarelated mobidity has neither the efficacy nor specificity desired. Thus, several attempts have been made to add new drugs to the usual treatments, in this case with propranolol and hypnotic drugs. METHOD: We offered this treatment to the victims of the March 11, 2004 terrorism attack who were attended within the first week of this attack for psychiatric reasons (n=21) and who also fulfilled criteria for acute stress disorder (ASD) (n=15) and had no contraindications for the treatment (n=3). Trauma intensity was measured with Horowitz impact of events scale (IES). Significant clinical data were collected. RESULTS: Propranolol treatment was associated with clinical remission of target symptoms in 63.6 % of the cases, partial response in 27.3 % and no response in 9.1%. Hypnotic treatment was also associated with clinical remission in 61.5 % and partial response in 38.5 %. Statistically significant correlations were found at the beginning for IES with disability, and after the first month with the propranolol and hypnotic responses. CONCLUSIONS: Propranolol and hypnotic treatments are useful in the decrease of ASD symptoms. IES is very useful to predict disability as well as poor response to propranolol or hypnotic drugs. More studies are needed to confirm the data obtained in our sample.


Asunto(s)
Antagonistas Adrenérgicos beta/uso terapéutico , Hipnóticos y Sedantes/uso terapéutico , Propranolol/uso terapéutico , Trastornos de Estrés Traumático Agudo/tratamiento farmacológico , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Inducción de Remisión , Trastornos de Estrés Traumático Agudo/epidemiología
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