'That's just the Ovary!' and other cases of mistaken identity on CT of the female pelvis.

CT is often the first imaging test in female patients with lower abdominal and pelvic pain because of the wide availability of CT and differential diagnoses that span both gynecologic and gastrointestinal disease. Pathology within the female pelvis may be difficult to diagnose on CT owing to suboptimal delineation of anatomy in comparison to MRI and ultrasound. These challenges are confounded by overlapping imaging features of a wide range of gynecologic entities and can lead to diagnostic dilemmas. High value CT interpretation will direct the clinician to the best next diagnostic step as ultrasound and MRI provide superior soft tissue delineation. Other imaging modalities, laboratory investigations, or tissue sampling may be necessary to definitively characterize indeterminate lesions. In this review, we illustrate various cases of mistaken identity on CT of the female pelvis involving the ovaries, uterus, and peritoneal cavity while highlighting clinical pearls that may aid the radiologist in arriving at the correct diagnosis and avoiding potential pitfalls.

Clinical and Imaging Features of MRI Screen-Detected Breast Cancer.

BACKGROUND: Supplemental screening with breast MRI is recommended annually for patients who have greater than 20% lifetime risk for breast cancer. While there is robust data regarding features of mammographic screen-detected breast cancers, there is limited data regarding MRI-screen-detected cancers. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Screening breast MRIs performed between August 1, 2016 and July 30, 2022 identified 50 screen-detected breast cancers in 47 patients. Clinical and imaging features of all eligible cancers were recorded. RESULTS: During the study period, 50 MRI-screen detected cancers were identified in 47 patients. The majority of MRI-screen detected cancers (32/50, 64%) were invasive. Pathology revealed ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) in 36% (18/50), invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) in 52% (26/50), invasive lobular carcinoma in 10% (5/50), and angiosarcoma in 2% (1/50). The majority of patients (43/47, 91%) were stage 0 or 1 at diagnosis and there were no breast cancer-related deaths during the follow-up periods. Cancers presented as masses in 50% (25/50), nonmass enhancement in 48% (25/50), and a focus in 2% (1/50). DCIS was more likely to present as nonmass enhancement (94.4%, 17/18), whereas invasive cancers were more likely to present as masses (75%, 24/32) (P < .001). All cancers that were stage 2 at diagnosis were detected either on a baseline exam or more than 4 years since the prior MRI exam. CONCLUSION: MRI screen-detected breast cancers were most often invasive cancers. Cancers detected by MRI screening had an excellent prognosis in our study population. Invasive cancers most commonly presented as a mass.

3D and cinematic rendering of abdominopelvic pathology in the peripartum period.

3D with volume rendering and the more recently described technique of cinematic rendering are post-processing techniques that create reconstructions of cross sectional imaging data which enhance image interpretation. This review illustrates the potential applications of volume rendering, 3D, and cinematic rendering in the evaluation of abdominopelvic pathology in the peripartum period. These techniques show promise in improving visualization of pelvic structures, vascular mapping, highlighting textural differences between tissues, and improving understanding of spatial relationships.