Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Prescripciones de Medicamentos , Trombosis/complicaciones , Síndrome Coronario Agudo/tratamiento farmacológico , Síndrome Coronario Agudo/terapia , Inhibidores de la Enzima Convertidora de Angiotensina/administración & dosificación , Inhibidores de Agregación Plaquetaria/administración & dosificación , Aspirina/administración & dosificación , Isquemia Miocárdica/terapia , Analgesia/métodos , Anticoagulantes/administración & dosificación , Hipolipemiantes/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
Importance: The effects of loading doses of statins on clinical outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and planned invasive management remain uncertain. Objective: To determine if periprocedural loading doses of atorvastatin decrease 30-day major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with ACS and planned invasive management. Design, Setting, and Participants: Multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial conducted at 53 sites in Brazil among 4191 patients with ACS evaluated with coronary angiography to proceed with a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) if anatomically feasible. Enrollment occurred between April 18, 2012, and October 6, 2017. Final follow-up for 30-day outcomes was on November 6, 2017. Interventions: Patients were randomized to receive 2 loading doses of 80 mg of atorvastatin (n = 2087) or matching placebo (n = 2104) before and 24 hours after a planned PCI. All patients received 40 mg of atorvastatin for 30 days starting 24 hours after the second dose of study medication. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was MACE, defined as a composite of all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, and unplanned coronary revascularization through 30 days. Results: Among the 4191 patients (mean age, 61.8 [SD, 11.5] years; 1085 women [25.9%]) enrolled, 4163 (99.3%) completed 30-day follow-up. A total of 2710 (64.7%) underwent PCI, 333 (8%) underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery, and 1144 (27.3%) had exclusively medical management. At 30 days, 130 patients in the atorvastatin group (6.2%) and 149 in the placebo group (7.1%) had a MACE (absolute difference, 0.85% [95% CI, -0.70% to 2.41%]; hazard ratio, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.69-1.11; P = .27). No cases of hepatic failure were reported; 3 cases of rhabdomyolysis were reported in the placebo group (0.1%) and 0 in the atorvastatin group. Conclusions and Relevance: Among patients with ACS and planned invasive management with PCI, periprocedural loading doses of atorvastatin did not reduce the rate of MACE at 30 days. These findings do not support the routine use of loading doses of atorvastatin among unselected patients with ACS and intended invasive management. Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01448642.
Asunto(s)
Síndrome Coronario Agudo/tratamiento farmacológico , Atorvastatina/administración & dosificación , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/prevención & control , Inhibidores de Hidroximetilglutaril-CoA Reductasas/administración & dosificación , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea , Síndrome Coronario Agudo/terapia , Anciano , Atorvastatina/efectos adversos , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/epidemiología , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/mortalidad , Método Doble Ciego , Femenino , Humanos , Inhibidores de Hidroximetilglutaril-CoA Reductasas/efectos adversos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Cuidados Preoperatorios , Infarto del Miocardio con Elevación del ST/tratamiento farmacológico , Infarto del Miocardio con Elevación del ST/terapiaAsunto(s)
Servicios Médicos de Urgencia/métodos , Infarto del Miocardio/terapia , Biomarcadores/sangre , Brasil , Cardiología , Electrocardiografía , Humanos , Infarto del Miocardio/sangre , Infarto del Miocardio/diagnóstico , Infarto del Miocardio/prevención & control , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Prevención Secundaria , Sociedades Médicas , Terapia Trombolítica/métodosRESUMEN
O infarto agudo do miocárdio é uma importante manifestação da síndrome isquêmica aguda. Suas seqüelas levam a significativas morbidade e mortalidade, a despeito dos avanços no tratamento dessa doença. A estratificação de risco é fator essencial na determinação dos pacientes potencialmente sujeitos a maior número de complicações e na decisão sobre medidas preventivas das mesmas. O objetivodeste artigo é revisar o conhecimento atual sobre a estratificação de risco da síndrome isquêmica aguda com supradesnível do segmento ST.